无序电阻网络中的最大电流研究

本文证明,一个无序电阻网络中的平均最大电流可标度为(JnL)^α,这里L为网络的线度,而幂指数α不仅与维数和电导率之比有关,而且还与缺陷的端角β有关。这个结论是从分析含通道的漏斗形缺陷中的电位和电流分布得到的。文中还对Machta等人和DBL理论预言过的,当σ₂→0时幂指数α的差异,提出一个定性的解释。 关键词：     

平面无穷网络的等效电阻（上）

平面无穷网络的等效电阻（上）石长春，李翌，张霖涛，韦韬北京大学物理系９２级，北京大学物理系９３级，北京１００８７１）从所周知，对于由各段电阻均为ｒ的电阻丝构成的平面正方形无穷网络，很容易求得相邻两节点之间的等效电阻为ｒ／２．但要计算两个不相邻节点之间...     

n级梯形电阻网络的研究

介绍了n级梯形电阻网络的等效电阻计算方法，并得到其具体表示公式。     

两组份复合材料光学非线性性质的临界行为

对两组份非线性复合材料的光学非线性性质的临界行为进行了研究。考虑第一组份为非线性材料,其电流、电压间服从I=g1V x1V^β关系;而第二组份为线性材料,电流、电压间满足I—g2V,其中g1,x1是第一组份的线性电导和光学非线性极化率,g2是第二组份的线性电导,β是第一组份材料的光学非线性指数。分别采用了有效介质近似和相对电阻涨落的标度理论两种方法计算了系统有效响应的临界指数随光学非线性指数及维数的变化规律。用不同的方法得到系统的有效线性电导g和有效光学非线性极化率xe(β)的临界指数M(β)和N(β)的结论也不同。有效介质近似得到M(β)=1和N(β)=(β 1)/2,即M(β)与β和d都无关,而N(β)只与有β关而与d无关;而相对电阻涨落标度理论方法得到的M(β)和N(β)与β和d都有关。     

四端星-网电阻网络的等效变换及其应用

导出了四端星-网(全网)电阻网络的等效变换式,并应用它求出几例特殊复杂电阻网络(非串非并电路)的等效电阻.     

规则联接的多边形电阻网络的等效电阻研究

规则联接的多边形电阻网络可以简化为两部分相同的电阻网络的并联,将其中一部分变换为梯形电阻网络,针对奇数边形和偶数边形对应的梯形网络不同,经过相应的变换得到了规则联接的多边形电阻网络的表达式,这一结论也适用于规则联接的多边形电容网络.     

有限梯形电阻网络等效电阻的一个有效近似计算公式

利用n阶有限梯形电阻网络等效电阻值与无限梯形电阻网络的等效电阻值差的关系,给出n阶有限梯形电阻网络等效电阻的近似计算公式,数值计算表明所给近似计算公式对于计算有限梯形电阻网络等效电阻精确程度较高.     

用单臂电桥测量低值电阻

我们知道,在测量中值电阻(10～10~5Ω)时,通常不去考虑连接导线本身的电阻以及导线、元件与接线柱间的接触电阻对测量结果的影响。但是,当测量的对象为低值电阻(1～10~(-6)Ω)时,接线电阻和接触电阻(约为10~(-2)～10~(-3)Ω)的影响就不能再忽略了。     

光谱法研究闪电回击放电通道的电阻及电流的热效应

闪电放电通道的电阻及电流产生的热效应对雷电灾害研究以及防护设计都具有重要意义,放电通道的热力学特性与其等离子体辐射光谱密切相关。利用无狭缝摄谱仪获得的两次云对地多回击闪电放电的等离子体辐射光谱,依据谱线波长、强度等信息,结合同步地面电场变化资料,应用空气等离子体传输理论,计算了闪电回击放电通道的电导率、峰值电流、核心通道半径,进而得到了闪电回击等离子体通道单位长度的电阻、峰值电流时的热功率及在回击初始前5 μs内通道储存的热能。并与常规金属导体进行比较,分析了闪电回击放电在峰值电流时等离子体通道的热功率与电阻、电流平方之间的相关性关系。结果表明：利用光谱研究得到的闪电放电通道的电阻为0.04～8.41 Ω·m-1、峰值电流时的热功率为0.88×108～2.20×108 W·m-1、回击初始前5 μs内通道储存的热能为1.47×102～3.66×102 J·m-1,以上结果与文献报道的利用其他方法得到的结果相比,在合理的范围内;与常规金属导体相比,闪电回击放电等离子体通道在峰值电流时的热功率与电阻成正比,但与电流的平方呈指数减小的关系;由于闪电等离子体通道的电阻与温度的3/2次方成反比,通常回击放电通道中峰值电流越大,通道温度越高,而电阻会迅速降低,因此热功率也会急剧减小。此结论进一步验证了采用欧姆加热方法加热等离子体的致命缺点。     

惠斯通电桥测电阻的误差分析

1 惠斯通电桥的实验原理 如图,当电桥平衡时,V_(DB)=0,I_G=0,有I_lR_x=I_2R_0 I_1R_1=I_2R_2 R_x=(R_1/R_2)r_0 (1) 如果比较臂电阻R_0和比率臂R_1/R_2为已知,则待测电阻R_x可求出.2 惠斯通电桥测电阻的误差 用电阻箱自组惠斯通电桥测电阻的误差,主要来源于桥臂电阻的误差及灵敏度引起的测量误差。     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...