气动雾化进样-微波等离子体炬全谱仪测定矿泉水中的Na,Mg, Ca,Li, Sr

采用微波等离子体炬(MPT)作为激发光源,通过气动雾化系统进样,循环水冷凝-浓硫酸吸水装置作为去溶系统,以Ar为等离子体工作气体,建立了氩微波等离子体炬全谱仪检测矿泉水中Na, Mg, Ca, Li和Sr等五种元素的方法。详细探究了微波功率源功率、工作气流量及载气流量等实验参数对待测元素发射信号的影响,并且对这些参数进行了优化。在优化的实验条件下,对11种瓶装饮用矿泉水进行了检测,方法对Na, Mg, Ca, Li和Sr的检出限分别为4.4,21,56,11和84 μg·mL-1,相对标准偏差范围为1.30%～5.45%(n=6),加标回收率在84.6%～98.5% 之间。实验结果表明,此装置简单便捷、分析成本低;此方法分析速度快、精确度与准确度高、能够同时测定多种元素,适用于矿泉水中元素检测,为打击非法商家提供了手段,同时也为人们的饮用水质量提供了安全保障,有望用于食品安全、药品安全、临床诊断及更多领域的分析检测。     

MPT-AES测定奶粉中的微量金属元素

用微波等离子体(MPT)为激发光源,氩气为等离子体工作气体,用气动雾化进样,以校准曲线法研究了微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法(MPT-AES)测定奶粉中的镁、钠。详细考察了溶液中盐酸浓度、硝酸浓度、共存离子浓度、微波前向功率、载气流量、工作气流量等实验参数对测定的影响。测定结果表明,镁和钠质量浓度的检出限分别为0.36、0.75μg/L,RSD(n=6)≤0.41%,线性范围分别为0.02—9mg/L、0.02—4mg/L,MPT-AES提高了测定奶粉中微量金属元素含量的速度和准确度。     

电热蒸发进样微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法中共存元素的影响

本文考察了以微波等离子体炬（MPT）为光源，电热钽丝环进样时，溶液中共存元素对发射信号的影响。     

高分辨率MPT全谱仪的研制及性能测试

研制了采用模块化设计的高分辨率MPT全谱仪。新研制的MPT全谱仪采用了全内置连续可调微波功率源、中阶梯光栅分光和紫外增强面阵CCD检测等多项先进技术,该仪器具有分辨率高、检测波长范围宽、灵敏度高、模块化等优点。对该仪器对26种元素检出限、光谱分辨率、多元素同时检测及实际样品测定等的考察表明其结果令人满意。     

流动注射在线清理MPT-AES测定钯、铂和金的研究

本文研究了在大理Li^ 、Na^ 、K^ 、Ca^ 和Mg^2 离子存在时,通过在线清理用微波等离子体炬原子发射光谱法（MPT－AES）测定Pb,Pt和Au三种元素的可能性。实验结果表明,样品溶液通过阳离子交换树脂柱后,这些离子的干扰基本消除了,将所建立的方法用于一些实际样品分析,得到的结果满意。     

分子筛和担体中主含量元素和杂质元素的同时测定

本文研究了用微波消化试样，ICP－AES法同时测定分子筛及担体中的主含量元素Si、Al和杂质元素Fe、Na、Ca、Mg的方法。相对标准偏差：Si、Al＜2％，Fe、Na、Ca、Mg≤4％，杂质元素回收率为97％－107％。方法快速，简便、准确，可靠。     

微波溶样-AAS法测定麻黄素浸膏粉中的12种元素

微波溶样技术具有方便快捷、节约试剂、污染少、样品溶解完全等特点。本文采用HNO3 H2O2 微波溶样 ,利用原子吸收分光光度法 ,通过对麻黄素浸膏粉中Fe,Ca ,Mg,Zn ,Mn,Cu ,Na ,K ,Ni,Cd ,Pb ,Cr元素的测定 ,进行了微波消化条件的选择及消化结果精密度实验 ,并利用国家标准物质茶树叶GBW0 850 1验证了方法的准确度 ,测定值与标准值基本吻合。实验结果表明 ,该方法获得了满意的精密度、准确度。     

微波消解ICP-AES测定中药朱砂莲中多种元素

采用微波消解 ICP- AES法同时测定了朱砂莲中 Ca、Cu、Fe、K、Mg、Mn、Na、P、Zn等 9种元素 ,加标回收率在 97.3%— 10 1.3%之间 ,相对标准偏差 RSD≤ 3.6 % ,检出限在 0 .2— 5 1.0μg/ L之间 ,方法快速简便 ,结果准确。比较了微波消解和干灰化法溶样的测定结果     

FAAS法测定丰城鸡血藤中锶含量的方法探讨

探索建立空气-乙炔火焰原子吸收测定丰城鸡血藤中微量元素锶含量的方法。以丰城鸡血藤为研究对象,HNO3-HCLO4(4+1)为消解液,采用压力主控微波消解样品,EDTA-2Na溶液为抑制剂,用火焰原子吸收光谱法(FAAS)测定丰城鸡血藤中微量元素锶的含量。微波消解药材消化完全,测定线性良好,范围0~1.6μg.mL-1,回归方程为Y=0.036 5X-0.001 1,r=0.999 4,方法学检出限为0.008 2μg.mL-1(n=21),平均回收率101.5%,RSD=2.04%。该方法灵敏度高,操作简单,结果准确,适用于该药材中锶元素的含量测定。     

微波消解-ICP-AES法测定新疆贯叶连翘中的微量元素

微波溶样技术具有方便快捷、节约试剂、污染少和样品溶解完全等特点。采用HNO3 HClO4 (5∶1)作消解剂进行微波溶样 ,利用ICP法同时测定新疆贯叶连翘中Fe ,Ca,Mg ,Zn ,Mn ,Cu ,Na ,K ,Al,Ba,Pb和Cr等元素 ,进行了微波消化条件的选择及消化结果精密度实验 ,方法的回收率在 93 2 %～ 10 3 0 % ,测定的RSD(n =11)在 0 4 %～ 2 9%之间。并利用国家标准物质灌木枝叶GBW0 76 0 2验证了方法的准确度 ,测定值与标准值基本吻合。实验结果表明 ,此方法获得了满意的精密度和准确度。     

多通道扫描型红外光纤气体测量系统研究

提出了一种将声光可调滤光器技术应用于气体浓度测量的红外光谱系统。该系统以氙灯作为光源,TeO2晶体作为声光介质的色散元件,InGaAs光电二极管阵列作为多通道检测器,利用光纤探测和传输光信号,由计算机处理数据和显示结果。通过声光调制将宽带光变为单色光,通过超声射频的变化实现光谱扫描,可对不同气体进行快速测量,无机械调谐机构,结构简单。通过对甲烷气体的实验表明,该系统的有效光谱测量范围为900~1900nm,光谱分辨率为60nm,可用于对有害气体的在线检测。     

AOTF在光谱分析中的应用研究——3.AOTF在原子发射光谱分析中的应用

本文报道了一台以声光可调滤光器(AOTF)为分光元件的自装ICP原子发射光谱仪.其硬件及软件系统均为自行设计.采用的TeO2晶体为Brimrose TEAF5-0.36-0.52-S.波长校正采用了Ca,Y,Li,Eu,Sr和Ba等六个元素的十四条谱线,经十次拟合后波长值误差小于0.1 nm.不同PMT电压下测定的峰值偏差小于0.04 nm.Ba,Y,Eu,Sc和Sr等五个元素的校正曲线平均相关系数为0.999 1,检出限在0.051～0.97 μg*mL-1范围. 在488 nm处半峰高宽度约为2.1 nm,如不采取增强分辨率的措施,该仪器在原子发射光谱分析中的应用有一定的局限性.     

基于EMCCD的AOTF成像光谱仪噪声分析与信噪比研究

声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)成像光谱仪是一种新型高光谱成像系统。针对系统存在的波段间辐射灵敏度差异较大,低照度条件下部分波段信噪较低的问题,引入了电子倍增CCD(EMCCD)作为感光器件。对该原理仪器在普通和电子倍增两种工作模式下的噪声进行了分析,推导了信噪比模型,并利用研制的原理样机进行了实验验证。在此基础上,提出了电子倍增模式下系统动态范围的评价方法,给出了以入瞳光谱辐亮度为判据的工作模式选择方法。结果表明,信噪比模型与实测结果吻合,电子倍增模式的合理选择有效提高了低照度条件下的信噪比,改善波段间辐射灵敏度的非一致性。     

Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter (AOTF) Revisited: Ultrashort Optical Pulses Crosstalk Studies on the Lossy Filter

We examine again the crosstalk level (Xtalk) and extinction ratio (Xratio) of an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) operating with ultrashort light pulses (2 ps), now considering the loss effect. The compression factor was studied for the switched pulse with lossy AOTF (α _dB = 4 dB/mm) considering five nonlinearity profiles. One can observe that there is always an optimum value for δ (final value of the nonlinearity) that one can obtain a switched pulse with the same time duration of the input pulse (C = 1). The compression factor for the switched pulse along the filter length shows that for the constant profile, the compression factor is around 1 all over the device. The study of the crosstalk level (Xtalk) of this device, considering the optimum values of δ obtained from the compression studies, as a function of the pump power (P ₀) was done. The acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) has attracted great attention in recent years, in part because it appears to be a suitable basis for multi-wavelength optical cross-connects. It is probably the only known tunable filter that is capable of selecting several wavelengths simultaneously. This capability can be used to construct a multi-wavelength router.     

A new type of small size acousto-optic tunable filter with super narrow optical linewidth

The new concept of the creation of an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) with super-resolution and small size is discussed. The advantage of the device is based on the use of a novel type of multi reflector beam expander that produces a highly collimated optical beam (angular spread about 100 ppm), tilted with a change in optical wavelength. The proposed AOTF, 1 cm in length, can have an optical linewidth about 0.1 nm and up to 400 tunable channels at a wavelength of 1540 nm. It can be utilized as a tunable filter for dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) in fiber optic networks and as a small-sized tunable optical spectrometer, for example, in sensors of gases, liquids and solids. The acousto-optic tunable filter can be developed by known technology developed for the creation of integrated optics and microelectronics devices. Received: 28 April 2001 / Revised version: 22 August 2001 / Published online: 2 November 2001     

声光可调谐滤光器的光谱传递特性和数据恢复方法

本文在分析声光可调谐滤光器透过特性的基础上。对其引入了光谱传递函数的概念,并计算和讨论了光谱传递函数随滤光器结构参数的变化规律。     

A performance study of a logical gate using PPM optical pulse modulation for TDM systems

In this paper we propose the operation of an all-optical logical gate based in an acousto optical tunable filter (AOTF) operating with a pulse position modulation (PPM). The performance of an AOTF realizing two-input AND/OR logical functions, which can be applied in transmission and processing of signals in all-optical form in TDM systems, was examined. This novel integrated acousto optical logical gate operates with two ultrashort soliton light pulses (2 ps), which are modulated in agreement with the technique of pulse position modulation (PPM). Initially, we evaluated the effect resulting of an increment in the acousto optical interaction length, for the temporal position of the output pulse, considering the anomalous group velocity dispersion (GVD), nonlinear self phase modulation (SPM) and without loss propagation regime of TE and TM input pulses not modulated. We have analyzed the four possible situations for the two-input logical gate, modulating the TE and TM input pulses through temporal displacement and allowing a variation in the coding parameter offset (ε). We can conclude that is possible to get AND/OR logical operations for the modes TM or TE, without to insert PPM error, since a phase control (Δ?) exists (applied on the TM input pulse) in agreement with each situation in the truth table. Finally we defined the truth table, considering the adequate phase difference and coding parameter offset for the operation of the AND/OR logical gate based in the AOTF.     

A calibration method for broad-bandwidth cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy performed with supercontinuum radiation

An efficient calibration method has been developed for broad-bandwidth cavity enhanced absorption spectroscopy. The calibration is performed using phase shift cavity ring-down spectroscopy, which is conveniently implemented through use of an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). The AOTF permits a narrowband portion of the SC spectrum to be scanned over the full high-reflectivity bandwidth of the cavity mirrors. After calibration the AOTF is switched off and broad-bandwidth CEAS can be performed with the same light source without any loss of alignment to the set-up. We demonstrate the merits of the method by probing transitions of oxygen molecules O₂ and collisional pairs of oxygen molecules (O₂)₂ in the visible spectral range.     

声光可调谐滤波器(AOTF)消色散设计

介绍了非共线声光可调谐滤波器的构成及基本原理,计算了非共线声光可调谐滤波器衍射出的±1级衍射偏振光的偏转角,采用在光路中添加光楔的方法补偿非共线声光可调谐滤波器晶体色散引起的图像漂移.分析结果表明使用TeO_2材料设计的光楔在楔角为7.6°的时候可以控制图像漂移在一个像元以内,并在400～900 nm的工作波段范围内满足稳定成像的要求.     

Design and analysis of a noncollinear acousto-optic tunable filter

The design of the noncollinear acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF) is commonly based on the parallel tangents momentum-matching condition. Previous studies either have used an approximation of the birefringence of the interaction material or have ignored the rotatory property of TeO(2). These approaches would obviously decrease the accuracy of designing an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF). We introduce an analysis method of calculating the optimum incident optical angle. Besides, an appropriate optical wedge on the output optical facet is designed to reduce the wavelength dependence of the diffracted beam angle, which is very significant in practical applications of AOTF.