激光辐照转动充压圆柱壳体热力学效应

 采用有限元计算方法对激光辐照下转动充压壳体的热力学问题进行了较为全面的数值计算，获得了激光辐照下转动内压圆柱壳壁上的温升、应力、应变、位移分布等物理图像，为进一步分析转动充压圆柱壳体在激光辐照下的破坏与失效奠定了基础。提出的解决数值计算中移动热流载荷问题的双时间步长法，可以有效提高计算效率，同时提高计算精度。研究结果表明：对于给定的壳体结构，其损伤阈值时间主要取决于靶面激光强度与壳体旋转频率；在辐照过程中，损伤最先出现在最初受激光辐照的区域。     

强激光照射下受预内压作用的球壳的热力响应

分析受强激光照射和预内压联合作用的球壳的热力效应。在光强相对较低的情形,激光照射处理为壳体表面热流输入。推导了瞬态热传导解析解;并选取一组典型的几何及材料参数,针对一系列激光光强情形用大型有限元程序对热传导和热弹塑性变形作了数值计算,得到了热传导的清晰的物理图象,讨论了壳体结构变形的空间分布和随时间的演变规律以及对激光光强和照射时间的依赖关系。     

激光辐照热力耦合问题的相似性

 由量纲理论出发，分析了激光辐照热力耦合理论的无量纲化基本方程组。在一定的近似条件下，导出了激光辐照热力耦合问题的一般相似性准则，该相似准则不受与温度相关的材料特性的约束。在此基础上给出了强激光辐照充压圆柱壳体热力效应的缩比方法，并对一组实例进行了计算，得到了缩比模型与原型结果几乎完全相似的结论。理论分析与数值计算表明，激光辐照热力耦合问题在合理的近似下满足相似律。     

激光辐照下充压柱壳的破坏能量阈值数值模拟

采用有限元方法模拟了激光辐照下充压柱壳的热力学响应,计算了不同工况下结构的瞬态温度场和应力场,根据材料强度准则判断了柱壳的破坏时刻,并提出了一种预测激光辐照下充压柱壳破坏能量阈值的数值方法。研究了壳体厚度和内压大小对柱壳破坏能量阈值的影响,并给出了典型工况下柱壳破坏能量阈值同壳体厚度以及充压大小的关系。数值计算结果表明:破坏能量密度阈值与壳体厚度、内压大小近似成线性关系,壳体厚度比内压大小对柱壳的激光破坏能量阈值影响更大。     

柱形微腔回音壁激光光谱模式的精确标定

由柱形微腔中回音壁模式满足的本征值方程,得到确定回音壁模式位置和间距的近似解析公式。以此近似解析公式,首次对直径在215～328 μm间的5个柱形微腔回音壁激光光谱做了模式标定。在用近似解析公式对柱形微腔激光光谱的数值作拟合的计算中,除了回音壁模的径向模式数(l)和角动量模式数(n)外无需其他拟合参数,解析公式的拟合值和实验激光光谱波长值间的偏差小于0.05 nm,拟合结果精确可靠。柱形微腔回音壁激光光谱模式的精确标定在模式的场分布计算以及频移型微腔生物传感器的研究应用中具有重要作用,文章介绍的方法亦可应用于柱形微腔直径和折射率的精密测量。     

方形LED阵列光斑发散特性的幂函数拟合

利用LED照度公式推导方形LED阵列的光斑半径和发散角公式,建立了研究方形LED阵列光斑发散特性的数值计算方法.通过拟合得到方形LED阵列的光斑半径和发散角随目标距离、m值及阵列边长变化的幂函数公式.结果表明,幂函数拟合方法与数值计算结果吻合,平均相对误差小于1%.该方法弥补了数值计算方法不能对方形LED阵列光斑发散特性解析研究的缺陷.     

1 053 nm脉冲激光对铝合金/水结构辐照效应

 使用1 053 nm脉冲激光分别辐照铝合金单板和铝合金/水结构,通过表面形貌观察、温度场分析、熔穿时间测量等手段,分析了水的存在对铝合金壳体烧蚀的影响。运用有限元软件ANSYS,建立了脉冲激光辐照下单板及结构温度变化的数值模型,计算了铝合金表面熔凝区域的尺寸,并与实验结果进行了对比。结果表明：在相同的实验条件下,辐照8个激光脉冲时,铝合金单板即被熔穿,而辐照10个脉冲后铝合金/水结构仍未发生熔穿,且结构中铝合金表面的熔凝区域要小于单板情形中的熔凝区域,这表明水的存在对延缓铝合金板的烧蚀有较大的作用。对于单板情形,计算结果与实验结果符合较好,而对于铝合金/水结构情形,数值模拟放大了铝合金壳体的温升,这主要是因为数值模拟程序未考虑水的对流及沸腾换热对计算结果的影响。     

静态超高压大腔体中热流的计算机模拟(Ⅱ) 计算结果与分析

计算了不同传压介质和加热筒变形对静态超高压腔中温度稳态分布的影响．稳态数值计算结果与近似解析公式结果及非稳态数值计算结果相符．由稳态最高加热温度对加热功率实验曲线斜率估算出叶蜡石的热导率与高压传热专门测量结果相符．     

激光对运动圆柱体加热的几何学研究

 当激光无论从地面或是从空中辐照运动的圆柱体时，都涉及到入射激光相对于圆柱体的辐照方式。在一定假设下，导出了激光对抛射圆柱体表面加热时圆柱表面热加载功率密度分布公式，并结合一理想情况，针对光束入射角度因子、光斑中心的偏移、光斑形状的变化进行了解析计算分析。分析表明，即使圆柱体本身不做自转，圆柱体表面的光强分布中心也会发生偏移，分布也会发生变化，尤其沿圆柱体轴向的分布变化较大，必须结合实际加以细化研究。     

激光辐照金属/炸药复合介质温度场的数值模拟

 当激光辐照金属/炸药复合介质外表面时,在变物性及界面有接触热阻的条件下,用二维线性瞬态导焓方程,数值计算了介质内部温度场时空分布。作为特例,将常物性及无接触热阻下的数值解与相同条件下的二维线性瞬态导热方程的解析解相比较,结果表明数值法的计算程序及结果是可信的。     

Radiation from a charge rotating around a perfectly conducting cylinder

The radiation from a charge uniformly rotating about a conducting cylinder immersed into a homogeneous medium was studied. Expressions for electric and magnetic fields, as well as for the surface charge and currents induced by the initial charge on the cylinder surface were obtained. A formula is derived for spectral-angular distribution of the radiation intensity. The results of a numerical analysis are presented.     

倏逝波抽运的回音壁模式激光增益计算

倏逝波抽运条件下的回音壁模式光纤激光器增益计算,涉及抽运光束在光纤内的角度分布函数及其数值计算。基于射线光学理论,推导出了高斯分布光束及均匀分布光束经透镜耦合后在光纤内表面的角度分布函数;采用复合辛普生数值积分公式对分布函数进行了数值计算,并用分布函数计算的结果研究了抽运光沿光纤轴向以受抑全反射方式传播时产生的回音壁模式激光的增益特性。所得结果对这类光纤激光器的研究具有理论和实验参考价值。     

多模激光束通过时间变化相位片变换的数值分析

根据衍射积分公式,对连续多模激光束通过随时间变化相位片的变换特性进行了数值模拟,详细地讨论了相位片单元尺寸和相位变化频率对多模光束光滑和能量分布的影响。数值模拟结果很好地解释了实验结果。     

Metal surface temperature induced by moving laser beams

Whenever a metal is irradiated with a laser beam, electromagnetic energy is transformed into heat in a thin surface layer. The maximum surface temperature is the most important quantity which determines the processing result. Expressions for this maximum temperature are provided by the literature for stationary cases. In practice, however, moving beams are of more importance.Based on a fast numerical algorithm which allows calculation of the induced temperature profile, the maximum surface temperature for stationary and moving laser beams is calculated. Next, two types of approximating functions are presented relating the scanning speed to the maximum surface temperature. Using dimensionless numbers, the results can be applied to different materials.     

Four-wave mixing model solutions for polarization control of terahertz pulse generated by a two-color laser field in air

A four-wave mixing （FWM） model is used to analyze the polarization control of terahertz （THz） pulse generated by a two-color laser field in air. The analytic formula for the THz intensity varying with the THz polarizer angle, and the relative phase between the two pulses, are obtained. The corresponding numerical results agree well with both numerical result obtained from a quantum model and measured data reported. Moreover, possible phenomena are predicted for variables not found in other experiments. Compared with the quantum model, the FWM model gives analytic formulas and clear physical pictures, and has the advantage of efficient computing time.     

Debye Series of Scattering by a Multi-Layered Cylinder in an Off-Axis 2D Gaussian Beam

The Debye series of light scattering by an infinite multi-layered cylinder in an off-axis 21） Gaussian beam is studied. A simplified but rigorous iterative formula for scattering coefficients is presented. The numerical calculations of scattering intensity by a cylinder in on-axis and off-axis beams are developed. It is indicated that the results of Debye series reach an agreement with those of generalized Lorenz-Mie theory and the off-axis distances vary the results to a great extent. The Debye series components of a two-layered cylinder are further discussed. The relations between them with rainbow phenomena are analysed.     

非对称量子阱中的二阶非线性光学极化率

本文主要研究了一个特殊非对称量子阱中的二阶非线性光学极化率,并且利用量子力学中的密度矩阵算符理论和迭代方法导出了二次谐波极化率的解析表达式.最后,以典型的GaAs/AlGaAs非对称量子阱为例作了数值计算.数值结果表明,较大的二次谐波极化率与系统的非对称性有关,系统的非对称性越大,二次谐波极化率越大.     

Laser Generation of Surface Waves on Cylinder with a Slow Coating

An analytical model of acoustic field excited by a pulsed-laser line source on a coated cylinder is presented. Surface wave dispersive behaviours for a cylinder with a slow coating are analysed and compared with that of a bare cylinder. Based on this analysis, the laser-generated transient response of the perturbed Rayleigh wave and the higher modes of steel cylinder with a zinc coating are calculated from the model using residue theory and FFT technique. The theoretical result from the superposed waveform of the perturbed Rayleigh wave and higher modes agree well with the waveform obtained in experiment. The results show that the model and numerical method provide a useful technique for quantitatively characterizing coating parameters of coated cylinder by the laser generated surface waves.     

Some extensions of the Gaussian beam expansion: radiation fields of the rectangular and the elliptical transducer

A straightforward extension of Gaussian beam expansion is presented for calculation of the Fresnel field integral [J. J. Wen and M. A. Breazeale, J. Acoust. Soc. Am. 83, 1752-1756 (1988)]. The source distribution function is expanded into the superposition of a series of two-dimensional Gaussian functions. The corresponding radiation field is expressed as the superposition of these two-dimensional Gaussian beams and is then reduced to the computation of these simple functions. This treatment overcomes the limit that the shape of source is of circular axial-symmetry. The numerical examples are presented for the field of the (uniform) elliptical and the rectangular piston transducers and agree well with the results given by complicated computation.