一个基于Hölder积分不等式的格点规范场论变分方法

用Hölder积分不等式使出现在格点模型配分函数中的高重群积分退耦, 并以不等式中的任意参数作为变分参数, 可以求出体系元格自由能的下限. 我们计算了Wilson作用量的四维Z₂ 、U(1)、 SU(2)纯规范格点模型的内能曲线. Z₂的一级相变点在β=0.4—0.45处是非常明显的. 但不能发现U(1), SU(2)、的高于一级的相变点.     

双二次交换作用和各向异性对反铁磁体相变温度的影响

本文基于双时格林函数方法,通过对不同格点和同格点的高阶格林函数分别采用Tyablikov和Callen退耦近似,系统研究了双二次型交换作用和各向异性对简单立方晶格反铁磁模型相变的影响.得到了相变温度的解析表达式,发现相变温度随着各向异性的增强而升高,但随着双二次型相互作用的增强而下降.     

一个基于Hlder积分不等式的格点规范场论变分方法

用Hlder积分不等式使出现在格点模型配分函数中的高重群积分退耦,并以不等式中的任意参数作为变分参数,可以求出体系元格自由能的下限。我们计算了Wilson作用量的四维Z_2,U(1)、SU(2)纯规范格点模型的内能曲线,Z_2的一级相变点在β=0.4—0.45处是非常明显的。但不能发现U(1),SU(2)、的高于一级的相变点。     

考虑信号灯影响的交通流模型与数值模拟

基于信号灯交通系统中跟车行为的特点，改进了现有跟车方程，提出一个考虑信号影响的交通流模型.数值计算结果表明，该模型可以很好地再现车流的聚集与消散、停车波和启动波的演化规律及传播特性，证明模型是合理有效的.     

格点规范理论中Fokker-Planck方程的平均场解

将格点规范理论中的演化分布函数逐步地分解为单链变量分布函数的乘积,我们得到了Fokker-Planck方程的平均场近似解.     

奇A Tm同位素链及[411 1/2]带退耦参数性质的研究

用准粒子组态相关的宏观一微观推转模型计算了奇A核^157一173Tm同位素链的基态、低激发态形变以及这些核的[411 1/2]奇质子带的退耦参数,并与实验结果进行了比较,着重分析了γ形变对奇ATm同位素链的退耦参数的影响,进而指出¹⁵⁷Tm的退耦参数异常可能是由于带相互作用引起的,讨论了退耦参数对Nilsson参数和形变参数的敏感程度.     

截断部分相干厄米-高斯光束的广义M_G~2因子

基于广义截断二阶矩法,推导出了截断部分相干厄米-高斯（H-G）光束的广义M2G因子的解析表达式.截断完全相干H-G光束、截断高斯谢尔模型（GSM）光束以及截断高斯光束可以做为本文结果的特例给出.研究表明：截断部分相干H-G光束的广义M2G因子与截断参数δ,模阶数m以及相干参数α有关.当δ非常小时,M2G因子出现奇偶分群现象,即m为奇数的M2G因子互相非常接近,m为偶数的M2G因子互相非常接近,但当δ增大时这种现象逐渐消失.对于截断GSM光束,任意具有不同δ值的M2G因子随α变化的两曲线之间一定存在交叉现象.但是,对于截断部分相干H-G光束的M2G因子,则不一定会发生这种交叉现象.此外,m越大,M2G因子受参数δ的影响越大,可以忽略光阑效应的δ也越大.     

考虑信号灯影响的交通流模型与数值模拟

基于信号灯交通系统中跟车行为的特点,改进了现有跟车方程,提出一个考虑信号影响的交通流模型.数值计算结果表明,该模型可以很好地再现车流的聚集与消散、停车波和启动波的演化规律及传播特性,证明模型是合理有效的. 关键词： 交通流模型 信号灯 停车波 启动波     

基于神经网络的系泊系统主动式截断试验仿真

系泊系统主动式截断试验技术对缆索数值模型的求解速度有着较高的要求,而基于集中质量模型或有限元模型的缆索数值模型在计算时需要在每个时间步内迭代求解,因此求解速度缓慢。为解决此问题,采用神经网络辨识得到缆索上端点与截断点运动的时域等价近似模型。该等价模型在每个时间步内无需迭代求解,因此求解速度快于传统的缆索数值模型。同时利用商软OrcaFlex以及Matlab搭建了系泊系统主动式截断试验的仿真平台,将离线辨识得到的神经网络模型代替集中质量模型对缆索截断点运动进行求解。通过对比截断水深以及全水深下张力以及运动结果,说明了神经网络模型代替传统数值模型进行截断点运动计算的可行性。     

Dicke模型的量子经典对应关系

非旋波近似条件下Dicke模型表现为量子混沌动力学特征.在详细考察Dicke模型经典相空间结构特点的基础上,采用经典-量子"一对多"的思想,即经典相空间中的一点对应于量子体系两个初始相干态的演化,利用对两个初态量子纠缠动力学演化取统计平均的方法,得到了与经典相空间对应非常好的量子相空间结构.数值计算结果表明:经典混沌有利地促进系统两体纠缠的产生,平均纠缠可以作为量子混沌的标识,利用平均纠缠可以得到一种较好的量子动力学与经典相空间的对应关系. 关键词： Dicke模型 非旋波近似 量子混沌 经典量子对应     

Discrete stochastic evolution rules and continuum evolution equations

The continuum evolution equations are derived from updating rules for three classes of stochastic models. The first class corresponds to models whose stochastic continuum equations are of the Langevin type obtained after carrying out a “local average” known as coarse-graining. The second class consists of a hierarchy of continuum equations for the correlations of the dynamical variables obtained after making an average over realizations. This average generates a hierarchy of deterministic partial differential equations except when the dynamical variables do not depend on the values of the neighboring dynamical variables, in which case a hierarchy of ordinary differential equations is obtained. The third class of evolution equations for the correlations of the dynamical variable constitutes another hierarchy after calculating an average over both realizations and all the sites of the lattice. This double average generates a hierarchy of deterministic ordinary differential equations. The second and third classes of equations are truncated using a mean field (m,n)-closure approximation in order to obtain a finite set of equations. Illustrative examples of every class are given.     

高速车随机延迟逐步加速交通流元胞自动机模型

提出介于Nagel-Schreckenberg(NS)模型和Fukui-Ishibashi(FI)模型之间的一种新的一维交通流元胞自动机模型. 此模型采用NS模型中的车辆逐步加速方式,和FI模型中的仅最大速车可随机减速的车辆延迟方式.证明新模型的基本图,即车流渐近稳态的平均速度与道路上的车辆密度之间的函数关系与FI模型的完全相同.这也就是说,只允许最高速车辆可发生延迟的FI交通流模型,如果将其突然无限制加速方式(车辆可在一个时步内从零速加速到最高速限M或车头距离所允许的最大速度),改变为车辆的逐步有限加速 关键词： 交通流 元胞自动机模型 相变基本图 Nagel-Schreckenberg模型 Fukui-Ishibashi模型     

决定论性逐步加速交通流模型的渐近稳态行为

研究Nagel-Schreckenberg(NS)交通流元胞自动机模型在不考虑车辆随机延迟情况下的决定论性模型的基本图,即渐近稳态的车流平均速度作为车辆密度的函数关系．证明决定论性NS模型,在车流的自组织作用下,其渐近稳态的基本图,与决定论性Fukui-Ishibashi(FI)交通流模型的基本图完全相同．这个结果表明,若把FI交通流模型中的车辆突然加速方式（即车辆速度可以在仅仅一个时步内加速到其最高速限M或前方空距所允许的最大速度）,改变为车辆逐步加速方式（车辆速度在每一时步中最多仅能增加一个速度单位）,则车辆的自组织相互作用,并不会改变其车流的长时间渐近稳态行为． 关键词：     

两量子比特非线性相互作用模型中的量子关联

运用量子态变换的方法论证了两个qubit纯态中量子关联与纠缠的等价性.并利用三种带有横场的非线性相互作用模型研究了两个qubit体系中的量子关联.发现合适的横场对于最大量子关联态的获得、平均量子关联的提高都有着积极的作用.两个qubit体系获得最大量子关联时,不同模型,不同的横场,对应的量子态却各不相同.     

Cellular automaton models of driven diffusive Frenkel-Kontorova-type systems

Three cellular automaton models of increasing complexity are introduced to model driven diffusive systems related to the generalized Frenkel-Kontorova (FK) models recently proposed by Braun et al. [Phys. Rev. E 58, 1311 (1998)]. The models are defined in terms of parallel updating rules. Simulation results are presented for these models. The features are qualitatively similar to those models defined previously in terms of sequentially updating rules. Essential features of the FK model such as phase transitions, jamming due to atoms in the immobile state, and hysteresis in the relationship between the fraction of atoms in the running state and the bias field are captured. Formulating in terms of parallel updating rules has the advantage that the models can be treated analytically by following the time evolution of the occupation on every site of the lattice. Results of this analytical approach are given for the two simpler models. The steady state properties are found by studying the stable fixed points of a closed set of dynamical equations obtained within the approximation of retaining spatial correlations only up to two nearest-neighboring sites. Results are found to be in good agreement with numerical data.     

Tracking of time-evolving sound speed profiles with an auto-regressive state-space model

An approach for time-evolving sound speed profiles tracking in shallow water is discussed.The inversion of time-evolving sound speed profiles is modeled as a state-space estimation problem,which includes a state equation for predicting the time-evolving sound speed profile and a measurement equation for incorporating local acoustic measurements.In the paper,auto-regression(AR) method is introduced to obtain a high-order AR evolution model of the sound speed field time variations,and the ensemble Kalman filter is utilized to track the sound speed field.To validate the approach,the accuracy in sound speed estimation is analyzed via a numerical implementation using the ASIAEX experimental environment and the sound velocity measurement data.Compared with traditional approaches based on the state evolution represented as a random walk,simulation results show the proposed AR method can effectively reduce the tracking errors of sound speed,and still keep good tracking performance at low signal-to-noise ratios.     

Influence of Initial Correlations on Evolution of a Subsystem in a Heat Bath and Polaron Mobility

A regular approach to accounting for initial correlations, which allows to go beyond the unrealistic random phase (initial product state) approximation in deriving the evolution equations, is suggested. An exact homogeneous (time-convolution and time-convolutionless) equations for a relevant part of the two-time equilibrium correlation function for the dynamic variables of a subsystem interacting with a boson field (heat bath) are obtained. No conventional approximation like RPA or Bogoliubov’s principle of weakening of initial correlations is used. The obtained equations take into account the initial correlations in the kernel governing their evolution. The solution to these equations is found in the second order of the kernel expansion in the electron–phonon interaction, which demonstrates that generally the initial correlations influence the correlation function’s evolution in time. It is explicitly shown that this influence vanishes on a large timescale (actually at \(t\rightarrow \infty \)) and the evolution process enters an irreversible kinetic regime. The developed approach is applied to the Fröhlich polaron and the low-temperature polaron mobility (which was under a long-time debate) is found with a correction due to initial correlations.     

自回归状态空间模型下时变声速剖面跟踪方法

讨论了一种适用于浅海的时变声速剖面跟踪方法。该方法将时变水体声速剖面的反演问题建模为由描述声速剖面时变特性的状态方程与包含声压场局部测量信息的测量方程组成的状态-空间模型,提出利用自回归分析拟合方法将声速场扰动建模为高阶自回归演化模型,并通过集合卡尔曼滤波序贯地估计时间演化的海洋声速场。利用2001年亚洲海实验环境与声速测量数据,仿真分析了基于高阶自回归演化模型的时变声速剖面集合卡尔曼滤波估计方法。结果表明,相比于利用传统随机游走状态演化模型的估计方法,该改进方法可有效降低声速的跟踪误差,并且在较低信噪比条件下仍具有较好的跟踪性能。      

Study of the ferromagnetic transition in a positionally frozen Heisenberg spin system

Using extensive Monte Carlo simulations with both particle and cluster orientational moves, in conjunction with finite size scaling and histogram reweighting techniques, we have determined the Curie temperature for two models of positionally frozen Heisenberg spin systems: a system with spatial correlations corresponding to a hard sphere fluid and a spatially random system. We find that the results for the positionally frozen hard sphere Heisenberg system are fairly similar to those previously obtained for the Heisenberg spin fluid and quantitatively agree with the mean field theory estimates. The random system undergoes the ferromagnetic transition at a higher temperature since the lack of core repulsion increases the spin correlations. In this case however the mean field theory overestimates by far the critical temperature.     

STRICT DERIVATION OF MEAN FIELD EQUATION FOR ONE-DIMENSIONAL TRAFFIC FLOW MODEL

A new analysis method is presented for the study of Fukui-Ishibashi deterministic one-dimensional traffic flow cellular automaton model of high speed car on highway. By using this method, the exact mean field equation describing the fundamental diagram curve of average traffic speed versus the car density on highway can be derived strictly.