多模光纤散斑场的纵向偏振调控

相干光经过多模光纤传输,在出射端形成一个随机的散斑场。对于非保偏多模光纤,还将出现退偏现象,使得入射的线偏振光不再保持线偏振分布。因此,非保偏多模光纤散斑场的随机性不仅表现在光强方面,也表现在偏振方面。基于反馈波前整形技术,实现了对多模光纤出射端无序散斑场的光强和偏振的调控,获得了光强集中的聚焦线,并且可以有效控制聚焦线的偏振分布。     

相位掩模板干涉场及其对光纤光栅损耗的影响

理论分析了紫外准分子激光相位掩模法刻写光纤布拉格光栅时相位掩模板干涉场的形式以及对比度特征,并结合干涉光场对比度与光纤光栅折射率调制度的关系,通过实验证明了随着光纤与相位掩模板距离的增加,相位掩模板形成的干涉光场对比度会越来越低,这种对比度的降低导致了光纤布拉格光栅损耗的增加。进一步的分析显示:非±1级衍射能量的增加、紫外光束斜入射角度增加、紫外激光时空相干性的恶化等因素也会导致干涉场对比度降低,因此实验上要尽量避免这些不利因素的影响。该研究结果对高功率FBG刻写装置的光源、相位掩模板的选择以及光路调试等具有重要的指导意义。     

利用散斑图像测量表面粗糙度的计算机模拟及实验

从菲涅耳-基尔霍夫衍射公式出发推导出了粗糙面近场衍射方程。通过对观察面散斑光强统计特性的分析,提出了采用镜射光强分量法测量表面粗糙度的思想。为验证该方法的有效性,首先用计算机模拟产生具有不同统计特性的随机表面,然后对由随机表面产生的散斑场及其光强分布进行计算。计算结果表明,与传统的散斑对比度法相比,散斑镜射光强分量法测量弱粗糙表面粗糙度具有更大的适用范围和更高的测量精度,克服了散斑对比度法易受表面横向相关长度影响的缺点。通过实验对计算机模拟结果进行了验证。     

光盘信息符散斑图的统计特性研究

提出了一种用激光散斑测量光盘信息符统计特性的方法.利用散斑统计理论中衍射散斑场的平均对比度与散射屏表面粗糙度近似成线性关系,把光盘等效为弱散射屏,对未刻录、刻录及存在缺陷的CD-R光盘不同区域形成的衍射散斑图进行了对比研究.实验结果表明,该方法具有可量化、全场测量的优点,能够表征光盘信息符的某些统计特性,这为测量光盘刻录质量提供了一种新的方法和途径.     

基于位相分布限制衍射光学元件的散斑抑制方法

根据散斑产生的机理,利用像素点之间干涉的概念,提出了通过限制光场的位相分布范围来抑制投影图像中散斑对比度的方法.在部分发展散斑的条件下,推导了位相均匀分布情况下的散斑对比度公式,揭示了当相位分布范围在0.6π~2π之间时,散斑对比度随相位分布范围的变化而震荡变化,当把相位分布范围限制在0.6π以下时,散斑对比度会随相位分布范围的减小而迅速下降.建立了理想仿真模型和实际仿真模型来验证该方法的正确性和可行性.在理想仿真模型中,当位相分布范围从2π变到0,所得散斑图样对比度从66.44%降到0;在实际仿真模型中,模拟了实际激光投影系统的光路结构,并运用了两片衍射光学元件,一片用于激光整形匀化,一片用于光场的位相分布范围限制,散斑图样对比度从92.78%降低到2.09%.该方法稳定性高、耗能低、使用元件尺寸小,为全息投影显示的散斑抑制提供了参考.     

成像型速度干涉仪散斑成因的研究

在冲击波过程中,利用成像型速度干涉仪探测样品自由面的速度时,散斑的叠加使得干涉曲线被严重干扰,影响了速度信息的精密提取。在理论上从光路的角度分析了系统中可能造成散斑的两种因素:靶面粗糙度和多模光纤。在实验上设计了三种照明方式分别对这两种因素进行验证。离线实验的结果表明,多模光纤的引入对散斑的产生起了主要的作用,这对抑制乃至遏制散斑的产生具有很好的指导性意义。     

塑料光纤纤端光场测试结果及分析

对纤端光场进行了理论分析,分别利用塑料光纤和多模光纤作为接收光纤对塑料光纤的出射纤端光场进行了测量,并与理论分析结果进行了比较,给出了合理的调和参数.传输距离较长的塑料光纤由于高阶模的泄漏,纤端光场分布非常接近高斯分布.实验结果表明了理论分析结果和调和参数选择的合理性.     

多模光纤束产生的散斑场全息照相

本文在分析相干光激励下多模光纤束的辐射特性的基础上,提出了以多模光纤束产生的激光散斑场作为物体照明光波和参考光波的散斑场全息照相理论和实验技术,给出了与理论相一致的实验结果,同时也讨论了散斑全息照相在全息干涉计量中的应用.     

激光显示中散斑噪声的抑制

为了消弱散斑噪声,提出了最优化的斑纹减弱方法。给出采用最少数量的位相分布模式产生最大的斑纹减弱效果的位相型光学元件应满足的条件,证明了此位相分布格式可以由阿达姆矩阵的行或者列得到,并以绿光为例验证了所设计位相型衍射元件的斑纹减弱效果显著,采用衍射元件调制前后散斑对比度由8.4%减弱到2.7%。     

天文光纤机械扰模器调制环形光场的实验研究

光纤入射光束的角度和位置的变化对光纤出射光束的远场光强分布有较大影响。通过分析光纤出射光场的光强分布,研究了斜光束的偏轴角对光纤出射光场的影响。光纤耦合理论说明光纤的宏弯曲会使光纤内部模式相互耦合,根据这一原理设计一种能使光纤宏弯曲并以此来改善光纤出射场分布的机械扰模器。在实验中,对不同偏轴角入射及处于不同扰模程度的光斑进行中值滤波、高斯拟合等处理,得到光斑的径向光强分布曲线、高斯拟合度、不同出射焦比范围的能量变化等参数,以此分析机械扰模器的扰模效果。     

利用振动光纤减弱激光散斑的研究

在激光投影显示技术中,引入振动光纤的方法能够以较小的能量损失减弱激光散斑.本文利用广义范西特-泽尼克定理对激光投影显示中采用振动光纤抑制散斑做了理论分析.结果表明,散斑衬比度的大小取决于光纤的模式数和投影系统的光瞳大小,对于相同大小的像面,收集更多的光纤模式数和增大孔径均可减弱散斑衬比度.用两种不同的多模光纤所做的对比实验定性证实了这一结论.研究结果对光纤的选择和投影系统的设计有一定的指导意义.     

Speckle characteristics of a broad-area VCSEL in the incoherent emission regime

We present a technique to reduce the speckle contrast of a NIR broad-area VCSEL based on the spatially incoherent emission regime that can be obtained when using the proper driving conditions. We evaluate the efficiency of this technique to reduce the speckle contrast by comparing it with the speckle characteristics in multimode emission under cw operation. Depending on the illumination setup, the incoherent emission regime can lead to a strongly reduced speckle contrast down to 1.3%. This is in agreement with estimates of the expected speckle contrast reduction when three contrast reducing effects are taken into account. These low contrast values make the investigated sources attractive for several applications that suffer from speckle noise.     

Evaluation of the mode scrambler characteristics in terms of the speckle contrast

A new mode scrambler with sinusoidally serpentine bends is experimentally studied by analyzing both the half width and the average contrast of the far-field speckle pattern of an emitting light from a short multimode fiber. It is found that, as the number of bendings increases, the speckle contrast approaches a certain constant low level where the steady state mode power distribution is achieved.     

Enhancement of the wavelength selectivity of a volume hologram by use of multimode optical fiber referencing

Wavelength multiplexing of a volume hologram was combined with multimode fiber referencing. A photorefractive volume hologram was recorded and probed by reference light diffracted from a multimode optical fiber. A tunable laser diode was used as a light source that was launched into the multimode fiber. As the wavelength of the source laser shifted, the speckle patterns from the multimode fiber changed. The wavelength selectivity of the volume hologram was enhanced by the combined effect of wavelength change and speckle change.     

Double-clad fiber for endoscopy

Endoscopes employing a single optical fiber may have advantages over conventional fiber-bundle or CCD array imaging techniques, including the potential for greater flexibility and miniaturization. Although single-mode fibers can provide superior resolution compared with multimode fibers, they are prone to increased speckle noise and suffer from limited optical throughput and reduced depth of field. We demonstrate the use of a double-clad fiber for single-mode illumination and multimode detection to achieve high-resolution, reduced-speckle imaging with high optical throughput and a large depth of field.     

Twistability of the path of radiation propagating in an absorbing medium

The effect of rotation of the speckle pattern accompanying the propagation of radiation in an absorbing multimode optical fiber is predicted in the geometrical optics approximation. The direction of the angle of rotation of the speckle pattern at the fiber exit is determined by the photon helicity. The absolute value of the angle of rotation is proportional to the square of the fiber length.     

Mechanism of speckle reduction in laser-microscope images using a rotating optical fiber

The reduction mechanism of speckles appearing in laser-microscope images is studied theoretically and experimentally when an object is illuminated by laser light through a rotating multimode optical fiber. The principle of the speckle reduction is based on independent addition of microscope images with boiling-like speckles as a result of the rotational motion of the optical fiber used for illumination. Especially, the speckle reduction is evaluated from first-order statistics of the speckle intensity in which its saturation effect is taken into consideration.     

Use of skew rays in multimode fibers to generate speckle field with nonzero vorticity

Beams at the output of an axially symmetric multimode fiber were produced with mostly positive or negative values of angular index m through skew illumination of the input end of the fiber. In this way rays with predominantly positive or negative helicity were excited inside the fiber. The output cw speckle field at the wavelength lambda = 632.8 nm contained large densities N(+) and N(-) of wave-front dislocations, or optical vortices, of both positive and negative sign. Vorticity was defined as V = N(+) - N(-) , was expressed analytically through the Wigner function of the field, and was found experimentally to be in good agreement with theory.     

利用振动光纤减弱激光散斑的研究

在激光投影显示技术中,引入振动光纤的方法能够以较小的能量损失减弱激光散斑.本文利用广义范西特-泽尼克定理对激光投影显示中采用振动光纤抑制散斑做了理论分析.结果表明,散斑衬比度的大小取决于光纤的模式数和投影系统的光瞳大小,对于相同大小的像面,收集更多的光纤模式数和增大孔径均可减弱散斑衬比度.用两种不同的多模光纤所做的对比...     

卡塞格林望远镜耦合系统锥形导管的仿真与误差分析

为了提高卡塞格林望远镜像斑耦合多模光纤的效率,采用一种在光纤前端放置锥形导管的方法,利用光线在锥形导管中经过多次内全反射耦合进多模光纤中,通过几何光学理论及数值方法分析卡塞格林零视场光束像点的最大耦合角,确定锥形导管初始结构参数。将此参数作为Zemax仿真的初始条件,进行优化仿真计算和误差分析。结果表明:加工误差控制在0.03 mm之内,采用锥形导管后可以使像斑整体耦合效率较直接耦合提高4倍以上。