实验室智能安全监控预警系统设计

高校实验室的安全保障一直是实验室工作的重中之重,针对可能存在的实验室安全隐患,本文设计并制作了多传感器集成型实验室智能安全监控预警系统,用于实时监测实验室环境参数并进行预警。该系统以Arduino为控制单元,选用性能优异、工作稳定且低成本的温度、湿度、烟雾、甲醛、气压传感器,测量实验室内环境参数,并通过GSM通信模块将数据以短信方式向管理人员发出通知。该系统可以为高校实验室的安全、高效运行提供有力的技术保障。     

论高校实验队伍建设

 高校实验队伍是学校的一支重要的教学力量,这支队伍的素质直接关系到高校教育质量和培养目标。建设一支高素质的、相对稳定的、能熟练掌握现代技术并对实验室进行科学管理的实验队伍,是高校搞好实验室建设,提高实验教学质量的基本保证。但是长期以来由于高校重教学和科研,轻实验和管理的观念较深,目前这支队伍在高等学校中仍是薄弱环节,不能很好地适应实验室教学和管理工作的需要。因此,怎样提高实验队伍的素质,是今后一段时间内高校必须解决的一个问题。     

强激光实验室天体物理研究进展

高功率激光器技术的发展使得人们可以在实验室中创造出与天体环境类似的极端物理条件,这为科学家提供了针对某些重要天体物理过程进行实验室研究的可能性,由此催生了一个新的物理学前沿领域——实验室天体物理学。文章将简单介绍该领域中几个热点问题的新进展,包括实验室和天体流体过程的定标关系、无碰撞冲击波、磁重联、喷流、超强磁场的产生等,最后对实验室天体物理学的发展方向作了展望。     

以实验室文化为魂,创新高校实验室管理服务

实验室文化是高校校园文化的重要组成部分,对于营造积极向上、文明和谐的教学和科研环境,树立高校品牌,保持学校可持续发展,具有十分重要的意义.本文给出了营造实验室文化,创新实验室管理服务的几点做法.     

实验室仪器设备保护接零的探讨

本文在简要介绍一般的接地、接零保护之后,从一个电学实验出现异常现象的实例分析了实验室用电及其安全保护的特殊性,进而对保护接零的适用性和可靠性进行探讨,并提出关于实验室建设中如何考虑用电安全保护问题的一些具体看法。     

"新工科"背景下工科物理实验室的建设与探索

论述了我国地方高校在"新工科"的历史背景下改革专业实验室对创新性工程人才培养的重要意义。针对传统地方高校工科实验室在培育学生创新能力、提升学生综合素质的教学过程中存在的学生参与度低、学-研融合不足等一系列问题,从实际教学情况出发,在实验室建设理念、建设模式、软环境等方面深入探讨"新工科"背景下地方高校工科物理实验室建设的新方向、新模式。论证了创新性实验室的改革建设对学生培养创新精神与自我管理意识、提升创新性人才培养质量的重要意义。     

开设普物探究实验 培养学生创造能力

开设物理探究实验是大学基础课教学改革的诉求,建设物理探究实验室,为学生探究实验创造环境,培养学生的创造能力。     

美国科学家首次研制成功人造骨髓

美国密歇根大学的一个实验室首次研制成功人造骨髓，可以在试管中源源不断地制造出红细胞和白细胞。此项科研成果对于研究抗癌药物、简化药物检测、研究免疫系统缺陷以及输血用血液的不间断供应等创造了条件。     

浅谈高校实验室规范化管理的建设

实验室规章制度是实验室开展正常工作的依据,同时也是检验实验室各项工作的标尺、准则。因此,制定出一套科学合理的规章制度对实验室来说非常重要,下面就高校实验室规范化管理科学性、艺术性、全面性谈一些看法。     

人居声环境科学——亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室近年研究进展

本文介绍华南理工大学亚热带建筑科学国家重点实验室建筑声学子实验室近年来在人居声环境科学领域所开展的研究工作及取得的研究进展。人居声环境科学涵盖建筑声学、环境声学及声景学三个分支学科,分别对应于人居环境科学的三个主干一级学科,即建筑学、城乡规划学及风景园林学。其研究目的在于体现对人们的听觉关怀,创造一个良好的人居声环境。     

A flame technique to isolate the detonation/product interface relevant to rotating detonation engines

A novel experimental technique is proposed to study the detonation propagation in a layer of non-reacted gas weakly confined by combustion products. This problem is relevant to rotating detonation engines, where transverse detonations are confined by products of a previous rotation cycle, and other applications such as industrial safety. The experimental technique utilizes a flame ignited along the top wall in a long channel. The preferential growth of the flame along the long direction of the channel creates a finger flame and permits to create a narrow layer of unburned gas. A detonation ignited outside of this layer then propagates through the layer. This permits to conduct accurate observations of the detonation interaction with the inert gas and determine the boundary condition of the interaction. The present paper provides a proof-of-concept demonstration of the technique in a 3.4 m by 0.2 m channel, in which long finger flames were observed in ethylene-oxygen mixtures. The flame is visualized by high-speed direct luminosity over its entire travel, coupled with pressure measurements. A direct simulation of the flame growth served to supplement the experiments and evaluate the role of the induced flow by the flame growth, which gives rise to a non-uniform velocity distribution along the channel length. Detonation experiments were also performed at various layer heights in order to establish the details of the interaction. The structure was visualized using high speed Schlieren video. It was found that an inert shock always runs ahead of the detonation wave, which gives rise to a unique double shock reflection interaction.     

Controlled cavitation in microfluidic systems

We report on cavitation in confined microscopic environments which are commonly called microfluidic or lab-on-a-chip systems. The cavitation bubble is created by focusing a pulsed laser into these structures filled with a light-absorbing liquid. At the center of a 20 microm thick and 1 mm wide channel, pancake-shaped bubbles expand and collapse radially. The bubble dynamics compares with a two-dimensional Rayleigh model and a planar flow field during the bubble collapse is measured. When the bubble is created close to a wall a liquid jet is focused towards the wall, resembling the jetting phenomenon in axisymmetry. The jet flow creates two counter-rotating vortices which stir the liquid at high velocities. For more complex geometries, e.g., triangle- and square-shaped structures, the number of liquid jets recorded correlates with the number of boundaries close to the bubble.     

日间恒星实时探测的视频图像处理

为了解决船载光学测量设备日间测星数量偏少的问题,研究了暗小目标电视探测技术,以保证惯导系统全天时不间断航向校准。在视频图像处理中,采用中值滤波方法提高信噪比,同时采用基于模糊理论的最大模糊熵阈值分割方法自行构建隶属度函数,自适应求取阈值,实现了星体目标检测与识别。实验结果表明:在原光学设备光学系统不变的情况下,日间可探测的恒星由大于等于3.0星等、小于等于5颗,提高到了大于等于4.5星等,大于等于250颗,满足了惯导系统全天时不间断航向校准的要求。该成果可以推广应用于电视弱小目标探测领域。     

伪随机点的分布定理

本文在以大素数为模,该模的原根为乘子的前提下,从乘同余法生成伪随机点的分布图出发,引入"带"和"准对称分布"等新概念,得到九个伪随机点的分布定理和一个推论。为与此有关的研究及得到高精度的伪随机数偏度公式创造了条件。     

Hologravure as a computer-generated and laser engraved scratch hologram

We presented “hologravure” as the generalization of a scratch hologram, generated by computer from a three-dimensional (3D) model by using an appropriate software, and laser-drawing with a conventional engraver-laser system. For making this type of computer-generated hologram, neither diffractive optics, nor mask pattern or photo-reduction of a transparency onto a high resolution film plate is needed. The shape of a 3D virtual object is encoded in a two-dimensional (2D) multiple circular-scratch drawing. A computer program was created for generating the holograms. Hologravures representing several 3D models are engraved on different materials, and the quality of the lines traced by the CO₂ laser is considered. Sheets of acrylic, polycarbonate, glass and thermo-resistant pieces of acetate were tested. Reconstructed images of all this computer-generated and laser engraved holograms and also of computer assisted and hand-drawn scratch holograms, synthesized by means of the same software are shown.     

光纤光栅大电流传感研究

利用电磁力的原理,提出了一种测量高压大电流的方法,将高压大电流母线缠绕成单匝或双匝螺线管,产生吸引力,使光纤光栅产生应变以此来测量大电流.通过实验使用多匝螺线管和小电流进行了模拟大电流测量.模拟实验结果表明,光纤光栅波长对电流大小的灵敏性逐步增强,特别适合于大电流的测量.     

Characterization and improvement of absorption and scattering by profiled architectural surfaces without specialized test facilities

A turntable apparatus and measurement procedure, based on ISO 17497-1, were developed for measuring the random-incidence absorption and scattering of surfaces, without specialized facilities. While not highly accurate, they proved adequate for determining the general characteristics of surfaces. Two original profiled wooden architectural surfaces, and a hard, flat reference surface, were characterized, and found to have low absorption and scattering. They were then modified for increased absorption by creating Helmholtz-resonator configurations, obtaining good performance at low- and mid-frequencies. They were also modified for increased scattering, in one case by creating a Schroeder diffuser. In the other case, the surface was integrated into a novel frame-array configuration, which scattered sound very well above 500 Hz.     

Stability Analysis of the Viscous Polytropic Dark Energy Model in Einstein Cosmology

The viscous polytropic gas model as one model of dark energy is hot-spot and keystone to the modern cosmology.We study the evolution of the viscous polytropic dark energy model interacting with the dark matter in the Einstein cosmology.Setting the autonomous dynamical system for the interacting viscous polytropic dark energy with dark matter and using the phase space analysis method to investigate the dynamical evolution and its critical stability,we find that the viscosity property of the dark energy creates a benefit for the stable critical dynamical evolution of the interaction model between dark matter and dark energy in the flat Friedmann-Robertson-Walker universe and the viscosity of dark energy will soften the coincidence problem just like the interacting dark energy model.     

连续波氟化氘/氟化氢化学激光器TRIP技术混合机理

 采用CLNST引入的扰流气注入技术对连续波氟化氘/氟化氢化学激光器进行数值模拟研究。模拟其3维流场有化学反应,但不考虑激射的情况。计算结果显示:加入扰流气后,平行注入的主副气流混合增强明显,气流混合速度明显加快,在喷管出口平面5 mm处即扩散至副喷管中心线位置,且小信号增益系数值明显增强。分析了流场结构得出:扰流气增强气流混合的主要方式在于使反应界面拉伸和扭曲,同时观察到有弱漩涡产生,但沿气流方向较快耗散掉,对流场影响较小。     

基于新型安全架构的HEPS插入件安全控制系统

高能同步辐射光源（HEPS）插入件控制系统的主要功能是实现插入件磁间隙的开合运动控制。插入件控制系统的安全运动对插入件、储存环和光束线站的设备和人员安全至关重要。针对HEPS插入件控制系统的安全需求,研究了工业安全设计的标准和规范,在国内外同类型插入件控制系统中首次设计和实现了基于新型安全架构的安全系统。安全系统的设计和实施符合国际安全标准,并达到了安全完整性三级的高安全等级。该系统已成功应用在HEPS测试束线低温波荡器中,并完成了系统性的测试。测试结果表明,HEPS插入件安全系统实现了所有预期的安全指标,达到了高安全等级工业控制系统的标准。