基于FT245RL和FPGA的6路数据采集系统设计

针对大规模数据采集过程中存在数据量大与传输速度慢的矛盾,本文设计了基于FT245RL和FPGA的6路数据采集系统。该设计采用Xilinx公司的FPGA作为整个系统的核心,控制A/D转换器实现6路模拟数据的同步采集,并将转换后的数字信号存储到Flash中,最终通过USB2.0转换芯片将数据传输到上位机。试验表明,该数据采集系统能够满足对大容量数据实时采集、存储和上传的要求,具有工作稳定,可靠性高,传输速度快的特点,能够广泛应用于大规模数据的采集。     

基于FPGA的高速数据传输系统设计与实现

为了满足国家重点专项“量子科学实验卫星”中“量子存储板”高速串行数据传输的测试要求,提出了一种以Nios II嵌入式处理器为控制核心,TLK2711、RS422、USB2.0和千兆以太网为传输接口的高速数据传输解决方案;系统采用TLK2711完成高速数据的串并转换,采用RS422完成命令和控制信号的传输,实现与“量子存储板”的高速数据传输;利用Xilinx公司Zynq-7000芯片独有的ARM+FPGA架构实现千兆以太网完成数据的高速传输,利用EXAR公司XR21V1414 USB转串口芯片实现命令、遥测等数据的传输;采用Labview编写上位机控制整个系统的运行,实现命令发送、指令解析、运行状态显示、数据帧产生、高速数据传输、解析和存储等功能;实测结果表明,此系统数据传输速率高达600 Mbps,满足高速串行数据传输的要求,且具有稳定性高、可靠性好等优点。     

基于DSP+FPGA的实时信号采集系统设计与实现

为了提高对实时信号采集的准确性和无偏性,提出一种基于DSP+FPGA的实时信号采集系统设计方案。系统采用4个换能器基阵并联组成信号采集阵列单元,对采集的原始信号通过模拟信号预处理机进行放大滤波处理,采用TMS32010DSP芯片作为信号处理器核心芯片实现实时信号采集和处理,包括信号频谱分析和目标信息模拟,由DSP控制D/A转换器进行数/模转换,通过FPGA实现数据存储,在PC机上实时显示采样数据和DSP处理结果。通过仿真实验进行性能测试,结果表明,该信号采集系统能有效实现实时信号采集和处理,抗干扰能力较强。     

基于ZigBee的特种装备贮运状态监测系统设计

设计了一种基于ZigBee技术的实时贮运状态监测系统。系统通过MEMS传感器实现特种装备贮运状态的采集,采用CC2530模块实现数据的无线传输,以ARM微处理器STM32F407为核心实现数据的实时存储、分析与显示,并应用数字滤波算法对数据进行滤波处理,提高了检测数据的精确度。系统测试结果表明该系统对于节点信息的采集和无线传输具有较高的可靠性和稳定性,具有推广应用价值。     

基于Linux的FPGA+ARM高速数据采集系统设计

对于高速A/D的采集,采用I/O读取方式, ARM9最大能够采集500KSPS的A/D,因此ARM不能实现对更高速度数据读取;为达到更高速,提出了FPGA+ARM的双核架构的高速数据采集的方法,FPGA能够采集2MSPS的A/D,并采用ARM的DMA完成与FPGA的FIFO通信,以及使用Linux的内存映射技术来提高应用层与内核层数据传输效率,完成数据采集。该系统设计了FPGA+ARM接口电路,开发了Linux下的DMA驱动程序。经试验测试,系统具有高速采集的性能。     

基于FPGA的大容量数据高速采集系统的设计

介绍了一种基于DDR2 SDRAM与USB 2.0接口的大容量数据高速采集系统,该系统以FPGA为控制核心;利用FPGA的内部模块化的编程、DDR2 SDRAM的大容量存储以及USB 2.0接口的高速传输能力实现了数据的高速采集、大容量存储和传输;该系统支持热插拨和即插即用,使用方便;实验结果表明该系统可以实时高速的进行数据采集、存储和传输,最高传输速率可达20 MByte/s;在信号的高速采集领域有着很高的应用价值。     

基于OMAPL138和FPGA构架的PC104主板检测系统

为了对PC104主板进行自动检测,分析了PC104主板工作原理及其总线时序,提出了一种基于ARM+FPGA的嵌入式检测系统的设计方案;该方案采用德州仪器(TI)双核架构的高性能芯片OMAPL138中的ARM核来实现检测系统的应用管理,DSP核实现数据的处理,并利用FPGA技术来实时采集PC104总线数据;检测系统在Linux操作系统下,通过人机交互方式实现了PC104主板的各种功能的自动检测;实验结果显示该检测快速可靠,为PC104主板的自动检测提供了一种有效的方法。     

基于CH378的便携式高速数据采集系统设计与实现

针对数据采集系统在速度、容量和体积方面的需求,文中提出了一种基于FPGA的便携式高速数据采集系统方案,采用可充电锂电池作为供电电源,采用FPGA控制读写大容量Flash数据作为高速数据缓冲,控制USB接口芯片CH378完成对U盘的读写操作,实现大容量数据的可靠和便携存储;详细介绍了该测试系统的设计背景、硬件电路的设计依据、固件程序的设计思想和测试系统的具体实现;实验结果表明,该系统具有成本低、通用性强、可靠性高、便携式操作等优点,能够实现数据的高速采集,海量存储,实现了脱离计算机直接存储数据至U盘的功能。     

基于FPGA的视频采集及实时显示系统设计

针对现有的目标识别及跟踪系统项目,为了便于其调试以及后期对目标的位置信息进行监控,对图像采集及实时显示方面进行了研究,设计了基于FPGA的视频采集及显示系统,首先进行硬件选型并搭建硬件平台,对各模块进行分析,编写驱动程序,设计SDRAM控制器,改进了现有的乒乓操作,并使用FIFO完成跨时钟数据的交互,保证了数据流的连续性。实验结果表明使用该乒乓操作后,消除了两帧图像切换时由于时钟不同步带来的图像交错,能够稳定的完成视频采集及实时显示的功能。实践表明该系统能够满足采集存储的速度,达到实时采集并显示的目的,具有运行稳定、可扩展性好等特点。     

基于STM32的数显轨距尺图像数据采集系统设计

为了实现数显轨距尺测量数据的采集、存储功能,设计了一种结构简单、性能稳定的数显轨距尺图像数据采集系统,实现了轨距尺图像数据的实时采集、显示、存储功能。系统能够获取数显轨距尺测量数据图像,并将图像显示在LCD屏上,图像信息存储于SD卡中,既完成了测量数据的实时传输,又实现了对测量数据的保存。系统以Cortex-M4为内核的STM32F407ZGT6作为控制核心,利用OV2640作为图像传感器采集彩色图像,采用TFTLCD真彩液晶显示屏显示图像,利用FATFS文件系统实现SD卡的读写,从而使系统能够存储图像数据。实验结果表明,图像的采集系统稳定可靠,采集图像清晰,满足设计要求,对轨距尺读数的自动识别以及轨道测量数据的存储具有重要意义。     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.