H2 的外场效应

本文计算H2从基态到激发态的跃迁矩阵元(μ)0n,振子强度f0n,自发辐射系数An0和吸收系数B0n(n=1-6),还计算了在电场AE→U2=-72.0,-36.0,0.0,36.0和72.0 V/M下H2的行为.对进一步研究高分子材料的外场效应有参考价值.     

类锂离子(Z=11～20) 1s22s-1s23p的跃迁能和振子强度

用全实加关联方法计算类锂离子(Z=11～20)偶极跃迁1s22s*"2S-1s23p*"2P1/2,3/2的跃迁能.非相对论能量用Rayleigh-Ritz变分法确定,相对论修正和质量极化效应用微扰论计算,还估算了来自量子电动力学效应的修正.得到的计算结果与现有的实验数据符合得很好,我们关于氯的类锂离子(Z=17)1s23p态的精细结构劈裂的计算结果揭示,相应的实验数据明显偏离等电子序列的物理规律.还算了1s22s-1s23p偶极跃迁的振子强度.     

换热器性能分析新方法

鉴于以加热或冷却为目的的热量传递过程,其不可逆性应以NFDA1的耗散率来度量,为此可以用换热器中的NFDA1耗散率定义换热器的当量热阻,它既包含换热器中的传热热阻,还包含了由非逆流形式和非平衡流引起的附加热阻. 换热器当量热阻的倒数称之为换热器的当量热导. 通过NFDA1耗散定义的换热器当量热阻建立了传热不可逆性与有效度的联系,并导得了换热器有效度与当量热导（热阻）和热容量流比的统一函数关系式,它适用于不同流程布置的换热器. 因此,有效度-热导（热阻）方法能更方便于不同类型换热器性能的分析和比 关键词： 换热器 热阻 耗散 熵产     

类硼氧离子基态双电子复合速率系数的研究

由于氧广泛存在于星际物质中,对氧等离子体的诊断十分重要。双电子复合速率系数是对等离子体平衡状态诊断的重要参数。本文采用全相对论Flexible atomic code(FAC)研究了类硼氧离子从基态2s22p1(J=1/2)俘获电子,经过2s12p2 n′l′双激发态通道的双电子复合速率系数。忽略贡献很小的辐射级联效应,考虑组态相关,细致计算了n′≤9,l′≤n′-1的所有组态。使用了n′-3标度规律采用组态-组态外推法计算,计算了n′≤1000的所有组态总双电子复合速率系数。分析了双电子复合速率系数与不同被俘获轨道主量子数n′和轨道量子数l′的关系,认为对双电子复合其主要贡献的是n′=3和n′=5,且DR系数在l′=2时出现峰值。即基态通过2s2p2 n′l′的双电子复合伴线光谱中最强的光谱线对应跃迁为2s2p23d的双电子复合过程。该通道总的DR系数随温度升高而先增后减,在0.5eV左右出现最大值,认为此温度下双电子复合效率最高。低温时对于n′较大的组态可以忽略,高温时则需要考虑。     

科学推理能力在物理问题表征过程中的作用

选取了广州市某普通中学高一年级学生作为研究对象, 以《 L a w s o n ′ sC l a s s r o o m T e s to fS c i e n t i f i c R e a s o n i n g》和自编的《 高一学生物理问题表征能力测试量表》为测量工具, 对高一学生的科学推理能力和物理问题 表征能力进行测试. 结果发现, ( 1)科学推理能力与物理问题表征能力整体不相关; ( 2)科学推理能力( 高级变量控 制能力和相关性思维能力)对物理问题表征过程存在显著影响     

NO2分子电子激发态荧光辐射寿命的测定

利用激光诱导荧光技术,实验测定了NO2分子513～520 nm范围内AA～U22B2电子激发态6个不同振转能级激光诱导荧光衰减寿命,研究了激发态荧光寿命与气压和激发波长的关系,得到了无碰撞衰减寿命和碰撞猝灭系数,并对其反常长寿命进行了讨论     

Variation of dielectronic satellite intensity factors with n for dielectronic recombination processes in selected lithium—like ions

Satellite intensity factors F^*₂(s→f) have been calculated for the 1s²2s+εl→(1s²3l′nl″)^*→1s²2sml''+hν dielectronic recombination processes of lithium-like V, Cu, Se, Ag and Ba ions. The relevant atomic parameters have been calculated explicitly for all intermediate resonance states |s〉≡|1s²3l′nl″SLJ〉 with n=3－9 in the intermediate coupling scheme. The 1/n³ scaling, which has often been used in extrapolating F^*(s→f) for n≥4, is tested against these values of F^*₂(s→f).     

对“不良导体导热系数测量”实验中冷却速率求法之我见

张祖寿同志在1990年第2期(《物理实验》发表的《对“不良导体导热系数的测量”实验的研究》中,提出了计算自然冷却速率的一种新方法。文中根据牛顿冷却定律推导出计算冷却速率的理论公式 dT/dτ=1/τ′(T-T_0)1n(T′-T_0)/(T_c-T_0) (1) 式中T_0为环境温度,T_c为开始计时的温度,T′为任一时刻τ′时的温度。只要测得T_c和T′即可由(1)式计算出dT/dτ|_(r=r2)·笔者对此方法持有异见。     

PuCO基态分子的结构与势能函数

在相对论有效原子实势近似下,用B3LYP密度泛函方法计算优化出PuCO分子基态的结构参数,离解能和力常数.用多体项展式方法导出PuCO分子基态(AX～G67A″)的分析势能函数,获得的势能面正确地复现出PuCO分子的平衡结构特征.     

类氢及碱金属原子激发态寿命的半经典计算公式

根据对应原理,得到了类氢原子能态平均寿命半经典的计算公式τ(n,l),然后利用相对论单通道量子数亏损理论进行推广,得到用来计算考虑总角动量J的激发态寿命公式τ(n,l,l+1/2)和τ(n,l,l-1/2),利用单通道量子数亏损理论得到了碱金属原子n、l远大于1时激发态寿命的半经典公式τ(n.l)=τ0(m+M/nm/v/+M)2v7l(l+1/2)/n4,其计算结果和实验数据符合的很好.     

General theory of renormalization of gauge invariant operators

We study the question of renormalization of gauge invariant operators in the gauge theories. Our discussion applies to gauge invariant operators of arbitrary dimensions and tensor structure. We show that the gauge noninvariant (and ghost) operators that mix with a given set of gauge invariant operators form a complete set of local solutions of a functional differential equation. We show that this set of gauge noninvariant operators together with the gauge invariant operators close under renormalization to all orders. We obtain a complete set of local solutions of the differential equation. The form of these solutions has recently been conjectured by Kluberg Stern and Zuber. With the help of our solutions, we show that there exists a basis of operators in which the gauge noninvariant operators “decouple” from the gauge invariant operators to all orders in the sense that eigenvalues corresponding to the eigenstates containing gauge invariant operators can be computed without having to compute the full renormalization metrix. We further discuss the substructure of the renormalization matrix.     

Squeezing in Representation by Quadratic Combinations of Canonical Operators

The technique of integration within an ordered product of operators and the coherent-state representationare used to convert exponential operators of basis operators (p2, Q2, pQ + Qp) to those of the basis operators (a2, a+2,ara). The coherent state representation of unitary squeezing operators in the factorized form and their normal productform are thus derived. The squeezing engendered by operators of the general form exp{-i[αP2 + βQ2 + γ/2 (QP + PQ)] }is also obtained.     

Constraints from conformal covariance on the mixing of operators of lowest twist

In massless QCD the operators which diagonalize the anomalous dimension matrix to first order in α_s form representations of the conformal group. This is proved by using anomalous Ward identities. Only a subgroup, the so-called collinear conformal group SU(1, 1) ? SO(2, 1), acts on the restricted class of operators of lowest twist. Towers of local operators bilinear and trilinear in the quark fields are constructed. They are considered as polynomials in the derivatives acting on the basic quark fields: bilinear operators are given by Jacobi polynomials, trilinear operators by Appell's polynomials.By using the explicit form of the anomalous dimension matrix we verify that the constructed bilinear collinear conformal operators are in fact eigenvectors. As the conformal trilinear operator basis is degenerate, the eigenvectors of the mixing matrix of trilinear operators are not determined by conformal covariance alone. However, by taking a conformal basis the number of independent operators is reduced considerably.     

The quantum groupSUq(2) andq-analog of angular momentum operators in quantum mechanics

We present three operators in quantum mechanics that obey the commutation relations of quantum groupSUq(2). These operators are nonlinear combinations of the conventional angular momentum operators and are called the quantumq-analog angular momentum operators. When the quantum deformation parameterr = Inq vanishes, these quantumq-analog angular momentum operators reduce to the usual angular momentum operators.     

Effect of electron correlation on the forced electric dipole transition probabilities in fn systems

A method for the investigation of the effects of electron correlation on the forced electric dipole transition probabilities between levels of the fⁿ configuration is presented. The approach is based on double perturbation theory and on the application of effective operators. Effective operators describing the correlation effects are generated for various classes of perturbing configurations in terms of generalized unit tensor operators. A classification scheme for the possible operators is presented. In general, one- and two- particle operators are obtained. The latter do not appear in the standard Judd-Ofelt theory. One-particle operators dependent on unit tensor operators of odd rank are also new. The other one-particle operators are of the form considered in the Judd-Ofelt theory. However, the present results indicate that the interpretation of the empirical parameters of this theory should be modified to take into account electron correlation effects.     

Anomalous dimensions of gauge-invariant three fermion local operators of twist three

The matrices of anomalous dimensions of gauge-invariant three-fermion local operators of twist three are calculated in QCD with massless quarks. Furthermore we explicitly give the eigenvalues for operators containing up to eight derivatives, and the eigenvectors for operators containing up to three derivatives. The correspondence between eigenvectors of the anomalous dimension matrices and decuplet local baryon operators is derived by means of Fierz transformations.     

The non-equivalence of pseudo-Hermiticity and presence of antilinear symmetry

The non-equivalence of the presence of antilinear symmetry and pseudo-Hermiticity is shown for bounded operators. Two appropriate examples are operators with non-empty residual spectrum. The class of operators for which the equivalence holds is extended to the spectral operators of scalar type. The importance of J-self-adjointness is stressed and new proofs using this property are provided.     

Neutrino mass operators of dimension up to nine in two-Higgs-doublet model

We study higher-dimensional neutrino mass operators in a low energy theory that contains a second Higgs doublet, the two Higgs doublet model. The operators are relevant to underlying theories in which the lowest dimension-five mass operators would not be induced. We list the independent operators with dimension up to nine with the help of Young tableau. Also listed are the lowest dimension-seven operators that involve gauge bosons and violate the lepton number by two units. We briefly mention some of possible phenomenological implications.     

Operatorial form of the theory of polarization optical devices: I. Spectral theory of the basic devices

While the theory of operators in quantum mechanics is expressed nowadays in a pure operatorial form (wrapped mostly in Dirac's symbolic language), in optics the polarization device operators and their action are analyzed yet in the old matrix (Jones or Muller) formalism. The theory of polarization device operators has not taken systematically advantage of the very general, fundamental and deep results of the spectral theory of operators, on the basis of which it can be structured in an elegant deductive and physically expressive form. In this paper we apply the spectral theorem to the polarization device operators, we calculate their expansions in a pure operatorial Dirac-dyadic form and give some examples which illustrate the advantages from the physical insight viewpoint of such an approach. We are concerning here only with the basic polarization devices, to which correspond normal operators.     

再谈相干态在算符编序中的应用

利用广义Weyl对应导出了相干态密度算符的S-编序表示.通过此表示并结合S-编序内的算符积分技术,导出了若干量子玻色算符的S-编序形式(包含了正规编序、Weyl编序和反正规编序).此方法进一步推广了相干态在算符编序中的应用.