基于SPASER机制的偏心金壳纳米天线的多波长散射特性（英文）

基于表面等离激元受激辐射放大(SPASER)机制,提出了一种硅-金-硅三层核壳偏心纳米天线,并利用有限元法分析了其多波长散射特性.结果表明:在SPASER机制下,该纳米天线产生极大的散射光强度,且工作波长的数目随着硅核偏心率的增加而增加;当硅核的偏心率为9nm时,该纳米天线有4个共振峰,分别位于615nm、656nm、724nm、847nm,其对应的散射强度比非SPASER机制的纳米天线的散射强度高104倍;该纳米天线的散射波长还可以通过改变入射光的偏振角调节.基于SPASER机制的纳米天线对于设计多波长纳米激光器具有指导意义.     

金属-绝缘体-金属结构的表面等离激元受激放大辐射放大器的研制

为了研究用于表面等离子(SP)波的可集成表面等离激元受激放大辐射(SPASER)放大器,设计了植入饱和吸收体的金属-绝缘体-金属(MIM)结构放大器的基本组成。根据SPASER的基本原理,对激射条件进行了分析,给出了放大器的制作工艺和抽运脉冲的设计以及性能指标。结果表明研制的放大器在选择566nm波长的入射光和532nm波长的抽运光,放大区采用长度范围为1～1.5μm的条件下,其脉冲响应时间可达100fs,带宽为1.5～2THz,SP的放大增益为30～60dB。该SPASER放大器研究将为大规模集成光子学芯片设计提供理论和技术基础,可在下一代高速通信系统中得到广泛应用。     

金属基底上光学偶极纳米天线的自发辐射宽带增强:表面等离激元直观模型

本文提出一种具有宽波段自发辐射增强性能的金属基底上光学偶极纳米天线,实现的总辐射速率与远场辐射速率增强因子分别达到5454和1041,在近红外波段,自发辐射增强(Purcell因子超过1000)波长范围达到260 nm,并且能够实现远场定向辐射.为了阐明天线性能背后的物理机制,本文考虑天线臂上表面等离激元激发和多重散射的直观物理过程,基于Maxwell方程组第一性原理,建立了一个半解析模型,能够全面复现天线的辐射特性,包括总辐射速率、远场辐射速率、远场辐射方向图等.该模型提供了一个直观的物理图像,即在模型导出的两个相位匹配条件下,表面等离激元在天线臂上形成了一对Fabry-Perot共振获得增强,然后传播到纳米间隙内点辐射源位置和散射到自由空间,由此分别提高了总辐射速率和远场辐射速率.并且,这一对Fabry-Perot共振产生了一对相互靠近的谐振峰,由此形成了宽波段自发辐射增强.本文提出的偶极纳米天线可以应用于荧光增强、拉曼散射增强及高速、高亮度纳米光源等领域,所提出的模型可用于光学天线的物理理解和直观设计.     

紧聚焦角向矢量光激发下硅环-开口金环纳米天线的单向散射

采用时域有限差分法,数值研究了紧聚焦角向矢量光激发下硅环-开口金环纳米天线的远场散射特性.结果表明:紧聚焦的角向矢量光可在硅纳米环和开口金纳米环中分别激发出不同峰宽的磁偶极模式;由于模式间的杂化效应,两种磁偶极模式会耦合形成硅环-开口金环纳米结构的反键和成键模式;在峰谷1064 nm波长处,反键和成键模式间的相消干涉在面内形成了单向远场散射.进一步,详细研究了几何参数对单向散射的影响,并且借助该纳米天线的单向散射特性,实现了偶极光源的定向发射.研究结果提供了一种纳米光子结构远场散射的灵活调控手段,并有望为纳米光源、光学传感器等的设计和研发提供有益的参考.     

SDS增溶DCM水溶液的荧光特性研究

研究了十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS) 增溶DCM水溶液的荧光光谱特性。随着SDS浓度的增加, DCM在水中的溶解度大大增加,荧光强度增强;当SDS浓度从0.025 mol·L-1增加到0.5 mol·L-1时,荧光峰值相对强度增强95倍。用532 nm激光激发SDS增溶DCM水溶液获得648 nm的强染料激光输出, 其波长相对于由DCM乙醇溶液获得的635 nm染料激光红移13 nm。利用该溶液荧光对苯的受激拉曼散射(SRS)Stokes波长选择增强。作为对比,用DCM乙醇溶液的荧光对苯受激拉曼散射进行选择增强,结果显示出二者对苯的二、三、四阶Stokes波均可产生放大,但前者最大放大波长位于第三阶Stokes线(632 nm)处,放大因子8.5,后者最大放大波长位于第二阶Stokes线(595 nm)处,放大因子为2.5。另外分析讨论了SDS增溶DCM水溶液和荧光增强的机制及其应用前景。     

水中受激拉曼散射的能量增强及受激布里渊散射的光学抑制

为提高液体介质中受激拉曼散射的输出能量,提出了通过温度调控来抑制受激布里渊散射的方法,设计了532 nm多纵模宽带脉冲激光泵浦的受激拉曼散射发生系统,测量了不同温度下水中前向受激拉曼散射及后向受激布里渊散射的输出能量,分析了水温、泵浦激光线宽及热散焦效应对受激拉曼散射输出能量影响的物理机制.实验结果表明:通过降低水温可实现对受激布里渊散射过程的有效抑制,同时减小热散焦效应带来的光束畸变,从而有效提高受激拉曼散射的输出能量.研究结果对液体介质中的受激拉曼散射多波长转换具有重要意义.     

金纳米球壳对的局域表面等离激元共振特性分析

应用有限元方法, 研究金纳米球壳对的几何结构参数及物理参量对其表面等离激元共振的散射及消光光谱的影响, 并根据等离激元杂化理论进行了理论分析. 结果表明, 随着金壳厚度的增加, 金纳米球壳对的散射及消光共振峰先发生蓝移而后红移, 而随着金纳米球壳间隙的减小, 或者随着金纳米球壳的内核尺寸或内核介质折射率的增大, 散射及消光共振峰均发生红移; 随着金壳厚度或内核尺寸减小, 或者随着内核介质折射率增大, 金纳米球壳对的散射与消光共振强度减弱, 而随着金壳间隙的减小, 金纳米球壳对的散射共振强度先增强后减弱, 而消光共振强度逐渐增强, 数值模拟与理论分析一致.     

缝隙八木纳米天线设计及宽波段吸收特性

针对传统光伏电池能量收集易受环境与光照时间限制的问题,本文设计了一种用于太阳能收集的缝隙八木纳米天线单元及阵列.采用时域有限差分法分析缝隙间距对纳米天线远场方向性和近场分布的影响,并研究缝隙八木纳米天线阵列的吸收特性及不同缝隙间距对阵列天线吸收率的影响.研究远场方向性发现,当缝隙间距增加到一定距离时,天线方向图出现多个副瓣并产生新的辐射模式;通过对近场分析表明,新辐射模式的产生来源于高阶模式的局域表面等离激元.天线阵列吸收率的仿真结果表明:在400~1 500nm波段,随着缝隙间距的增加,缝隙八木纳米天线阵列吸收率呈上升趋势,当缝隙间距等于80nm时,在400~660nm、760~1 300nm两个波段内吸收率较高,吸收峰值最大可以达到98%;以吸收率大于50%为基准,当缝隙间距等于80nm时,其吸收波段最宽.     

基于受激布里渊散射的波长间隔可变多波长光纤激光器

提出了一个基于自激发受激布里渊散射的波长间隔可变多波长光纤激光器.利用单模光纤中自激发产生的非线性布里渊增益和掺铒光纤的线性增益组成混合增益光纤激光器,从而使光纤激光器在室温下产生稳定的多波长输出.改变双折射光纤环镜滤波器中保偏光纤的长度,可以实现波长间隔可变多波长激光产生,提高了多波长光纤激光器操作的灵活性和实用性.实验实现了波长间隔从0.8nm至0.076nm可变的多波长激光产生,波长数随波长间隔减小而增加,间隔为0.08nm的激光波长数达86.     

基于受激布里渊散射的波长间隔可变多波长光纤激光器

提出了一个基于自激发受激布里渊散射的波长间隔可变多波长光纤激光器.利用单模光纤中自激发产生的非线性布里渊增益和掺铒光纤的线性增益组成混合增益光纤激光器,从而使光纤激光器在室温下产生稳定的多波长输出.改变双折射光纤环镜滤波器中保偏光纤的长度,可以实现波长间隔可变多波长激光产生,提高了多波长光纤激光器操作的灵活性和实用性.实验实现了波长间隔从0.8 nm至0.076 nm可变的多波长激光产生,波长数随波长间隔减小而增加,间隔为0.08 nm的激光波长数达86.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.