Al3O3N纳米线的制备与表征

在H2+Ar混合气氛中加入少许N2+O2气氛,采用直流电弧等离子体法制备了Al3O3N纳米线.用XRD,SEM,TEM,HRTEM测定了纳米线的成分、形貌特征、显微结构等.Al3O3N纳米线直径分布为25-110 nm,长度达5.5μm.Al3O3N纳米线是尖晶石结构.另外,对Al3O3N纳米线的生长机理进行了研究.     

Y3Al5O12:Ce3+的余辉和热释光特性

高温固相法合成了Ce3+掺杂的Y3Al5O12(YAG)样品,研究了样品的结构、光致发光和热释发光性质.X射线衍射分析结果表明合成样品为YAG纯相,稀土离子的少量掺杂不改变基质YAG的结构.荧光光谱测试表明在高温空气气氛下Y2.95Al5O12:Ce4+0.05制备过程中存在Ce4+的自还原现象,一部分Ce4+被自还原为Ce3+,导致531nm黄光宽带发射.弱还原气氛下制备的Y2.95Al5O12:Ce3+0.05在紫外光照射后具有黄色长余辉,余辉时间长达35 min.热释光测试表明在Ce3+掺杂的YAG样品中存在热释发光,在弱还原气氛下制备的样品Y2.95Al5O12:Ce3+0.05的热释光随温度变化曲线上有112℃和256℃两个明显的热释光峰;而在空气气氛下制备的样品Y2.95Al5O12:Ce4+0.05的热释光随温度变化曲线上只有128℃一个明显的热释光峰.通过对比研究,热释发光主要来源于YAG基质中缺陷能级所陷俘的Ce3+.     

分子动力学模拟不同组分下CaO-Al2O3-SiO2系玻璃微观结构的转变

采用分子动力学模拟的方法研究了CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂系玻璃的微观结构，发现Ca/Al=1/2时CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂系玻璃(网硅酸盐体系)并不像传统理论认为的那样是一个完整的三维网络，而是存在一定量的非桥氧，从而从理论上进一步证实了Stebins等人的实验结果.同时也发现不同的Ca/Al比对Si和Al键接方式产生重要影响，在Ca/Al>1/2时，Al比Si容易成为网络的中间体，其首先插入网络体中间；在Ca/Al<1/2时，Si比Al容易成为网络中间体.虽然在能量上Al—O—Si占有扰势，但当Ca/Al从大于1/2变化到小于1/2时，仍有部分Al—O—Si转变成Al—O—Al和Si—O—Si，丰富了Al自回避规则的内容. 关键词： 2O₃-SiO₂')" href="#">CaO-Al₂O₃-SiO₂ 玻璃 微观结构 分子动力学     

Ba2+掺杂对Sr3Al2O6:Eu2+红色荧光粉发光性能的影响

采用高温固相法合成了(Sr1-x-yBax)3Al2O6∶3yEu2+红色荧光材料,通过XRD、荧光光谱和热稳定性测试分析,分别研究了Eu2+、Ba2+掺杂对样品的晶体结构、发光性能和热稳定性的影响。XRD测试结果表明,在1 200℃保温3 h条件下合成了具有立方晶体结构、空间群为Pa3的Sr3Al2O6纯相样品,Eu2+、Ba2+的掺入并没有改变其基质晶格的结构类型。荧光光谱分析表明,Eu2+的摩尔分数为4%时,(Sr0.98-yBa0.02)3Al2O6∶3yEu2+样品的发射峰最强,Ba2+的掺入使样品的发射峰发生红移而发射强度降低,且随Ba2+浓度的增加红移越发明显。此外,Ba2+的掺杂提高了Sr3Al2O6∶Eu2+样品的热稳定性。     

Ce3+/Eu2+共掺Ca3Si2O4N2荧光粉的光学特性

采用高温固相法制备了一种新型的白光LED用Ca3Si2O4N2∶Eu2+,Ce3+,K+荧光粉。利用X射线衍射仪对样品的物相结构进行了分析,结果表明:Ce3+和K+离子的掺杂没有改变Ca3Si2O4N2∶Eu2+荧光粉的主晶相。利用荧光光谱仪对样品的发光性能进行了测试,发现样品在355 nm激发下得到的发射光谱为峰值位于505 nm的单峰,是Eu2+离子5d-4f电子跃迁引起的。Ca3Si2O4N2∶Eu2+荧光粉通过Ce3+和K+离子的掺杂,发光明显增强。当Ce3+的摩尔分数为1%时,荧光粉的发光强度达到最大值,是单掺Eu2+离子荧光粉发光强度的168%。通过光谱重叠的方法计算Ce3+→Eu2+能量传递临界的距离为2.535 nm。     

Mg掺杂对Li(Co,Al)O2电子结构影响的第一原理研究

基于密度泛函理论的第一原理赝势法，研究了Mg在Li(Co，Al)O2中掺杂前后的电子结构的变化.通过能带和态密度的分析,发现Mg掺杂后在价带中引入了电子空穴，同时价带展宽，这两个电子结构的显著变化是引起Li(Co，Al)O2导电率提高的主要机理.通过对Co3d电子态密度的分析发现，在二价Mg掺杂后，Li(Co，Al)O2中的Co价态升高，介于Co3+和Co4+之间.从能带计算出发，进一步定量给出了Co和O的平均价态的变化. 关键词： Li(Co Al)O2 电子结构 第一原理 电导     

同步辐射XAFS研究高比能LiMn2O4材料的局域结构

用EXAFS和XANES技术研究了高温固相反应法合成尖晶石结构的LiMn2O4中Mn原子的局域结构受到焙烧温度的影响.XANES结果表明,B1峰和B2峰强度分别与Mn3+,Mn4+的含量高低相关,焙烧温度愈高,B1峰的强度愈大.EXAFS给出的结构参数结果进一步表明,LiMn2O4(673K)的Mn-O第一配位和MnMn第二配位的无序度σ1(0.0059nm)和σ2(0.0092nm)分别小于及大于LiMn2O4(973K)的σ1(0.0066nm)和σ2(0.0081nm),LiMn2O4(1073K) 关键词： XAFS 局域结构 尖晶石LiMn2O4     

Cu掺杂Ga2O3薄膜的光学性能

采用射频磁控溅射和N2气氛退火处理制备了多晶Ga2O3薄膜和Cu掺杂Ga2O3薄膜.用X射线衍射仪、紫外-可见分光光度计、荧光光谱仪对Ga2O3薄膜和Cu掺杂Ga2O3薄膜的结构和光学性能进行了表征.结果表明,Cu掺杂后Ga2O3薄膜的结晶质量变差,透过率明显降低,吸收率增加,光学带隙减小.本征Ga2O3薄膜在紫外、蓝光和绿光出现了发光带,Cu掺杂后紫外和蓝光发射增强,且在475nm处出现了一个新的发光峰.     

Al_2O_3∶Fe~(3+)体系晶格局域结构的EPR理论研究

本文通过分析Al2 O3 ∶Fe3 + 体系中Fe3 + 离子的EPR谱 ,研究Fe3 + 的局域晶体结构结果表明Al2 O3 ∶Fe3 + 的局域结构存在各向异性膨胀。用拟合EPR谱的低对称参量D和 (a -F)实验值的方法 ,求得两个三棱锥的棱与C3 轴的夹角分别为θ1=4 6 .5 4°和θ2 =6 1.2 6° ,相对于原Al2 O3 结构的畸变角分别是Δθ1=- 1.1°± 0 .1° ,Δθ2 =- 1.8°。两畸变角同时均小于 0说明Al2 O3 ∶Fe3 + 体系中含Fe3 + 离子的晶格主要产生沿C3 轴的伸长畸变     

不同激发波长对Sr3Al2O6∶Eu2+,Dy3+红色长余辉发光材料发射光谱的影响

采用高温固相法合成了Sr3Al2O6∶Eu2+,Dy3+长余辉发光材料。用X射线衍射仪及荧光分光光度计对材料物相及光谱性能进行了分析。结果表明:所得样品为Sr3Al2O6的纯相,在360nm波长的激发下,得到波峰为537nm的宽带发射光谱;在468nm波长的激发下,得到波峰为590nm的宽带发射光谱;在波长为394nm的激发下,537和590nm的峰同时出现。根据晶格场效应和电子云膨胀效应,对不同激发波长对Sr3Al2O6∶Eu2+,Dy3+发射光谱的影响进行了解释。结果表明:在Sr3Al2O6∶Eu2+,Dy3+中发光中心因其5d能级劈裂幅度不同及4f65d1能带重心不同而导致发光颜色的不同。     

Growth Mechanism and Characterization of Single-crystalline Ga-doped SnO2 Nanowires and Self-organized SnO2/Ga2O3 Heterogeneous Microcomb Structures

Ga掺SnO2单晶纳米线和SnO2/Ga2O3自组织异质微米梳是通过简单的热蒸发沉淀法一步制得的,并通过X射线粉末衍射(XRD)、场激发扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线能量散射谱仪(EDS)、选区电子衍射谱(SAED)进行表征．从FE-SEM的图片上可以看出生成的产物具有纳米线和一种新的微米梳状形貌．XRD、SAED和EDS显示他们是单晶四角形的SnO2．产物的主干呈带状,纳米带阵列均匀的分布在主干的一侧或两侧．大量的Ga2O3纳米颗粒沉积在微米梳的表面．主干纳米带主要沿着[100]方向生长, 自组织的纳米带分支则在主干的(100)面上沿着[110]或者[110]方向生长．由于Ga的大量掺杂,光致发光谱的衍射峰发生红移并严重变宽．针对SnO2:Ga2O3异质微米梳的生长过程进行了解释,并讨论了实验条件对形貌的影响．     

Self-assembly of Sb2O3 nanowires into microspheres: Synthesis and characterization

Sb₂O₃ nanowires with diameters of ∼233 nm and microspheres assembled by these nanowires were successfully synthesized by a simple poly-(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP) assisted hydrothermal method. The morphologies, nano/microstructures and optical properties of the as-grown nanowires and microspheres were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and UV-vis diffuse reflection spectrum. It has been found that the experimental parameters, such as mineralizers, played crucial roles in the morphological control of Sb₂O₃ nanowires. The possible growth mechanism of microspheres has been proposed.     

Synthesis of β-Ga2O3 nanowires through microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition

In this study, we demonstrate the large-scale synthesis of beta gallium oxide (β-Ga₂O₃) nanowires through microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition (MPCVD) of a Ga droplet in the H₂O and Ar atmosphere at 600 W. Unlike the commonly used MPCVD method, the H₂O, not mixture of gas, was employed to synthesize the nanowires. The ultra-long β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires with diameters of about 20-30 nm were several tens of micrometers long. The morphology and structure of products were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM). The growth of β-Ga₂O₃ nanowires was controlled by vapor-solid (VS) crystal growth mechanism.     

Synthesis of In-doped Ga2O3 zigzag-shaped nanowires and optical properties

In-doped Ga₂O₃ zigzag-shaped nanowires and undoped Ga₂O₃ nanowires have been synthesized on Si substrate by thermal evaporation of mixed powders of Ga, In₂O₃ and graphite at 1000 °C without using any catalyst via a vapor-solid growth mechanism. The morphologies and microstructures of the products were characterized by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and photoluminescence spectroscopy (PL). The nanowires range from 100 nm to several hundreds of nanometers in diameter and several tens of micrometers in length. A broad emission band from 400 to 700 nm is obtained in the PL spectrum of these nanowires at room temperature. There are two blue-emission peaks centering at 450 and 500 nm, which originate from the oxygen vacancies, gallium vacancies and gallium-oxygen vacancy pairs.     

Microwave-assisted synthesis of Fe3O4 nanorods and nanowires in an ionic liquid

Without using inert gas to prevent the oxidation of Fe²⁺, Fe₃O₄ nanorods and nanowires have been successfully synthesized via a microwave-assisted ionic liquid method (MAIL). Compared to the traditional methods, the whole reaction process can be carried out more easily and faster. Our result shows that temperature and time of microwave heat played important roles in the formation of Fe₃O₄ with different morphologies. These products were characterized by X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TG) and FT-IR spectra.     

Synthesis and characterization of GaN nanowires by ammoniating Ga2O3/Cr thin films deposited on Si(1 1 1) substrates

GaN nanowires have been successfully synthesized on Si(1 1 1) substrates by magnetron sputtering through ammoniating Ga₂O₃/Cr thin films at 950 °C. X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), FT-IR spectrophotometer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and photoluminescence (PL) spectrum were carried out to characterize the microstructure, morphology, and optical properties of GaN samples. The results demonstrate that the nanowires are single-crystal GaN with hexagonal wurtzite structure and high-quality crystalline, have the size of 30-80 nm in diameter and several tens of microns in length with good emission properties. The growth direction of GaN nanowires is perpendicular to the fringe of (1 0 1) plane. The growth mechanism of GaN nanowires is also discussed in detail.     

Growth of single-crystal magnetite nanowires from Fe3O4 nanoparticles in a surfactant-free hydrothermal process

Single-crystal magnetite nanowires with average diameter of ca. 20 nm and length of up to several micrometers were prepared by a simple alkaline surfactant-free hydrothermal process. The crystallinity, purity, morphology, and structural features of the as-prepared magnetite nanowires were investigated by powder X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and selected area electron diffraction. The composition and length of nanowires depends on the pH, with higher pH favoring longer nanowires composed entirely of Fe₃O₄. A mechanism for nanowire growth is proposed.     

Canted antiferromagnetic and optical properties of nanostructures of Mn2O3 prepared by hydrothermal synthesis

We have reported new magnetic and optical properties of Mn2O3 nanostructures.The nanostructures have been synthesized by the hydrothermal method combined with the adjustment of pH values in the reaction system.The particular characteristics of the nanostructures have been analyzed by employing X-Ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM),energy dispersive X-ray(EDX) analysis,transmission electron microscopy(TEM),high resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM),Raman spectroscopy(RS),UV-visible spectroscopy,and the vibrating sample magnetometer(VSM).Structural investigation manifests that the synthesized Mn2O3 nanostructures are orthorhombic crystal.Magnetic investigation indicates that the Mn2O3 nanostructures are antiferromagnetic and the antiferromagnetic transition temperature is at TN=83 K.Furthermore,the Mn2O3 nanostructures possess canted antiferromagnetic order below the Neel temperature due to spin frustration,resulting in hysteresis with large coercivity(1580 Oe) and remnant magnetization(1.52 emu/g).The UV-visible spectrophotometry was used to determine the transmittance behaviour of Mn2O3 nanostructures.A direct optical band gap of 1.2 eV was acquired by using the Davis-Mott model.The UV-visible spectrum indicates that the absorption is prominent in the visible region,and transparency is more than 80% in the UV region.     

Synthesis and characterization of electrodeposited permalloy (Ni80Fe20)/Cu multilayered nanowires

Permalloy (Ni₈₀Fe₂₀)/Cu multilayered nanowires (NWs) were electrodeposited using a template directed method from sulfate baths via pulse potential technique. Microstructures and compositions of the nanowires were characterized using various microscopy and spectroscopy techniques. To synthesize compositionally uniform nanowires with high efficiency, new sulfate baths with a high content of Ni²⁺ were developed. The effects of deposition potential and concentration of metal ions were optimized to reduce composition inhomogeneity and incorporation of copper in the permalloy layers. Composition of the NiFe layers was found to be close to 20 at% Fe with a maximum of 5 at% Cu. TEM analysis indicated that individual nanowires exhibit distinct and coherent layering structure with rough and wavy interfaces. A synthesized single nanowire was also AC dielectrophoretically assembled across the microfabricated gold electrodes for subsequent magnetoresistance measurements.     

Synthesis and characterization of Zn3P2/ZnS core/shell nanowires

Fully-surrounded Zn₃P₂/ZnS core/shell nanowires (NWs) were synthesized for the first time via a two-step method: a catalyst free chemical vapor deposition followed by a low-pressure vulcanization process. Field emission scanning electron microscopy, high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, and high-angle angular dark field scanning transmission electron microscopy were used to characterize the morphologies, crystal structure, and element composition of the core/shell NWs. The band structure analysis demonstrates that the Zn₃P₂/ZnS core-shell NW type-II heterostructures have bright potential in photovoltaic nanodevice applications. The core/shell NW growth method used here can be extended to other material system.