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1前言近年来由于稀土磁性材料的发现和成功研制,使低温回热式气体制冷机的性能有了很大的提高,尤其是G-M型制冷机和脉管制冷机的效果更为明显。作者在1994年初自行设计的一台液氦温区双级ibM型制冷机上取得了3.0K的无负载制冷温度,制冷量515mw/4.ZK的好结果,重要的是这台制冷机的降温速度快,且其稳定性、复现性也较好。本文就该制冷机的设计、加工及实验结果作简要的总结,以利于直接到达液氦温区双级G—M型制冷机的设计和应用。2制冷机的设计2.1制冷机的设计参数制冷机的设计参数见表1。2.2设计原则(1)要保证第二级蓄冷器… 相似文献
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自由活塞斯特林制冷机作为一种新型制冷技术,具有效率高、可靠性好、结构紧凑、环境友好等特点.目前,室温温区自由活塞斯特林制冷机存在回热器声功利用量少、出口声功大等问题,导致排出器反馈声功大、尺寸大,给加工工艺和实际应用带来困难.本文基于SAGE软件,对室温温区自由活塞斯特林制冷机的核心单元结构进行了设计.通过多级制冷流程,提高制冷的声功利用,同时探究排出器对制冷性能的影响,寻找减小排出器直径的有效方法.在以制冷系数为优化计算目标、限制排出器行程的前提下,得到了不同核心单元直径的三级自由活塞斯特林制冷机可实现的最小排出器尺寸.计算结果显示,总核心单元等效面积相近时,三级自由活塞斯特林制冷机的排出器面积可减小至单级的49%.即多级制冷机有效减小了排出器尺寸,推动自由活塞斯特林制冷机在室温温区的应用. 相似文献
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自从发现氧化物高温超导体以来,世界各国竞相研究和开发高温超导电子器件,并力求付诸应用。这些器件可以工作在液氮温区(或用于小型的闭合循环制冷机).在成本、维修、使用方便等方面较之液氦温区的器件有很大改进.更重要的是,高温趋导电子器件的工作温度与半导体器件的工作温度已经互相一致,因而有可能开发出超导体-半导体混合电路,提供独到的优良性能.由于高温超导体的能隙比低温超导体大致高出一个量级,电子器件的极限性能(例如截止频率)亦可望大大改进.本文主要讨论高温超导电子学的现况和存在的问题. 相似文献
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针对当前低温超导电子、军事及空间探测等对液氦温区紧凑、长寿命、高可靠性制冷技术的需求,设计并研制了一台三级斯特林型脉管制冷机。讨论了制冷机第三级的回热器、脉管、调相机构等相关参数的设计,着重分析了液氦温区回热器长度与温度分布的特殊关系。实验中以He-4为工质,第三级在充压0.91 MPa,频率29.9 Hz,输入电功率100 W的工况下获得了4.97 K的最低无负荷温度,有制冷量25 mW@6 K。该结果首次证明了采用He-4为工质、以三级结构的斯特林脉管制冷机实现液氦温区制冷的可行性。 相似文献
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Oguzhan Ozbalci 《实验传热》2018,31(3):183-193
In this present study, the forced convection heat transfer from aluminum foam heat sinks with 10, 20, 40 PPI pore density placed in a discrete form in a partially open cavity were experimentally investigated. Air was used as working fluid. The uniform heat flux was applied to 3 × 3 array of foam heat sinks horizontally mounted in the cavity. The experimental studies were performed for the 3363–9743 range of Reynolds number and the 2.7 x 106 and 7.5 x 106 range of modified Grashof number. The effects of the Reynolds number, the modified Grashof number and the pore density of foam heat sink on the heat transfer were investigated. The results obtained were compared with the results obtained without foam heat sink cases. In addition, the most heated elements within the cavity were identified and solution proposals were presented. In addition, the most heated elements within the cavity were identified and solution proposals were presented. 相似文献
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The waste heat recovery unit is one of the most important units in the chemical process. It recovers waste heat from the exhaust gas of the process resulting in the reduction of heat loss. In the detergent manufacturing process, the particulate air leaving the spray dryer is the exhaust gas containing the large amount of heat. Therefore, a waste heat recovery unit can significantly reduce heat loss. In this work, heat transfer coefficients of a waste heat recovery unit in the detergent manufacturing process were studied. Waste heat from the particulate air is recovered in the shell and coiled tube heat exchanger. The particulate air flows in the shell side, and water flows in the tube side. Four coiled tubes with different coil pitches were investigated. The results show that the tube-side heat transfer coefficient increases as the coil pitch decreases. Loading ratio also has an important effect on heat transfer coefficients. The increase of loading ratio leads to a lower value of the overall heat transfer coefficient. From 100 experiments, empirical correlations for the prediction of tube-side and shell-side heat transfer coefficients were proposed. The results indicate that the predicted heat transfer coefficients agree well with the experimental values. 相似文献
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文中首先分析了常规太阳能喷射式制冷系统优缺点;其次,提出了一种新型TSSIER系统.考虑到实际中热源的变化,选择两种研究方案.方案一,系统的热源选择和位置较灵活,可有效地利用低品味余热;方案二,可以直接进行光热转换,少了一套纯采热系统等.最后阐述了对两种方案的研究方向和思路. 相似文献
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雾化喷射冷却的机理及模型研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
雾化喷射冷却的换热机理十分复杂,目前其研究还很不成熟。本文从喷射雾滴的特性参数出发,以被冷却表面上形成的喷射液膜为对象,考虑了冷却液体向环境的散热,建立质量、能量守恒方程,得到半经验半解析的雾化喷射换热模型。其中,本文提出真换热系数和显换热系数的概念,认为显换热系数受空间散热影响,而真换热系数只与喷雾动量有关。最后设计了雾化喷射局部换热实验,对模型进行检验,结果表明,该模型能够较好地符合实验所得的换热系数及加热面表面温度沿喷射半径的分布趋势。 相似文献
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S. J. Jeong 《实验传热》2013,26(3):257-265
Abstract Because carbon dioxide is ozone friendly and has negligible global warming potential, it has received renewed interest in recent years as an important alternative refrigerant. In this article, the heat transfer characteristics of a carbon dioxide-filled two-phase closed thermosyphon were investigated experimentally, and the empirical heat transfer correlations are reported. The heat transfer data were analyzed, and heat transfer coefficients were compared with conventional heat transfer correlations. The results represent that heat transfer correlation of the heated section can be expressed with Kutatelatze's correlation, and heat transfer coefficients of the condenser section are found to be in reasonable agreement with the Nusselt equation. 相似文献
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根据高炉冲渣水的余热特点,提出了一个采用分离式热管换热器的余热回收的方案。文中对余热回收方案中换热设备的结构特点进行了描述。 相似文献