甲基百里酚蓝-铜（Ⅱ）络合物与白蛋白的相互作用

在模拟动物体生理条件下,采用荧光光谱、紫外-可见光谱法研究了甲基百里酚蓝-铜(Ⅱ)络合物与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用.实验表明,MTB-Cu(Ⅱ)络合物与BSA之间为一形成复合物的静态猝灭过程.根据Stern-Volmer方程和Lineweaver-Burk方程求出了其结合常数(295K:3.449×105L·mol-1;310K:2.792×105L·mol-1)和热力学参数(△H=-10.71kJ·mol-1;△S=69.69J·K-1/69.71J·K-1;△G=-31.27kJ·mol-1/-32.32kJ·mol-1).证明二者主要以静电力作用,该过程是一个熵增加、Gibbs自由能降低的自发超分子过程.依据Foerster理论求出了结合距离r=2.25nm,阐明了猝灭机制是通过能量转移产生的.     

同步荧光法研究Hg(Ⅱ)-罗丹明B酰肼与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

在三羟甲基氨基甲烷-盐酸缓冲溶液条件下(pH 5.0),用同步荧光和紫外-可见分光光度法研究了Hg(Ⅱ)-罗丹明B酰肼(RBH)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)相互作用的机理。实验结果表明,BSA的加入可猝灭Hg(Ⅱ)-罗丹明B酰肼(RBH)的荧光。由摩尔比法求得Hg(Ⅱ)-罗丹明B酰肼(RBH)光谱探针与BSA的结合比约为5:1,结合常数K△=1.0×10~6L·mol~(-1)(25℃)。不同温度下(298,308K)实验得到的热力学参数(△H~θ=-29.5kJ·mol~(-1),△S~θ=16.3J·mol~(-1)·K~(-1))表明维持Hg(Ⅱ)-罗丹明B酰肼(RBH)与BSA的相互作用力主要是以静电作用力为主。通过对Hg(Ⅱ)-罗丹明B酰肼(RBH)和牛血清白蛋白结合反应的研究,建立了一种检测蛋白质的新方法。     

荧光光谱法研究四苯基-锌金属卟啉与蛋白质的相互作用机理

利用荧光光度法研究了meso-四(4-羟基苯基)卟啉-锌金属卟啉(TPP-Zn)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的结合反应。TPP-Zn对于BSA有荧光猝灭作用,基于TPP-Zn对BSA内源荧光的猝灭机理,测定了两者之间在不同温度下的结合常数,温度在27,35和42 ℃时,利用荧光猝灭法测得的结合常数K分别为1.521×106 L·mol-1,7.048×105 L·mol-1,1.473×105 L·mol-1,各温度下的最大扩散碰撞猝灭速率常数K_q均大于2.0×1010 L·mol-1·s-1,由此判定猝灭类型为静态猝灭。根据Frster非辐射能量转移理论,确定了TPP-Zn与BSA之间的能量转移效率E,能量给体(BSA)与受体(TPP-Zn)之间的结合距离r=3.72<7 nm,符合非辐射能量转移条件。依据热力学参数ΔG<0,ΔH<0和ΔS>0确定了TPP-Zn与BSA之间的作用力主要是静电引力。     

光谱法研究文多灵碱与牛血清白蛋白的键合

利用荧光增敏光谱法结合紫外光谱法研究了文多灵碱与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用.实验所得到的热力学参数表明维持药物与蛋白质的相互作用力主要是疏水作用和氢键(依据范德霍夫公式计算得△H0与△S0的值分别为-9.03kJ·mol-1和76.83J·mol-1·K-1).根据荧光增敏的有关方程分别求得不同温度下(298K,308 K和318K)药物与蛋白相互作用的结合常数及结合位点数;从紫外光谱获得的信息定性地讨论了药物与蛋白的相互作用时药物对蛋白微环境的影响.且利用Foerster能量转移理论,求得药物与蛋白间的键合距离为6.62nm.此外,基于文多灵碱的荧光敏化效应,首次探讨了药物-蛋白质体系的几种物理化参数,包括电荷密度、离解常数(pKa)及量子产率的变化效应,及共存离子对药物-蛋白质体系结合常数的影响.     

葛根素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

应用荧光光谱法研究了生理条件下(pH7.4)葛根素(PUE)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。结果表明,葛根素对BSA荧光的猝灭机制属于形成复合物的静态猝灭过程,求得其猝灭常数为7.29×1012 L·mol-1·s-1,结合常数为5.04×104 L·mol-1;根据Frster非辐射能量转移理论,测得葛根素在BSA中的结合位置与色氨酸残基间的距离为3.35 nm;探讨了葛根素对蛋白质空间结构的影响及其相互作用机理;考察了体内某些共存金属离子对葛根素与BSA结合作用的影响。     

长春新碱与牛血清白蛋白相互作用研究

利用紫外、荧光和圆二色光谱研究了不同温度下长春新碱(VCR)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)之间的相互作用。通过荧光猝灭数据算得在 296,303和310 K时,VCR与BSA的猝灭常数K_SV分别为2.0×104,1.7×104和1.5×104 L·mol-1,结合常数K_a分别为1.5×104,9.5×103和4.9×103 L·mol-1,结合位点数分别为0.978 6,0.949 0和0.891 1,表明VCR与BSA间具有较强的结合作用,但结合能随着温度的升高而降低,是形成复合物的静态猝灭。圆二色光谱 (CD)数据表明相互作用后BSA的二级结构发生了改变：BSA的α-螺旋的含量从33.5％下降到 29.7％,β-折叠的含量从13.6％升高到18.4％。通过Van′t Hoff方程,计算出热力学常数焓变(ΔH)和熵变(ΔS) 分别为：－62.7 kJ·mol-1和－129.38 J·（mol-1·K）－１,表明氢键和范德华力在VCR与BSA结合中处于主导作用。     

荧光光谱法研究虎杖苷与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

在不同温度下,采用荧光光谱,紫外-可见吸收光谱研究了虎杖苷与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。虎杖苷对BSA的荧光有较强的猝灭作用。根据292K和311K时虎杖苷对BSA的荧光猝灭作用,利用Stern-Volmer方程及双倒数方程处理实验数据,表明虎杖苷对BSA的荧光猝灭作用属于动态猝灭过程,根据Foerster非辐射能量转移理论计算出了虎杖苷与BSA间的结合距离r=3.61nm,结合常数(Kb)分别为5.189×105L·mol-1(292K),1.382×105L·mol-1(311K)及对应温度下的热力学参数。实验结果表明二者主要靠疏水作用力结合,采用同步荧光光谱探讨了虎杖苷对BSA构象的影响。     

粉防己碱与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

利用荧光光培和紫外-可见吸收光谱,研究了粉防己碱与BSA相瓦作用的光谱学行为.研究结果表明,粉防己碱埘BSA有较强的荧光猝灭作用,静态猝灭和非辐射能量转移是导致粉防己碱猝火BSA内源荧光的主要原因.利用Stern-Volmer方程处理实验数据,获得了猝火常数Ksv,不同温度下的Ksv分别为1.26×104 L·mol-1(300 K),1.17×104 L·mol-1(310 K),1.12×104 L·mol-1(320 K).根据Forster非辐射能量转移理论计算出了粉防己碱与BSA间的结合距离r(300 K:3.24 nm;310 K:3.31 nm;320 K:3.50nm).此外,还求得了粉防己碱与BSA的结合常数KA(300 K:1.52×105 L·mol-1;310 K:2.03×105 L·mol-1;320 K:2.89×105 L·mol-1)及相应温度下的热力学参数,热力学数据表明二者主要靠疏水作用力结合.粉防己碱与BSA相互作用的同步荧光光谱表明,二者的结合对BSA构象产生了影响.     

荧光法对姜黄素与牛血清白蛋白相互作用的研究

应用荧光光谱法研究了生理条件下(pH7.4)姜黄素(Curcumin)与牛血清白蛋白(BSA)的相互作用。实验结果表明,姜黄素对BSA产生荧光猝灭作用,其机理属于静态猝灭过程。T=310K时,其猝灭常数为1.388×1012L.mol-1.s-1,表观结合常数为2.387×104L.mol-1。根据Foerster非辐射能量转移理论,测得姜黄素在BSA中的结合位置与色氨酸残基间的距离为4.43nm。探讨了姜黄素对BSA构象的影响及结合机理,考察了体内某些共存金属离子对姜黄素与BSA结合作用的影响。     

荧光光谱法研究四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉铅与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用

利用荧光光谱法研究了溶液pH值、溶剂种类和不同浓度的四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉铅与牛血清白蛋白的相互作用,实验结果表明:四(对甲氧基苯基)卟啉铅对BSA有较强的静态荧光猝灭作用,按照Stern-Volmer方程和双倒数方程分析处理实验数据,得到反应的双分子猝灭过程速率常数Kq=1.0865×1013(L·mol-1·s-1)、结合常数KA=9.232×104L·mol-1、结合数n=0.7639.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.