通道涡稳定性及对损失的影响

采用具有TVD性质的三队精度Godunov格式,对均匀加载叶型及后部加载叶型所构成的叶栅在不同弯角下的流场进行了数值模拟。详细研究了叶片弯曲后对通道涡截面拓扑结构的影响。发现叶片正弯后有利于使通道涡在结构上变得稳定;同时也指出;与常规叶片相比,二次流损失较小的后部加载叮型所构成的叶栅内的通道涡在结构上较为稳定。本文进一步分析了通道涡结构的改变对损失的影响;并指出使通道涡在结构上变得稳定的边界条件可能有助于减少二次流损失。     

一种典型透平静叶型叶片正弯曲作用的实验研究

本文报告了一种典型透平静叶型叶片正弯曲作用的实验研究结果。通过采用微型５孔探针测量了常规直叶栅和端部周向倾斜角分别为１０°、 ２０°、 ３０°的正弯曲叶片叶栅的出口流场。定量分析了叶片正弯曲对叶栅出口二次流动能系数及其分布的影响,采用两种损失计算方法探讨了叶片正弯曲对叶栅出口二次流损失的影响,并讨论了不同弯曲角下的叶栅出口气流角变化。     

具有叶尖小翼的压气机叶栅间隙流动分析

采用数值模拟方法对利用不同安装方式叶尖小翼控制压气机叶栅间隙流动进行研究。结果表明,不同安装方式叶尖小翼都可以有效降低叶顶泄漏流速,削弱泄漏涡强度。叶尖小翼改变了叶尖负荷及泄漏涡运行轨迹,进而影响了叶尖流场不同涡系之间的相互作用。吸力面小翼削弱了泄漏涡,抑制了通道涡的发展,使得叶栅总损失降低。压力面小翼及组合小翼削弱了泄漏涡,但增强了通道涡及其与泄漏涡之间的相互作用,叶栅总损失增加。     

超高负荷涡轮叶栅内的旋涡结构分析

通过对叶型转折角为160°的超高负荷平面涡轮叶栅内部的流场细节进行数值模拟,将数值模拟结果与流场流线拓扑分析理论相结合,对叶栅内的复杂旋涡结构进行定性分析,详述超高负荷平面涡轮叶栅内马蹄涡、通道涡、壁角涡、尾缘涡和端壁二次涡等涡系的产生、发展和演化过程,以及它们之间的相互作用关系;在此基础上,通过总压损失系数分布和出口截面涡量分布给出定量分析。     

吸力面小翼对扩压叶栅旋涡结构的影响

本文采用经过实验校核的数值模拟方法对某压气机动叶原始叶型和吸力面叶尖小翼叶型流道旋涡结构进行了详细分析.结果表明,原始叶栅流道中存在四个旋涡,即上通道涡、下通道涡、下集中脱落涡和叶顶泄漏涡。吸力面叶尖小翼的应用使得叶栅流道内的旋涡结构发生了变化,叶尖小翼抑制了叶顶泄漏涡的强度,从而使得上集中脱落涡得以出现,同时还使得叶顶泄漏涡的衍生涡被撕裂成两个衍生涡.正是由于叶尖小翼改变了叶栅流道内的旋涡结构,使叶栅流场的气动性能得到了改善.     

平面叶栅端壁流的试验研究

本文对平面叶栅通道内、外的流场进行了详细的试验研究。结果表明:叶栅通道内不仅存在通道涡,而且在吸力面与端壁形成的角区内存在一角区脱落涡对和一二次涡对。这些涡对特性不同于通道涡特性。在本试验条件下它们是引起叶栅通道内损失的主要原因。     

附面层吸除对压气机叶栅稠度特性影响

数值模拟了不同稠度下吸气量及位置对某大转角吸气式压气机叶栅气动性能影响。结果表明,附面层吸除(BLS)使得吸力面角区低能流体积聚减弱,气流折转能力加强;随稠度增加,叶栅总压损失最高降低分别为32.9％、27.7％和25.1％,出口气流角最大增加值为5.0°、4.2°和3.1°,即小稠度叶栅具有较佳气动性能;BLS导致的栅内扩压能力恢复和通道涡三维分离效应的改善应是确定最佳设计参数的判定原则。吸气式叶栅附面层承受逆压梯度能力强的特点为高负荷、小稠度压气机设计提供了极具潜力的技术途径。     

弯曲时片压气机时栅内二次流的数值研究

本文应用Ｂｅａｍ－Ｗａｒｍｉｎｇ近似隐式因子分解格式以及ＭＭＬ代数湍流模型,采用拟压缩性方法求解雷诺平均拟压缩Ｎ－Ｓ方程组,对弯曲叶片压气机叶栅内的三维粘性流场进行了数值研究．结果表明,正弯曲叶栅内通道涡较直叶栅强,其诱导产生的壁面涡较弱且位于吸力面与壁端的角区内,与壁角涡接近．在正弯曲叶栅出口处,通道涡开始处于破裂前期,叶栅总损失增加。反弯曲叶栅通道涡较弱,其诱导的壁面涡很强,位于通道涡左上方,壁面涡和通道涡的有利作用,使通道涡更稳定,叶栅总损失比直叶栅和正弯曲叶栅要小．     

变工况非定常叶栅绕流数值仿真

采用离散涡方法数值仿真了不同来流攻角下,固定与动边界叶栅绕流。在设计工况时流动接近定常流动。而变 工况时流动具有明显的非定常特征。特别是当攻角较大时,流场中存在着激烈分离,流动具有不稳定性。分离流动与旋涡 的分布息息相关。当来流角从20°到60°逐渐增大时,前驻点从背面经前缘点向腹面移动。固定叶栅与振动叶栅时的绕流 有明显的不同。振动叶栅绕流,流体决不是简单地随叶栅作同样的振动。     

压气机叶栅通道中二次流动对三维角区分离流动的影响

本文数值模拟研究了不同攻角下压气机PVD叶栅中的复杂流动情况,分析了叶栅通道中的二次流对三维角区分离流动的影响。结果表明:马蹄涡在压气机叶栅通道中的发展不明显并且在叶栅通道中很快耗散,因此对三维角区分离影响不大;而通道涡是压气机叶栅通道中主要的二次涡,增强了三维角区分离流动现象,增加了气流总压损失。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.