原子吸收光谱法测定有机锗（Ge—132）中的锗及其杂质

火焰原子吸收法测定有机锗（Ｇｅ－１３２）中的锗，线性浓度范围为０－１．２５ｍｇ／ｍＬ，方法精度为１．２％，相对标准偏差〉２％，平均回收率为９９．５％，杂质Ｐｂ和Ａｓ用塞曼石墨炉原子吸收测定，Ｐｂ用（ＮＨ４）２ＨＰＯ４＋Ｍｇ作改进剂，Ａｓ用Ｐｄ作改进剂，特征质量分别为８．２ｐｇ和８ｐｇ，相对标准偏差分别为２．１％和２．２％，并讨论了有关机理问题。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定饮料和中成药中锗

本文研究了石墨炉原子吸收（ＧＦＡＡＳ）直接测定某些饮料和中成药中的锗。选用钯和酒石酸为改进剂与纯钯比较，灰化温度提高至１６００℃未见锗的损失，灵敏度提高了３７％。具有较强的抗干扰的能力。本法特征质量ｍｏ值为３２ｐｇ，实际样品测定检出限为０．２４μｇ／Ｌ（３σ计），相对标准偏差为２．６％，回收率８９％－１１０％。     

氢化—AFS法测定青藏高原中草药中的微量砷,锑,硒和汞

本文研究了氢化物发生无色散原子荧光法测定青藏高原中草药中的微量砷，锑，硒和汞的方法，在选定的最佳工作条件下，１４种干扰元素的含量低于允许存在量，不影响测定，检出限（μｇ／ｍＬ）为：Ａｓ１．３，Ｓｂ０．３９，Ｓｅ０．２４，Ｈｇ０．４４，９次测定的相对标准偏差（％）的为Ａｓ２．４～４．２Ｓｂ２．５～５．６，Ｓｅ３．１～５．０，Ｈｇ３．８～５．９。４个元素的回收率为９４．７～１０５．４％本方法简便，快速     

原子吸收光谱法测定有机锗（Ge─132）中的锗及其杂质

火焰原子吸收法测定有机锗（Ｇｅ．１３２）①中的锗，线性浓度范围为０－１．２５ｍｇ／ｍＬ，方法精度为１．２％，相对标准偏差＜２％，平均回收率为９９．５％。杂质Ｐｂ和Ａｓ用塞曼石墨炉原子吸收测定，Ｐｂ用（ＮＨ_４）_２ＨＰＯ_４＋Ｍｇ作改进剂，Ａｓ用Ｐｄ作改进剂，特征质量分别为８．２ｐｇ和８ｐｇ，相对标准偏差分别为２．１％和２．２％，并讨论了有关机理问题。     

1.55μmSi_(1-x)Ge_x光波导与Si_(1-x)Ge_x/Si多量子阱探测器集成的优化设计

对１．５５μｍ波长的Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ光波导和Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ／Ｓｉ多量子阱（ＭＱＷ）红外探测器的集成器件结构进行了系统的分析和优化设计。优化结果为：１）对Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ光波导，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．０５，脊宽、高和腐蚀深度分别为８、３和２．６μｍ；２）对Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ／Ｓｉ多量子阱红外探测器，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．５，探测器由厚度为５５０ｎｍ、２３个周期的６ｎｍＳｉ０．５Ｇｅ０．５＋１７ｎｍＳｉ组成，长度约２ｍｍ。结果表明，这种结构器件的内量子效率可达８８％。     

等色染料离子对浮选光度法测定铂

提出了等色染料离子对浮选光度法、向罗丹明６Ｇ（Ｒ６Ｇ）和Ｐｔ（ＳｎＣｌ３）５＾３－的异丙醚浮选物Ｐｔ（ＳｎＣｌ３（５（Ｒ６Ｇ）３中，加入ＰＨ＝５．５的醋酸－醋酸铵缓冲溶液，使Ｒ６Ｇ离子进入水相，并向其中加入与Ｒ６Ｇ颜色相同的四溴荧光素（ＴＢＦ）〉形成等色染料等离子对Ｒ６Ｇ，ＴＢＦ，再被甲茉浮选，将浮选物溶于丙酮，于５３０ｎｍ处进行光度测定，由于６个染料分子（Ｐｔ：Ｒ６Ｇ：ＴＢＦ）＝（１：３：３）ｅ     

间接光度法测定天然水中痕量Se(Ⅳ)

本文提出了在表面活性剂ＴＰＣ存在下，Ｉ３＾－间接光度法测定痕量硒。该方法灵敏度高，除铁外其他离子基本无干扰，选择性好，测定２．０μｇ Ｓｅ（Ⅳ）的样品１０次，ＲＳＤ＝３．９％，精密度较好，适用于水样中Ｓｅ（Ⅳ）的测定，实测了天然水中硒，结果满意。     

1.55μmSi1—xGex光波导在Si1—xGex／Si多量子阱探测器集成的优…

对１。５５μｍ波长的Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ光波导和Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ／Ｓｉ多量子阱红外探测器的集成器件结构进行了系统的分析和优化设计。优化结果为：１）对Ｓｉ１－ｘＧｅｘ光波导，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．０５，脊宽，高和腐蚀深度分别为８，３和２．６μｍ，２）对ＳＩ１－ｘＧｅｘ／Ｓｉ多量子阱红外探测器，Ｇｅ含量ｘ＝０．５，探测器由厚度为５５０ｎｍ，２３个周期的６ｎｍＳｉ０．５ＧＥ０．５＋１８ｎｍＳｉ组成，长度约２ｍｍ。     

锡,锗化合物的光电子能谱和质谱研究

用光电子能谱（ＸＰＳ）和质谱（ＭＳ）分别研究了９种锗，锡的化合物Ｇｅ３ｄ，Ｓｎ３ｄ轨道电子结合能化学位移与其所处不同化学环境的关系。着重讨论了取代基团电负性对Ｇｅ３ｄ，Ｓｎ３ｄ结合能化学位移的影响。     

等离子体发射光谱法测定富硒鸡蛋中的营养元素

本文利用高频电感耦合等离子体光谱仪直接测定了富硒鸡蛋中的Ｆｅ,Ｚｎ,Ｃａ,Ｍｇ,Ｍｎ,Ｓｅ和Ｃｕ７种微量元素,方法简便,快速,可靠,具有良好的精密度和准确度。相对标准偏差为１．５％￣６．７％,回收率为９３％￣１０６％,测定结果令人满意。     

石墨炉原子吸收法测定人红细胞膜结合硒

本文采用镍－硝酸镁作基体改进剂，用石墨炉原子地测定人红细胞膜结合硒，并对该方法进行了研究探索，在选定的实验条件下，该方法特征质量为１６．０ｐｇ／０．００４４Ａ．Ｓ，检出限为７．４ｐｇ，回收率为９２％－１０８％，相对标准偏差为８．９％，１０种共存元素含量在正常生理浓度范围内不干扰测定，经过样品测试分析，证明本方法准确，快速，满足分析要求。     

Direct mass measurements of short-lived A=2Z-1 nuclides (63)Ge, (65)As, (67)Se, and (71)Kr and their impact on nucleosynthesis in the rp process

Mass excesses of short-lived A=2Z-1 nuclei (63)Ge, (65)As, (67)Se, and (71)Kr have been directly measured to be -46,921(37), -46,937(85), -46,580(67), and -46,320(141) keV, respectively. The deduced proton separation energy of -90(85) keV for (65)As shows that this nucleus is only slightly proton unbound. X-ray burst model calculations with the new mass excess of (65)As suggest that the majority of the reaction flow passes through (64)Ge via proton capture, indicating that (64)Ge is not a significant rp-process waiting point.     

新型硫族化合物在中红外非线性光学晶体方面研究进展

利用红外非线性光学晶体材料对已有的成熟的激光光源进行频率转换是获得3~5μm和8~12μm"大气窗口"红外激光的主要方法。传统的红外非线性光学晶体存在缺陷,不能满足应用要求,需要探索新型的红外材料。综述了以硫族化合物为研究对象,寻找新型中红外非线性光学晶体材料的研究进展。介绍了Li MQ2(M=Ga,In;Q=S,Se,Te),BaGa4S7,BaGa4Se7,BaGa2MQ6(M=Si,Ge;Q=S,Se)及Li2In2MQ6(M=Si,Ge;Q=S,Se)的研究进展。     

原子核的反常宇称能谱研究

将具有负宇称的 fp 空间扩大到包含1g9/2 轨道, 采用修正的表面相互作用(MSDI), 对64Ge, 66Ge, 68Ge, 70Se, 72Se, 74Se, 76Kr 和 78Kr等偶偶核作了形变Hartree Fock计算, 得到了基态和一些激发态的解. 同时, 还用近似角动量投影形变Hartree Fock（PDHF）方法对偶偶核64Ge, 74Se和奇A核79Kr进行了能谱计算, 得到其正、 负宇称带的解, 计算结果与实验谱基本一致.Using modified surface delta interaction, enlarging the fp configuration space to include the 1g9/2 orbit with the abnormal parity, the deformed Hartree Fock calculations for the eight nuclei: 64Ge, 66Ge, 68Ge, 70Se, 72Se , 74Se, 76Kr and 78Kr are performed. The ground state and some particle hole excited configurations are obtained. The approximate angular momentum projected deformed Hartree Fock (PDHF) method is applied to even even nuclei 64Ge and 74Se and odd A nuclus 79Kr. Both of their normal and abnormal parity bands are obtained. The calculated energy spectra are consistent well with experimental spectra.     

Defects in a disordered world: the structure of glassy GeSe2

The full set of partial structure factors for the prototypical network glass GeSe2 was measured using the method of isotopic substitution in neutron diffraction. The basic building block of the network is the Ge(Se(1/2))(4) tetrahedron in which 34(5)% of the Ge reside in edge-sharing configurations. The intrinsic chemical order of the glass is, however, broken with a maximum of 25(5)% Ge and 20(5)% Se being involved in homopolar bonds at distances of 2.42(2) and 2.32(2) A, respectively.     

微波消解-电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定烟草中27种元素

在烟草中的有机和生物活性成分被鉴定出来之后,分析和鉴别其中的无机元素就变得非常重要。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法同时测定了烟叶中Be,Na,Mg,K,Ti,V,Cr,Mn,Fe,Co,Ni,Cu,Zn,As,Se,Sr,Mo,Ag,Cd,Sn,Cs,Ba,Hg,Tl,Pb,Th和U共27种元素。样品的前处理采用硝酸和过氧化氢混合溶液。通过在线加入内标液的方法来校正由于基体效应和信号漂移对测量所造成的影响,内标选用锗、铟和铋3种元素。方法的回收率为93.64%～108.9%,检出限为0.356 3 ng·L-1～1.725 μg·L-1,相对标准偏差1.28%～9.18%。实验结果表明该方法能满足痕量分析的要求。     

Evidence for insulator–metal transition in amorphous chalcogenide Se–Ge–Te films

The temperature dependence of the dc conductivity and thermoelectric power was determined for five different amorphous chalcogenide Se–Ge–Te films, with Ge?=?3.0–22?at.%, Se?=?0–97?at.% and Te?=?0–97?at.%. The films were prepared by thermal evaporation of GeSe₄, GeTe₄ and GeSe₂Te₂ quenched bulk materials. Values of the activation energy calculated from the temperature dependence of both electrical conductivity and thermoelectric power showed a decrease with increasing Ge content in the Se–Ge films as well as with replacement of Te for Se in the Se–Ge–Te films. The results showed an Anderson transition, with the conductivity showing insulating behaviour on the Ge–Se side to metallic behaviour at the binary composition Ge–Te. The radius of localization was obtained for the different compositions investigated. The wave function associated with the charge carriers at the composition Ge_3.3Te_96.7 is non-localized. A minimum metallic conductivity of 237?±?5?(Ω?cm)^?1 was found.     

Fractal Germanium Patterns: Annealing Strategies and Perspectives of Metal-Induced Crystallization

Semiconductor germanium (Ge) in contact with some metals, such as Al, Pd, and Au, etc., is a class of distinctive materials with non-integer dimensions (D) that differ from integer dimensional materials, such as nanoparticles (0D), nanowires/nanorods//nanotubes/nanoribbons (1D), and thin films (2D). In this article, we describe our efforts toward understanding the annealing strategies and perspectives of metal-induced crystallization for the amorphous Ge embedded in Al, Pd, and Au matrices prepared by high vacuum thermal evaporation techniques, highlighting contributions from our laboratory. First, we present the Al-induced crystallization of amorphous Ge and formation processes of fractal Ge patterns. In addition, the fractal Ge patterns induced by Pd nanoparticles with solid-state reactions will be summarized in detail. Temperature-dependent properties of resistance and fractal dimension in Pd/Ge bilayer films will be expounded. In particular, the nonlinear optical properties are discussed in detail. Finally, we will emphasize the in situ observations by transmission electron microscopy and multi-fractal analysis for the fractal Ge patterns induced by Au nanoparticles. Moreover, the polycondensation-type fractal Ge patterns with non-integer dimensions, thick branches and smooth edges, and metastable gamma-Au_0.6Ge_0.4 are further investigated. The computer simulation indicated that the experimental results are good agreement with the simulation patterns, which were carried out by a ripening mechanism of non uniform grains. This review may provide a novel insight to modulate their competent performance and promote rational design of micro/nanodevices.     

ICP-AES法测定Pd/Al_2O_3中钯的干扰问题

本文研究了用 ICP- AES法测定 Pd/Al2 O3催化剂中钯所存在的干扰问题。考察了基体及所用试剂对钯测定的影响 ,发现氧化铝基体、硫酸等对钯的测定均有负干扰 ,提出采用基体匹配法测定 Pd/Al2 O3中的钯含量。方法回收率在 96%以上 ,9次测定相对标准偏差小于 3%