液体的脉冲差分光声喇曼光谱

采用脉冲光声方法测量了各种有机和无机液体的受激喇曼光谱,探讨了影响这种光谱技术灵敏度的主要原因,即来自线性吸收信号的干扰,并进一步采用一种改进的方法——差分方法,消除了线性光声信号的影响,可以测量到比较弱的喇曼谱线以及浓度比较低的物质的喇曼光谱,并探讨了这种技术在痕量物质测量以及探测环境污染物质等领域中的应用前景.     

LiZnTa_3O_9晶体的喇曼光谱及其对称性

本文首次获得了LiZnTa_3O_9晶体的喇曼光谱,并与LiTaO_3的喇曼光谱进行了比较.前向喇曼散射表明此晶体不存在极化声子色散,从而断定其对称性是D_(3d)点群,然后对LiZnTa_3O_9的喇曼光谱进行了识别和讨论.     

钽酸锂晶体的喇曼光谱及其方向色散的测定

为了测定钽酸锂铁电晶体异常声子的方向色散,我们找到一种较为满意的直角散射几何配置,制备了十个不同取向的样品,并为消除内反射光引起的附加散射,在样品表面上镀了增透膜,获得了波夫与光轴成不同夹角时的一系列寻常声子和异常声子的喇曼光谱.对这些喇曼光谱进行了识别,认定了四个A_1光学声子和九个E光学声子,确定了十三个异常声子方向色散支.由于全部异常声子的散射峰能始终一起出现在同一喇曼光谱中,使得异常声子方向色散的确定一目了然.最后用单轴晶体异常声子方向色散公式计算了异常声子的方向色散曲线,实验与理论计算相当符合.     

钆镓石榴石单晶的喇曼光谱

测量了助熔剂法和提拉法生长的钆镓石榴石单晶的喇曼光谱。识别了该晶体的喇曼活性声子。和文献[6]相比,本文得到了更完全的结果。我们也比较了两种方法生长的晶体的喇曼谱,声子模式彼此一致。发现一些不同的谱线,这被识别为不同稀土掺杂离子的荧光谱线。 关键词：     

液芯光纤喇曼光谱的研究

本文叙述了利用液芯光纤技术获得最佳自发喇曼光谱的方法和条件。用16mW He-Ne激束为泵光浦源,获得了较高强度的溴苯自发喇曼光谱。首次用测量喇曼信号强度的方法,计算出光纤衰损系数α,从而获得了最大喇曼光谱所对应的最佳光纤长度。本文以15OmW Ar离子(488nm)激光器为光源,用Spex1403喇曼系统,得到了丰富的溴苯喇曼光谱,比用普通方法获得的喇曼光谱强度高两个数量级。实验结果与理论计算基本符合。     

高温超导体的喇曼光谱研究

<正> 本文评述高温超导体的喇曼光谱研究工作,较详细地介绍了超导体中声子、电子和磁子的喇曼散射及其与高温超导性的关联.一、引言二、晶体结构与晶格振动谱晶体结构与对称性晶格动力学     

固体中光声喇曼效应的原理特性分析

从相干喇曼放大过程出发,运用准平衡模型以及热弹理论,对固体样品中光声喇曼效应进行理论分析,导出了脉冲激光泵浦下的光声喇曼信号表达式,并做了数值估算.总结分析了固体介质中光声喇曼效应的一些特性.     

YVO_4晶体及其掺Nd的喇曼光谱

本文报道了对YVO4 晶体及其掺Nd的喇曼光谱的测量结果 ,用这些结果可以了解到这种材料的声子能谱情况 ,在与其它基质材料比较中可以看出它的特点是 :分立的低声子在 5 0 0～ 80 0cm-1之间有一个间隙 ,主要的部分分布在 80 0～ 90 0cm-1附近 ,根据群论分析可以得出各喇曼谱线相应的对称性 ,而且可看出这些喇曼谱线主要来源于VO3 -4 的振动。对这种不均匀分布的声子能谱对于其光谱性能可能产生的影响也作了分析讨论。测量结果还发现掺杂能抑制原有的高能声子。     

基质发光材料Na5Eu(MoO4)4和NaEu(MoO4)2的喇曼光谱

本文研究了基质发光材料Na5Eu(MoO4)4和NaEu(MoO4)2的喇曼光谱.用群论方法分析了它们的内、外振动模式,对实验振动模进行了指认.本文还将上述喇曼光谱与Na5Eu(WO4)4、CaWO4、SrWO4、CaMoO4和SrMoO4的喇曼光谱进行了比较,Na5Eu(MoO4)4和NaEu(MoO4)2的喇曼光谱结果表明(MoO4)2-离子团的高能量拉伸内振动是产生Eu3+的5D2→5D1,5D1→5D0-多声子无辐射弛豫的原因,这导致了Eu3+在这类材料中主要产生5DO→7Fj的发光跃迁.     

YVO4晶体及其掺Nd的喇曼光谱

本文报道了对YVO4晶体及其掺Nd的喇曼光谱的测量结果,用这些结果可以了解到这种材料的声子能谱情况,在与其它基质材料比较中可以看出它的特点是：分立的低声子在500－800cm^-1之间有一个间隙,主要部分分布在800－900cm^-1附近,根据群论分析可以得出各喇曼谱线相应的对称性,而且可看出这些喇曼谱线主要来源于VO4^3-的振动,对这种不均匀分布的声子能变对于其光谱性能可能产生的影响也作了分析讨论,测量结果还发现掺杂能抑制原有的高能声子。     

凝聚态物质中的光声喇曼效应理论

用热弹性理论系统地分析了凝聚态物质的光声喇曼效应,分别导出了连续和脉冲激光泵浦下的光声喇曼信号表达式,并做了数值估算.     

CH4分子ν1模拉曼诱导克尔效应谱与受激拉曼光声光谱峰形的比较

以气相甲烷分子ν₁模Q支的拉曼光谱为例，采用拉曼诱导克尔效应谱(RIKES)进行峰形测量，并将其与同时测量的受激拉曼光声光谱(PARS)的峰形进行了比较.结果表明，在pump光和Stokes光均为线偏振的情况下，两者存在着差异；在拉曼共振峰的低频端，RIKES谱强度略高；而高频端则恰好相反.从信号产生机制出发，对此进行了合理解释. 关键词： 拉曼诱导克尔效应谱 受激拉曼光声光谱 峰形     

Photoacoustic Raman Spectroscopy of Gases

Abstract

Photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy (PARS) [1] is a nonlinear spectroscopic technique based upon the selective population of a given energy state of a system by the process of coherent Raman amplification (stimulated Raman scattering). The necessary conditions for this process are: (1) the transition involving the initial and final energy levels must be Raman-active, i.e., the transitions must involve a change in the molecular polarizability; and (2) the frequency difference of the two incident laser beams must be adjusted to equal the frequency of this Raman-active transition. Since the occurrence of a Raman spectrum depends on a change in polarizability of the molecule and not on the presence of a transition dipole moment, Raman-active transitions can occur for molecules that have no infrared spectrum. This fact makes PARS a particularly attractive analytical technique for studying molecules which have no infrared spectrum The PARS technique was first demonstrated experimentally using     

Precise measurement of the depolarization ratio from photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy

A new method for the accurate determination of the Raman depolarization ratio is reported with an improved setup for photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy (PARS). The precise measurement is achieved by measuring the dependence of the acoustic signal intensity on the cross‐angle between the polarizations of two incident laser beams. We demonstrate this sensitive and simple method with several gaseous molecules, such as CH₄ and H₂. The measured results of depolarization ratios agree well with the theoretical values with an upper error limit of ± 0.005, which is comparable to that with polarization‐resolved CARS spectroscopy. Copyright © 2007 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

气相二氧化碳分子拉曼退偏比的准确测量

利用灵敏的光声拉曼光谱技术对气相二氧化碳分子在1240～1430 cm^-1振动光谱的拉曼退偏比进行了测量. 通过测量并拟合光声拉曼信号强度随两束入射光偏振方向夹角的变化,得到了比文献报道中更为精确的退偏比数据.     

Strong selective excitation of Raman-active vibrations and energy transfer between low-lying vibrational states of a CO2 molecule studied by PARS and CARS

We experimentally demonstrate the novel technique of inducing the highly nonequilibrium distribution of molecules over vibrational states by two-frequency coherent Raman excitation. The technique can be used for selective excitation of totally symmetric and other Raman-active molecular transitions. Two counter propagating focused laser beams (second harmonic of Nd: YAG and dye laser) were used to induce population difference changes at the 00⁰0–10⁰0 transition in CO₂ molecules. The excitation and relaxation kinetics of this and neighbours vibrational modes of CO₂ were studied both by CARS and PARS. Vibrational excitation of up to 20% of the total number of irradiated molecules is measured; previously unknown desactivation constant of CO₂ (10⁰0) and CO₂ (02⁰0) states via CO₂ (01¹0) state is estimated to be K = (3±1) × 1 ⁵s^-1torr^-1.     

Recalculation of sextic centrifugal distortion constants of ozone

A complete set of sextic centrifugal distortion constants of ozone is calculated by evaluating the theoretical expressions developed by Sumberg and Parker, and also by evaluating the theoretical expressions developed by Aliev and Watson. Comparison with experimentally determined constants shows that similar and satisfactory agreement is obtained with either set of theoretical expressions. The set of calculated sextic constants previously published by Chan and Parker and based on the theoretical expressions of Sumberg and Parker is shown to contain an error. The source of the error is discussed.     

普通物理力学和理论力学的整合

理顺物理类普通物理力学和理论力学的关系,将理论力学中的牛顿力学部分基本上都归入普物力学,加强分析力学部分,并增加非线性力学,改名为分析力学．