基于光栅投影和点云体积计算的过度包装检测系统

为了实现商品过度包装的无接触检测,设计了一种基于光栅投影的商品过度包装检测系统。首先利用投影仪和两个高分辨率摄像头,实现物体三维点云的获取,再提出物体点云的包围盒获取算法,计算物体的包围盒体积及三维点云体积,最后根据容积率和空隙率,检测商品包装是否过度。实验结果表明,系统能有效基于点云形状生成包围盒,点云体积计算准确度能达到95％,耗时比广泛使用的Poisson方法明显减少。     

应用于移动平台的器官柔性形变仿真方法

研究了应用于移动平台的器官柔性形变仿真方法。提出了面向移动平台的碰撞检测方法,通过模型的外层包围盒迅速剔除场景中未发生碰撞的情况,进而对模型的几何面元进行相交检测,从而实现对器官的碰撞检测。研究了应用于虚拟器官的质点-弹簧模型,通过对形变区域的控制降低形变的计算量,通过对虚拟器械的运动控制避免形变过程中虚拟器官发生穿透或者脱离器械的现象。实验结果表明,器官柔性形变仿真与交互方法计算速度快、交互过程自然,可应用于移动平台的虚拟手术仿真系统中。     

增强现实系统虚实亮度评价方法研究

在增强现实系统中,虚拟物体与真实环境之间具有相匹配的亮度关系,会使虚实融合达到逼真的效果。为了获得虚实物体的亮度匹配,根据图像亮度处理的原理,对增强现实系统的虚实环境提出了整体和局部两种亮度评价算法,并对新型光学透视式头盔显示器的亮度匹配算法进行了改进,提高了系统效率。实验结果表明,对在不同情况下的真实环境和虚拟物体来说,这两种算法各有其优点,调节后的结果是理想的。     

基于仿射变换从序列图像恢复物体的三维结构

提出了一种基于仿射变换重建物体三维结构的新算法。不同于以往的基于仿射变换的重建算法,该算法首先基于新的仿射投影矩阵分解算法得到物体三维结构值及摄像机的外参数信息;其次用光束法平差修正模型误差和提高三维结构的精度。算法用仿真实验和实拍图像都得到了精确、可靠的结果。     

卡尔曼预测及姿态补偿算法研究及在机载天线稳定跟踪系统扰动隔离应用

为集中展示校园风貌和文化氛围,基于Creator和Vega平台实现了自动导航寻径的虚拟校园漫游系统。结合校园建筑特点,引入面向对象思想并应用有向无环树状图组织场景数据,实现了对虚拟场景的层次化管理。在建模阶段,利用不同精度的纹理贴图生成不同精度的模型,给出了支持LOD的快速建模方法。在漫游导航中,通过鼠标拾取实时显示虚拟物体的属性信息,运用方向优先的Dijkstra算法查找最短路径并实现漫游导航功能。在普通PC上测试,无论是单个模型的渲染效率还是系统的整体性能,场景的逼真度和浏览的顺畅性都较为理想,体现出人机工程顺畅和自然的特征。     

虚拟校园三维场景构建与漫游导航的实现

为集中展示校园风貌和文化氛围,基于Creator和Vega平台实现了自动导航寻径的虚拟校园漫游系统;结合校园建筑特点,引入面向对象思想并应用有向无环树状图组织场景数据,实现了对虚拟场景的层次化管理;在建模阶段,利用不同精度的纹理贴图生成不同精度的模型,给出了支持LOD的快速建模方法;在漫游导航中,通过鼠标拾取实时显示虚拟物体的属性信息,运用方向优先的Dijkstra算法查找最短路径并实现漫游导航功能;在普通PC上测试,无论是单个模型的渲染效率还是系统的整体性能,场景的逼真度和浏览的顺畅性都较为理想,体现出人机工程顺畅和自然的特征。     

用角加速度测量物体转动惯量的实验方法

经研究发现测量物体转动惯量使用被测物体的振动周期,转动惯量与振动周期的平方成正比,二者之间非线性关系,在提高测量精度与优化测量方法工作中未见有降低二者之间的幂而获得线性关系的数学模型。国基项目为了提高转动惯量的测量精准度,探索出的数学模型深奥,算法繁杂。虽然航空航天检测部门的最新专利成果中有启蒙式利用标准块校正转动惯量提高检测精度与效率的尝试,但未推导、合理应用线性数学模型,转动惯量只能在小量程内近似标定,同时形成精确探测与定距呈反方向的关系,限制了测量精度与效率。本文利用角加速度与转动惯量形成正比的数学关系,推导出数学模型可以依据需求而设置测量精度,理论上可以任意设置测量精度。     

基于Delphi 7.0和FX2N PLC的自动控制液压试验系统研制

通过优化照相机的内部参数,运用基于转轴法的外切矩形法对工件进行定位,确定工件像素级的姿态和尺寸。选取物体的ROI后,运用双线性差值算法,实现工件边缘的亚像素提取,通过黑塞范式直线拟合,找到精确的物体边缘。最终实现了运用500万像素的工业照相机,在全景拍摄条件下,测量尺寸在80mm到150mm的工件,测量重复性精度可以达到0.015mm。     

基于神经网络的相位-高度映射算法

建立高精度的相位-高度映射关系是结构光测量技术中的关键技术之一.在精确建立相机图像和投影仪图像对应关系的基础上,使用三层反向传播神经网络训练来建立图像坐标与被测物体三维坐标之间的映射关系.使用带有圆形标志点的平面标定板进行神经网络的样本采集与训练.为了验证本文算法的测量精度,使用训练好的网络对一个标准球和石膏头像进行了测量.实验结果表明,本文算法可以测量具有复杂自由曲面的物体,测量精度可达0.095mm.     

基于全景环带成像的语义视觉里程计

视觉里程计在智能机器人、自动驾驶等领域有着广泛的应用.但是基于有限视场(FOV)针孔相机的经典视觉里程计算法容易受到环境中运动物体和相机快速旋转的影响,在实际应用中鲁棒性和精度不足.针对这一问题,提出全景环带语义视觉里程计.通过将具有超大视场的全景环带成像系统应用到视觉里程计,并将基于深度学习的全景环带语义分割所提供的语义信息耦合到算法的各个模块,减小运动物体和快速旋转的影响,提高在应对这两种挑战性场景时算法性能.实验结果表明,相较于经典的视觉里程计,所提算法在实际环境下可以实现更加精确和鲁棒的位姿估计.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.