Meso-四(对磺酸基苯基)卟啉锌在二维ZnO表面原位中心取代合成及可见光选择性光催化

提高光催化剂降解污染物的效率和选择性,近年来引起了诸多研究者的关注。通过原位中心取代合成方法,合成了Meso-四(对磺酸基苯基)卟啉锌/氧化锌(ZnTPPS_4/ZnO NAs)复合材料。通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、紫外-可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis)和红外光谱(FTIR)等方法,对其晶体结构、形貌、组成和官能团进行表征,证明了在二维ZnO表面上的Zn原子,原位取代Meso-四(对磺酸基苯基)卟啉(TPPS_4)中心的氢原子,并与之形成中心配位。同时,对二维ZnO进行表面改性,增强其亲水性。分别将ZnTPPS_4/ZnO NAs和ZnO,对亲水性染料罗丹明B(RhB)和疏水性的苯酚(PL),进行可见光光催化实验,结果表明,亲水性ZnTPPS_4/ZnONAs对罗丹明B降解效率高,呈现出显著的光催化选择性。     

两步法制备超疏水性ZnO纳米棒薄膜

采用两步法制备了超疏水性ZnO纳米棒薄膜,在用磁控溅射在普通玻璃衬底上生长一层ZnO籽晶层基础上,利用液相法制备了空间取向高度一致的ZnO纳米棒阵列,经修饰后由亲水性转变为超疏水性.用扫描电子显微镜观察了纳米棒的表面结构,用接触角测量仪测出水滴在ZnO纳米棒薄膜表面的接触角为151°±05°,滚动角为7°.用Cassie模型对ZnO纳米棒薄膜的超疏水性进行了验证. 关键词： ZnO纳米棒 超疏水 两步法     

CdS/ZnO纳米复合结构的制备、表征及其光催化活性的改善

利用简单的水热法在ZnO纳米棒表面合成CdS纳米粒子.用扫描电镜(SEM)和X射线衍射(XRD)对CdS/ZnO异质结构进行表征.实验结果表明,在生长CdS的过程中ZnO被逐渐地腐蚀.选择CdS/ZnO纳米复合材料作为光催化剂在紫外光和绿光照射的条件下降解甲基橙(MO).CdS/ZnO纳米复合材料纳米棒作为光催化剂降解...     

PLD方法制备的ZnO纳米柱结构及光学特性

采用无催化脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法,在InP(100)衬底上生长纳米ZnO柱状结构。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)以及光致发光(PL)谱等表征手段对ZnO纳米柱的形貌、晶体结构和光学特性进行了观察。SEM图像观察到ZnO纳米柱状结构具有一定的取向性;XRD测试在2θ=34.10°处观测到强的ZnO(002)衍射峰,证实ZnO纳米柱具有较好的c轴择优取向;室温PL谱在379nm处观察到了强的自由激子发射峰(半峰全宽为19nm),未探测到深能级跃迁发射峰,表明生长的纳米ZnO结构具有很高的光学质量。     

无催化法制备ZnO纳米针的结构及光学特性

采用无催化脉冲激光沉积(PLD)方法,在InP(100)衬底上生长纳米ZnO针状结构。采用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)以及光致发光(PL)谱等对ZnO纳米针的形貌、晶体结构和光学特性表征。SEM图像观察到ZnO纳米针状结构具有一定的取向性。XRD测试在2θ=34.50°处观测到强烈的ZnO(002)衍射峰,证实ZnO纳米针具有较好的c轴择优取向。室温PL谱在379nm处观察到了较强的自由激子发射峰(半峰全宽为13.5nm),而微弱的深能级跃迁峰位于484nm,二者峰强比值为11∶1,表明生长的纳米ZnO结构具有较高的光学质量。     

直立Zn_2GeO_4/ZnO纳米棒阵列的制备及其发光性质研究

利用化学气相沉积法(CVD)在表面溅射Au和沉积ZnO籽晶的硅衬底上分别生长高度有序、垂直密布的直立Zn2GeO4/ZnO纳米棒阵列,利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射仪(XRD)和光致发光(PL)谱测试手段对所制备样品进行表征和发光特性的研究。所制备的Zn2GeO4/ZnO纳米棒的直径为350~400 nm,高度为10~11μm;室温PL谱观察到3个来源于Zn2GeO4的典型发光峰。最后,对CVD法制备的Zn2GeO4/ZnO纳米棒生长机理进行了分析。该种直立性良好的一维纳米棒材料可以广泛地应用到纳米光电子器件中。     

纳米ZnO生长及性质分析

利用低压金属有机化学气相沉积(LP-MOCVD)技术,在表面含有ZnO颗粒作为催化剂的Si(111)衬底上制备了ZnO纳米柱阵列。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、喇曼光谱(Raman)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、光致发光(PL)谱分析了样品的晶体结构质量、表面性质和光学性质。结果表明,生长出来的纳米ZnO具有较好的c轴择优取向性。发现氧分压对ZnO纳米柱的生长有重要影响:当氧分压较低时,生长基于VLS机制;当氧分压较高时,生长基于VS机制;通过对N2O流量的控制可实现对ZnO纳米材料的可控生长。     

ZnO/PAMAM G5.0的合成及其对“502”熏显处理指印的增显作用研究

为了同时解决纳米指印显现试剂的灵敏度、专属性以及安全性等方面的问题,设计出氧化锌/聚酰胺-胺树形分子纳米复合材料(ZnO/PAMAM G5.0)的构架,并探索了相关的合成条件、产物的荧光性能及其在潜指印显现方面的应用前景。实验结果表明,ZnO纳米颗粒可以在PAMAM G5.0树形分子的模板作用下控制生成;合成产物在中波紫外光的激发作用下可以发出蓝色可见光;当锌离子与树形分子的负载比介于10~100范围内时,合成产物的荧光性能呈现先增长后下降的趋势,并在负载比为60时得到最强光致发光效果;对于经"502"熏显法固定后的潜指印样本,ZnO/PAMAM G5.0纳米复合材料可以通过胺解反应途径对其进行有效的增显。ZnO/PAMAM G5.0纳米复合材料有望引领纳米指印显现试剂新的发展方向。     

用等离子体辅助分子束外延生长氧化锌单晶薄膜

利用等离子体辅助分子束外延(P-MBE)方法,通过优化生长条件,在c平面蓝宝石(Al_2O_3)上生长出氧化锌(ZnO)单晶薄膜。使用反射式高能衍射仪(RHEED)原位监测到样品表面十分平整,X射线摇摆曲线(XRC)测得ZnO薄膜的<002>取向半峰全宽为0.20°,证实为ZnO单晶薄膜。室温下吸收谱(ABS)和光致发光(PL)谱显示了较强的激子吸收和发射,且无深能级(DL)发光。电学性能测量表明,生长的ZnO为n型半导体,室温下载流于浓度为7×10~(16) cm~(-3),与体单晶ZnO中的载流子浓度相当。     

镉掺杂氧化锌纳米花的制备及其光催化活性

以氯化锌、氯化镉、氢氧化钠为原料,采用水热法合成Cd掺杂纳米花状ZnO光催化剂,并通过该样品对罗丹明B水溶液的降解来研究其光催化活性。利用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线能量色散谱(EDS)、光致发光谱(PL)及紫外-可见分光光度计(UV-Vis)等测试手段对材料物性进行表征。实验结果表明:当掺杂Cd2+时,样品形貌发生变化、粒径减小;掺杂Cd2+后的ZnO的吸收边和紫外峰对比于纯ZnO均发生红移,禁带宽度由3.24 eV减小到3.16 eV。通过光催化实验分析可知,掺杂后纳米ZnO光催化剂对罗丹明B水溶液的降解率有所提高,光照3 h其降解率高达98%,说明与纯ZnO相比,Cd掺杂ZnO纳米花具有更高的光催化活性。     

Hydrophobic Functionalization of ZnO Nanosheets by In Situ Center‐Substituted Synthesis for Selective Photocatalysis under Visible Irradiation

The selective degradation of specific substances in mixed contaminants is quite challenging. And a general approach for sensitized oxide semiconductor relies on dip‐coating method with sensitizer. Here, hydrophilic 2D, nest‐like architecture ZnO (ZnO NA) was hydrophobicly functioned by monomolecular–layer tetraphenylporphyrin zinc (ZnTPP), where ZnTPP was synthesized by means of an in situ center‐substituted (ISCS) process., i.e., the hydrogen atoms in the core of metal‐free tetraphenylporphyrin (H₂TPP) are substituted by the unsaturated zinc ions in ZnO NAs. ZnTPP/ZnO NA was exhibited with significant hydrophobicity, benefitting to absorb hydrophobic phenol (PL). Further, it is realized to selectively photodegradate PL in the mixture by ZnTPP/ZnO NAs under visible irradiation. Note that the rate of degradation to hydrophobic PL by ZnTPP/ZnO NA is 9.17 times of that for ZnO NA within 150 min; on the contrary, the degradation rate of hydrophilic rhodamine B (RhB) by ZnTPP/ZnO is reduced by 40%. Radiative lifetime of photogenerated charges is obviously increased by ZnTPP/ZnO NA compared with that of ZnTPP, indicating the effective charge separation for ZnTPP/ZnO NAs. In addition, ZnTPP/ZnO NA produced more superoxide radicals (·O₂^?) in comparison to ZnO NA. With surface functionalization, the feasibility of selective photocatalysis under visible irradiation is demonstrated.     

Synthesis and Spectral Characteristics for Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin Modified Zinc Oxide NanowiresSynthesis and Spectral Characteristics for Zinc Tetraphenylporphyrin Modified Zinc Oxide Nanowires

A nest-like architectures(ZnO NAs)were prepared onto the conductive glass(ITO)by hydrothermal method.A metal-free porphyrin,tetraphenylporphyrin(H2TPP),was synthesized via Adler method.Zn ions with Zn-unsaturated coordination bonds on the surface of ZnO NAs were used as a template,and also H2TPP was used as"molecular fragments".Zinc tetraphenylporphyrin(ZnTPP)molecules were obtained on the surface of ZnO NAs by in-situ method.ZnO NAs direct provides of zinc source makes ZnTPP stably coated on the surface of ZnO NAs nanosheet,formed a tight composite materials(ZnTPP/ZnO NAs).Due toZnTPP with four phenyls in meso position,the surface of ZnTPP/ZnO NAs was with hydrophobic property.In the photocatalytic experiment,the degradation selectivity for phenol(hydrophobicity)in the mixture of phenol and rhodamine B(hydrophily)was increased under visible irradiation.     

Preparation of ZnO nanopowders by thermal plasma and characterization of photo-catalytic property

Nano-sized zinc oxide (ZnO) powders were prepared via a thermal plasma process from micro-sized zinc powder while oxygen was employed as a reaction gas. Two different carrier gases, oxygen and argon, were evaluated and the flow rate of the reaction gas was controlled. The photo-catalytic activities of ZnO powders were evaluated by measuring the degradation of methylene blue (MB) in water under the UV and visible region. The prevailing goal of this study is to improve the photo-catalytic activity of nano-sized ZnO powders for the removal of environmental pollutants. The ZnO nanopowders were characterized by XRD, SEM, BET, and UV-vis spectrometry. Their mean crystallites sizes ranged from 26.5 nm to 48.6 nm. It was confirmed by a XRD analysis that the ZnO nanopowders had a high quality wurtzite structure. SEM and XRD results show that the size of the particles synthesized increased with an increase of the flow rate of the oxygen reaction gas. The powder obtained using the argon carrier gas with higher oxygen reaction gas flow rate was more rod-shape. The MB decomposition rates of the obtained ZnO nanopowders were studied under the UV and visible region. In the UV region, synthesized ZnO could decompose MB as well as commercial ZnO. However, in the visible region, the MB decomposition rate obtained using ZnO was much higher than that by commercial ZnO.     

Carbon quantum dots supported ZnO sphere based photocatalyst for dye degradation application

A Carbon quantum dots supported ZnO hollow Sphere (ZnO/C-dots) were synthesized through a solvothermal method using polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) as a solvent. The phase and crystal structure of as-prepared ZnO/C-dots photocatalyst were characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (XRD). The surface morphology and size of the composite were analyzed using field emission scanning microscopy (FE-SEM). The optical properties of the as-prepared nanocomposites were examined using UV–visible (UV–Vis) spectrometer. The photocatalytic activity of pure ZnO and ZnO/C-dots nanocomposites were evaluated by the degradation of methylene blue (MB) under UV–Visible light irradiation. The ZnO/C-dots nanocomposites exhibited maximum photocatalytic MB dye degradation efficiency of 96% which is much higher that the pure ZnO (63%). The enhanced photocatalytic activity of ZnO/C-dots is due to the extended light absorption in the visible region and suppressed photoexcited electron-hole pair recombination rate. Moreover, the activity of photocatalyst after five cycles exhibits high stability, which is vital for the sustainable photocatalytic procedures. It is concluded that the prepared ZnO/C-dots composite have low cost, good stability and has a great potential application for Photocatalytic dye degradation.     

Synthesis and characterization of ZnO nanoparticles using polyethylene glycol (PEG)

ZnO nanoparticles and ZnO encapsulated with polyethylene glycol (PEG) was synthesized using zinc acetate as a precursor at low temperature and characterized by different techniques. The influence of the types of solvent, synthesis parameters, and PEG encapsulation on the crystallization, the surface morphology, and the luminescent properties of ZnO nanoparticles prepared by the sol–gel process were investigated. The influence of different addition molar masses of the PEG during the synthesis on the ZnO emission peaks was systematically monitored. The crystallinity, the surface morphology, and the photoluminescence (PL) properties of ZnO depended highly on the synthesis process and PEG encapsulation. X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectra of ZnO nanoparticles show that all the peaks corresponding to the various planes of wurtzite ZnO indicate the formation of a single phase. The absorption edges of these ZnO nanoparticles are shifted by additions of the PEG polymer. The photoluminescence (PL) characterization of the ZnO nanostructures exhibited a broad emission in the visible range with maximum peak at 450 and/or 560 nm.     

Fabrication of a superhydrophobic surface on a wood substrate

A layer of lamellar superhydrophobic coating was fabricated on a wood surface through a wet chemical process. The superhydrophobic property of the wood surface was measured by contact angle (CA) measurements. The microstructure and chemical composition of the superhydrophobic coating were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). An analytical characterization revealed that the microscale roughness of the lamellar particles was uniformly distributed on the wood surface and that a zinc stearate monolayer (with the hydrophobic groups oriented outward) formed on the ZnO surface as the result of the reaction between stearic acid and ZnO. This process transformed the wood surface from hydrophilic to superhydrophobic: the water contact angle of the surface was 151°, and the sliding angle was less than 5°.     

Stably dispersible P3HT/ZnO nanocomposites with tunable luminescence by in-situ hydrolysis and copolymerization of zinc methacrylate

In this paper, the copolymer shell with the internal hydrophobic polymethacrylate layer and the external hydrophilic poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether groups was successfully bonded on the surface of ZnO nanocrystals through a simple sol–gel method, i.e., radical polymerization of zinc methacrylate (Zn(MA)₂) and poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate (PEGMEMA) and hydrolysis. The prepared ZnO@poly(methacrylate-co-poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether methacrylate) (ZnO@PPEGMA) nanocrystals showed good dispersion and smaller particle size, due to the presence of copolymer shell. The optical properties of ZnO@PPEGMA nanocrystals were characterized by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectroscopy and photoluminescence (PL) spectroscopy. The results indicated that the absorption edge and PL emission in the UV region of ZnO@PPEGMA nanocrystals appeared obvious blue-shift, due to the smaller particle size. Incorporation of ZnO@PPEGMA nanocrystals into poly(3-hexylthiophene) (P3HT) matrix, the dispersion of P3HT/ZnO@PPEGMA nanocomposites was greatly improved and the nanocomposites possessed excellent photoluminescence stability. Meanwhile, it was observed that the PL emission of P3HT/ZnO@PPEGMA nanocomposites was enhanced significantly, due to the presence of copolymer shell and the improvement of compatibility of ZnO@PPEGMA in the P3HT matrix. The results showed that the P3HT/ZnO@PPEGMA nanocomposites could be potential candidates for optical applications.     

Defect-controlled growth of ZnO nanostructures using its different zinc precursors and their application for effective photodegradation

Various zinc precursors, such as zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, and zinc chloride, have been used to control the formation of zinc oxide (ZnO) nanostructures onto aluminum substrate by chemical means. FESEM images of the ZnO nanostructures showed the formation of different morphologies, such as flakes, nanowalls, nanopetals, and nanodisks, when the nanostructures were synthesized using zinc acetate, zinc nitrate, zinc sulfate, and zinc chloride precursors, respectively. The TEM image of disk-like ZnO nanostructures formed using zinc chloride as a precursor revealed hexagonally shaped particles with an average diameter of 0.5 μm. Room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) spectra revealed a large quantity of surface oxygen defects in ZnO nanodisks grown from zinc chloride compared with those using other precursors. Furthermore, the ZnO nanostructures were evaluated for photocatalytic activity under ultraviolet (UV) light illumination. Nanostructures having a disk-like shape exhibited the highest photocatalytic performance (k = 0.027 min⁻¹) for all the ZnO nanostructures studied. Improved photocatalytic activity of ZnO nanodisks was attributed to their large specific surface area (4.83 m² g⁻¹), surface oxygen defects, and super-hydrophilic nature of their surface, which is particularly suitable for dye adsorption.     

液晶-氧化锌纳米复合材料的可调发光

采用超声波分散技术,选用氧化锌纳米晶体和液晶（N-（4-methoxybenzylidene）-4-ethoxybenzenamine）,制成液晶质量分数分别为10%、20%、30%、40%、50%、60%、70%、80%的液晶-氧化锌纳米复合材料。通过X射线衍射仪、透射电子显微镜、光致发光光谱仪对样品进行表征。实验结果表明：当液晶MB₂BA在氧化锌纳米晶体的质量分数从0增加到80%时,氧化锌纳米复合材料的PL光谱峰值最终移到了418 nm的蓝光区域。随着氧化锌纳米晶体中液晶分子的增加,氧化锌纳米晶体的表面缺陷减少、其深层发光明显削弱,氧化锌纳米晶体的光致发光可以由最初的黄绿色转变为蓝色。因此,可以在氧化锌纳米晶体中通过添加适量的液晶MB₂BA来实现蓝光发射。     

ZnO@GQDs核壳结构量子点的制备及性能研究

采用原位聚合法制备了以ZnO量子点为核、石墨烯量子点（GQDs）为壳的ZnO@ GQDs核壳结构量子点。通过TEM和HR-TEM对量子点进行形貌和结构的分析表征。结果表明,合成的ZnO@ GQDs核壳结构量子点为球形,粒径为～7 nm,且尺寸均匀。PL光谱研究表明,新型量子点的发射峰位于369 nm,发光峰窄、强度高;相对于ZnO的本征发射峰,GQDs的引入使得ZnO@GQDs核壳量子点的荧光发射峰出现蓝移、强度变高,从而使复合量子点的荧光具有较纯的色度和较高的强度,说明GQDs的引入具有协同优化效应。该量子点有望应用于LED显示器件。