直流磁控溅射沉积含He钛膜的研究

研究了用He/Ar混合溅射气体的直流磁控溅射制备钛膜中，He的掺入现象.分析结果表明，大量的He原子（He/Ti原子比高达56%）被均匀地引入到Ti膜中，其He含量可由混合溅射气体的He分量精确控制.通过调节溅射参数，可实现样品中He的低损伤引入.研究还发现，溅射沉积的含氦Ti膜具有较高的He成泡剂量和高的固He能力，这可能是溅射沉积形成了纳米晶Ti膜所致.纳米晶Ti膜较粗晶材料具有很高浓度的He捕陷中心，使He泡密度增大而泡尺寸减小.随He引入量的增加，Ti膜的晶粒尺寸减小，He引起的晶体点阵参数和X射线衍射峰宽度增大，晶体的无序程度增加.Helium trapping in the Ti films deposited by DC magnetron sputtering with a He/Ar mixture was studied. He atoms with a surprisingly high concentration (He/Ti atomic ratio is as high as 56%)incorporate evenly in deposited film. The trapped amount of He can be controlled by the helium partial amount. The introduction of the helium with no extra damage(or very low damage) can be realized by choosing suitable deposition conditions. It was also found that because of the formation of nanophase Ti film a relative high He flux for bubble formation is needed and the amount of the retain He in sputtering Ti films is much higher than that in the coarse grain Ti films. The nanophase Ti film can accommodate larger concentration of trapped sites to He, which results in a high density and small size of the He bubbles. With the increasing He irradiation flux, the grain size of Ti film decreases and the lattice spacing and width of the X ray diffraction peak increase due to the He introduction, and the film tends to amorphous phase.     

温度对bcc铁中He行为影响的模拟研究

温度对bcc铁中的He行为有重要的影响,基于bcc晶格的晶格动力学蒙特卡罗（Lattice Kinetic Monte Carlo,LKMC）方法,模拟研究了298—1298 K范围内温度对bcc铁中He行为的影响.结果表明：温度对bcc铁中He行为的影响可以分为4个阶段：（1）298—598 K,（2）598—798 K,（3）798—998 K,（4）998—1298 K.第一阶段随着温度的增加,晶粒内He原子浓度略有降低,但He泡中平均He原子个数迅速增加;第二阶段随着温度的增加,晶粒内的He原子浓度迅速降低,但He泡中平均He原子个数几乎不变;第三阶段随着温度的增加,晶粒内的He原子浓度和He泡中平均He原子个数均迅速减少;第四阶段随着温度的增加,晶粒内He原子浓度以及He泡中平均He原子个数均有所增加,到1298 K时,晶粒内He原子浓度与室温时相近,几乎没有He原子从铁晶粒内逃逸出.模拟结果与文献正电子湮灭实验结果有很好的吻合. 关键词： bcc铁 He 晶格动力学蒙特卡罗 温度     

金属Ti中He泡引起的缺陷行为

对金属Ti中He泡的长大行为进行分子动力学模拟，研究He泡周围的缺陷行为及其压力变化，分析He泡的生长机制。     

He注入单晶Si表面形貌的变化研究

沿Si的（100）面注入He离子, 能量为30 keV、 剂量为5×1016 ions/cm2。 注入后样品切成几块, 在真空炉中分别做退火处理, 退火温度从600 ℃到1 000 ℃, 退火时间均为30 min。 利用原子力显微镜研究了各个样品表面形貌的演化。 发现样品表面形貌与退火温度相关联。 假设在气泡中He原子与空位的比值很高, 导致样品内部存在高压的He泡, 从而使样品表面形貌发生变化。 探讨了在Si中He泡随退火温度的演化和He原子在材料中的释放机制及其对表面的影响。     

He—LiH的从头算势能面

采用超分子CCSD(T)方法和由键函数3s3p2d1f组成的大基组，计算得到了He—LiH体系的全程势能面。计算结果表明该势能面存在2个势阱：较深的势阱在Rm=4．25a0，阱深为177．53cm^-1，对应于线性He—LiH构型；较浅的势阱在Rm=10．0a0处，阱深仅为9．88cm^-1，对应于线性He—HLi构型。     

金属Ti中He扩散的分子动力学模拟

研究材料中He原子的行为对提高贮氚材料的固氦性能十分必要，相对He行为的实验研究，理论模拟方面对其行为机理的研究相对薄弱。本文应用分子动力学（Molecular Dynamics）研究He原子在hcp结构金属Ti中的行为规律。     

高He通量注入条件下F/M和ODS钢中纳米微结构对He泡形核和长大的影响

利用LEAF装置提供的2 MeV的He离子,在500和600 °C分别对新型F/M钢-SIMP钢和ODS钢(MA956和Eurofer-ODS钢)注入1×1017 ions/cm2的高通量He离子,借助透射电子显微镜,表征了辐照后三种材料的肿胀行为,验证了各材料中纳米微结构(晶界,析出相和纳米氧化物)对辐照后He泡成核和长大的影响。结果表明,基于材料中晶界和析出相对He泡生长的抑制作用,温度为500 °C时,SIMP和Eurofer-ODS钢表现出较高的抗辐照肿胀性能,而MA956中纳米界面He泡成核和长大作用不明显,表现出较差的抗辐照肿胀性能;此外,温度为600 °C时,Eurofer-ODS钢由于其晶界和氧化物界面的较强作用,表现出较好的抗辐照肿胀性能。总体来说,在高He通量注入条件下,材料中纳米结构的存在会抑制He泡长大的过程,但不同材料中纳米结构对He影响作用不同。     

非束缚核9He的实验研究

简要介绍了目前有关非稳定核^9He的实验和理论研究现状．现代壳模型理论计算表明。He的基态自旋宇称为1／2^+，而不是1／2^-，即存在自旋宇称翻转现象．到目前为止，实验上虽然观测到了^9He的几个共振态，但还不能确认其基态的能量和自旋宇称值．利用新的实验技术——逆运动学弹性共振散射，对^9He核进行研究，给出了共振态的自旋宇称可能的取值范围．在ISOL型次级束装置上的实验有望能给出^9He核能级的精确测量．The status of theoretical and experimental investigations on unbound nucleus()~(9)He is briefly introduced. The results of modern shell model suggest that the ground state of~(9)He should be 1/2~(+) instead of 1/2~(- )as expected by the normal shell ordering. Therefore, it means that the parity inversion which was well known in~(11)Be occurs also in~(9)He ground state. Recently, some resonance states were observed in transfer reactions and final-state reaction, but their spin-parities cannot be exact...     

初态波函数对电子与He原子碰撞同时电离激发反应的影响

在电子碰撞He原子同时电离同时激发的（e, 2e）反应中,利用DWBA模型,考虑了入射通道基态He原子两种不同的初态波函数,计算了He原子同时电离激发反应的三重微分截面(TDCS),并与实验数据进行比较。结果表明,有关联的Sliverman波函数计算得到的TDCS与实验数据吻合的更好点。     

^8He的电荷分布半径

^8He原子核中包含2个质子,6个中子,是氦元素中最重的同位素,也是地球上中子一质子比最大的核素．最近,美国、法国、加拿大的一个联合研究组第一次成功地测量了其电荷分布半径,结果显示,^8He原子核中质子分布的半径为1．93fm,比^8He（2．068fm）要小．也就是说,质量较轻的^8He核中质子的空间分布反而更大．     

混合物物态方程的计算

 在采用体积相加原理计算混合物物态方程的基础上,建立了一种物理模型确定混合物温度。根据混合物中各组分温度和压强平衡条件,采用压强-密度迭代方法计算给出混合物物态方程,编制了两种组分的混合物物态方程计算程序。为检验建立的温度模型的合理性及程序的有效性,分析了不同密度、温度状态的氢（H2）和钨（W）组成的混合物状态参量,计算了以下情形及其组合情形的混合物物态方程：H₂和W以不同质量比混合;质量比固定,单组分状态不同;温度区间和密度区间不同。研究表明:实际应用中在建立的混合物温度模型基础上确定的混合物物态方程是合理的。     

分子费米共振拉曼光谱强度分析

测量了CCl₄和CS₂分子的Raman光谱。用Bertran理论和群论等相关理论对其光谱强度进行了分析,获得了发生费米共振分子的拉曼光谱强度的特殊规律： (1)发生费米共振的基频和倍频(和频)间发生能量转移,两光谱强度大小相互接近,当发生费米共振的基频和倍频(和频)间距离很小时,两发生费米共振的光谱强度相等(R=1);(2)能出现倍频光谱强度高于其基频光谱强度;(3)也会观测到费米共振光谱,而观测不到参与费米共振的和频中的基频光谱。此研究对化学、材料科学中的分子结构、材料成分等研究中的谱线认证、归属有很好的参考价值。     

Asymptotic properties of sequences of iterates of nonlinear transformations

By considering functions defined on the unit interval with a single zero minimum and a single unit maximum we are led to a version of the doubling or universal transformation. The fixed point functions of this doubling transformation have certain invariance properties under conjugacy. These invariance properties lead to a widening of the concept of universality to power law conjugacy classes in which the Feigenbaum divergence parameter is a function only of the product of the powers with which iterating functions approach unity at the maximum and zero at the minimum. We also construct an effective method for computing the divergence parameter from iterates, and derivatives of iterates, generated by the appropriate fixed point function.On leave from Mathematics Department, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia.     

BSA-SDS-Ag聚合物纳米微粒的制备及其水凝胶性质的研究（Ⅰ）

报道了BSA－SDS－Ag聚合物纳米微粒的制备及水凝胶的性质,用X射线衍射（XRD）、透射电镜（TEM）、傅里叶变换红外（FT－IR）光谱考察了这种聚合物微粒的结构,微粒粒径32nm左右,用UV／Vis光谱及SEM考察了冰凝胶的性,表明Ag^ 离子先与BSA产生化学键合,再学原了Ag粒,进行聚合成网状结构的聚合物。     

Infrared Quantitative Study of Acetylation of Microspheres of Polystyrene

Abstract

Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy has been used to study quantitatively the acetylation of monodisperse polystyrene microspheres with diameters ranging from 7 to 9μm. The CH₂ stretching infrared vibration mode at 2921 cm^?1 was used as the internal intensity standard. The acetylation extent could be easily measured by comparing the relative intensities of the bands of acetyl group (1678, 1415, 1359 cm^?1) or the bands due to the para-substituted benzene ring to the band at 2921 cm^?1 from the calibration curve.     

Basin of attraction of cycles of discretizations of dynamical systems with SRB invariant measures

Computer simulations of dynamical systems arediscretizations, where the finite space of machine arithmetic replaces continuum state spaces. So any trajectory of a discretized dynamical system is eventually periodic. Consequently, the dynamics of such computations are essentially determined by the cycles of the discretized map. This paper examines the statistical properties of the event that two trajectories generate the same cycle. Under the assumption that the original system has a Sinai-Ruelle-Bowen invariant measure, the statistics of the computed mapping are shown to be very close to those generated by a class of random graphs. Theoretical properties of this model successfully predict the outcome of computational experiments with the implemented dynamical systems.     

Application of the method of X-ray fluorescence analysis for determination of the degree of chlorination of copper phthalocyanin

To whom correspondence should be addressd.     

Electron microscopy study of aggregation of microclusters of sulphur

A study of aggregation of sulphur particles in colloidal suspension of sulphur in water-methanol mixture using TEM and electron diffraction is reported. From the micrographs the aggregates formed have been found to be random and tenuous indicating a fractal structure. The electron diffraction patterns of the aggregates are used to study the mechanism of diffusion and reaction limited aggregation.     

傅里叶望远镜外场实验性能改进和结果分析

为了实现对傅里叶望远镜成像系统更接近实际的仿真,改进了外场实验系统结构。采用反射式目标,利用准直扩束镜替代空间滤波器和准直透镜,使用大靶面电荷耦合器件作为监视器。在无大气和包含200m水平大气两种情况下,分别对2.5mm的4种不同空间频谱分布目标进行实验。实验选用9×9,17×17,33×33和65×65傅里叶分量分别进行重构。最高成像角分辨率为3.5″。结果表明含大气与无大气重构结果的Strehl比值相近,从而证明傅里叶望远镜成像系统能够克服下行链路低阶大气扰动的影响。