离心压气机叶排间涡脱落及气流脉动行为研究

对某一带叶片扩压器跨声速离心压气机内部三维非定常流场进行了数值模拟,依据计算结果描述了叶轮叶片尾缘尾迹涡脱落行为,给出了叶轮尾缘脉动压力频谱特性图和叶轮出口位置脉动速度动能分布图。研究结果表明,主叶片与分流叶片尾缘尾迹涡脱落过程交替进行;转静干涉和转子叶片尾缘的涡脱落行为是造成叶轮尾缘气流脉动行为的主要原因,随着时间的...     

离心压气机回流槽改型拓稳研究

采用CFD方法,对带进气回流的离心压气机进行了仿真研究,并根据试验进行了验证。为了拓宽离心压气机的稳定工作范围,根据原型机流场,改变了回流槽的几何,仿真结果表明改型能有效拓宽离心压气机的运行范围,且不明显改变压气机效率和压比.流场分析表明,改型增添的导流段对气流的导流作用引起回流槽前槽出口气流方向变化后,叶轮靠近叶顶部位轴向速度增大,叶轮前缘相对气流角降低,叶轮槽道靠近叶顶部位子午速度增加,槽道堵塞情况减轻,流动更为顺畅,是改型拓稳的原因。在80 kr·min~(-1)下,回流量增大,引起后槽下游轴向逆流区域扩张,叶轮吸力面分离流动加剧,是拓稳轻微失效的原因.改型机和原型机几何形状差异小,属于一种简易而有效的拓稳方案。     

叶片尾缘切削对离心压缩机气动性能的影响

以一高压比离心压缩机为研究对象,对叶轮叶片尾缘的压力面和吸力面分别进行切削,采用CFD技术研究了叶片尾缘切削对叶轮及压缩机性能的影响。研究结果表明,叶片尾缘切削改变了压力面或吸力面的出口安装角和叶轮出口流场,压力面切削降低叶轮及压缩机级压比,增加压缩机级效率。吸力面切削使叶轮及压缩机级压比增加,但对效率影响很小。压力面和吸力面切削产生的影响均与切削长度和切削厚度有关,存在最佳切削长度和最佳切削厚度。     

使用确定应力模型研究离心压气机叶片相互作用

离心压气机叶轮和扩压器叶片间空隙很小,在无叶区和半有叶区的流动非定常特性十分明显。特别是离心叶轮出口通常的射流／尾迹流动使得有叶扩压器进口在时间、空间两个尺度上都存在十分强烈的不均匀性。叶轮和扩压器叶片间的相互作用,历来都被认为是影响离心压气机效率和稳定工作范围的重要因素。本文引入确定应力模型和改进的计算域延伸方法,计算了Ｋｒａｉｎ离心压气机组的流场,着重分析了叶轮出口无叶区、半无叶区等叶片间相互作用最强烈的区域的复杂流动现象。     

后掠叶片锯齿尾缘宽频噪声实验研究

本文采用线性传声器阵列分别对具有常规尾缘及锯齿形尾缘的后掠叶片的尾缘噪声进行了实验测量;运用CLEAN-SC数据处理方法精确地识别出叶片尾缘噪声的声学参数.并且基于多组实验结果的对比,深入研究了不同的尾缘锯齿长度、周期、几何比例对后掠叶片尾缘噪声降噪效果的影响.实验结果表明:在低湍流度、自由来流情况下,在总声压级降噪方...     

无叶扩压段型线对离心压气机性能的影响

本文设计了无叶扩压段轮盖侧型线,并采用CFD软件数值模拟了采用两种不同轮盖侧型线结构的离心压气机级．分析了无叶扩压段内部的流动结构和熵的分布．计算结果说明无叶扩压段轮盖侧型线对上游叶轮、下游叶片扩压器以及离心压气机级性能有较大影响．     

纳秒脉冲等离子体激励控制低雷诺数压气机叶栅激波/附面层干扰探索研究

为了揭示等离子体激励调控低雷诺数压气机叶栅激波/附面层干扰的机理,本文选取典型超音速压气机预压缩叶型,利用大涡模拟研究了纳秒脉冲等离子体激励对低雷诺数下超音速压气机叶型附面层流动的调控作用。首先对低雷诺数工况下超音速压气机叶型流动特性和叶栅通道激波系结构进行了研究,以此设计了两种等离子体激励布局。研究发现,位于叶片吸力面和压力面附面层分离点前的等离子体激励均可通过诱导产生畸变团,触发分离剪切层的K-H不稳定并进一步形成展向大涡结构,促进主流与分离区低能流体之间的掺混从而抑制流动分离。同时叶栅通道激波系结构发生改变,分离区形态与通道激波位置相互关联耦合,附面层黏性损失和激波损失占比变化不尽相同。     

基于机器学习XGBoost算法的跨音速离心压气机扩压器气动优化设计

本文以某跨音速离心压气机扩压器为研究对象,提出了一种叶型参数化方法和优化流程,采用机器学习XGBoost算法以及全局寻优模型对其进行了气动优化。研究结果表明,该回归优化模型可以在较少的迭代步数内获得全局最优解,优化速度比传统代理模型具有显著的提升,优化精度与CFD仿真结果相当。优化后的扩压器能够在保证离心压气机压比基本不变的条件下,峰值效率提高1.03%,稳定裕度提高4.79%,对优化后扩压器内部流动进行了分析,讨论了不同设计参数对离心压气机的影响,为离心压气机扩压器设计提供了指导。     

高比转速离心压气机叶轮的设计及其三维流场分析

利用三维数值模拟计算(CFD)技术进行了100 kW微型燃气轮机的高比转速离心压气机叶轮的设计与内部流动的数值模拟与分析,得到了相应的特性曲线与主要气动参数分布。根据数值模拟分析,设计的100 kW微型燃气轮机高比转速离心压气机叶轮具有较高的效率和较宽广且平坦的工作特性,可以满足微燃机总体设计对压气机的要求。流道内存在复杂的跨音速流动现象。在下一步工作中,有必要优化设计叶轮几何型线,提高压气机效率。     

静叶轮毂间隙对压气机角区分离的控制研究

本文以某1.5级轴流压气机为研究对象,采用三维数值模拟方法研究静叶轮毂间隙对压气机角区分离的控制,先从轮毂整体等间隙入手,然后发展到整体梯形间隙,再到部分间隙,最后提出尾缘间隙。结果表明,整体间隙可以吹除静叶根部的角区分离从而改善压气机低工况点的性能,但也付出了设计点性能下降的代价,并且整体梯形间隙优于整体等间隙。而对于轮毂部分间隙,随着间隙位置往尾缘方向移动,部分间隙控制角区分离的能力逐渐增强,设计点性能降低的程度逐渐减轻。最后,提出尾缘间隙,选择一定大小的尾缘间隙可以在基本不降低设计点性能的前提下使低工况点的流量增加0.88 kg/s、效率提高1.37%、压比提高0.15%。     

Experiments on the unsteady flow field and noise generation in a centrifugal pump impeller

This paper reports on an experimental investigation of large-scale flowfield instabilities in a pump rotor and the process of noise generation by these instabilities. Measurements of the fluctuating components of velocity and surface pressure were made with hot-wire probes and surface mounted pressure transducers on a seven bladed back swept centrifugal water pump impeller operating with air as the working fluid. The impeller was operated without a volute or scroll diffuser, thereby eliminating any sound generation from pressure fluctuations on the volute cutoff. Thus the study focused on flow field and noise components other than the blade passage frequency (and its harmonics). The primary goal of the study was to provide fundamental information on the unsteady flow processes, particularly those associated with the noise generation in the device. It was further anticipated that detailed flow measurements would be useful for the validation of future computational simulations.The measured data at the discharge show a jet-wake type of flow pattern which results in a strong vorticity field. The flow with high velocity found on the pressure side of the impeller tends to move to the low-pressure region present at the suction side of the passage as a form of roll-up around the blade trailing edge. This motion causes an unsteady flow separation at the suction side of the blade and consequently disturbs the flow in the adjacent passage. By interacting with the impeller blades near the trailing edges, this instability flow causes a periodic pressure fluctuation on the blade surface and generates noise by a trailing edge generation mechanism. The spectrum of surface pressure measured at the trailing edge of each blade reveals a cluster of peaks which were identified with azimuthal mode numbers. The correlation between the acoustic farfield pressure and the surface pressure on the impeller blade has proven that the azimuthal modes synchronized with the number of impeller blades generate noise much more efficiently than the other modes. The paper also clarifies the correlation between unsteady flowfield measurements, in both impeller and laboratory co-ordinates, with the radiated noise properties. Thus some light is shed on the noise generation mechanisms of this particular device.     

任意空间曲面三元叶轮叶片厚度对气动性能的影响

以任意空间曲面三元闭式叶轮为对象,研究了不同展向和流向叶片厚度分布方案对离心压缩机气动性能的影响。数值结果表明:对等厚叶片沿展向和流向进行合理地削薄,均能在基本不改变小流量工况性能的情况下,显著提升大流量工况的性能。展向削薄叶片和流向削薄叶片带来的性能提升幅度可以叠加,通过组合叶片厚度分布改型,本文压缩机设计工况点等熵效率提升了约2.08%。相比于沿流向削薄前缘和尾缘厚度,沿展向削薄叶尖厚度具有更大的性能提升能力。研究工作为三元闭式离心压缩机叶轮的优化设计提供了有益的参考。     

高速离心压气机的设计与流场数值计算

介绍了一个带有分流叶片的小流量离心压气机的设计过程,这个叶轮的主要设计参数为流量0.215 kg/s,转速95000 r/min,压比1.8。简要介绍了离心压气机设计系统,其中包括初步设计及优化模块,性能仿真模块,叶轮造型模块。使用三维N-S方程对所设计的离心压气机在设计点的性能进行了计算,计算结果表明所设计的离心压气机基本能够满足设计要求。     

计及几何参数变化的离心压气机特性分析

本文采用CFD软件对微型燃机的离心叶轮进行数值模拟,讨论了叶片数及分流叶片位置对叶轮性能的影响,并进行了流场分析。在本文研究的情况中,叶片数增加使得性能曲线左移,单个叶片载荷减小,损失增加,叶轮效率下降, 但是增压效果得到改善。分流叶片位置靠近主叶片压力面时,性能曲线右移,流通能力提高,同时会使分流叶片的载荷增大,当分流叶片靠近主叶片压力面时,则情况相反。     

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on Effects of the Steam Ingestion on the Aerodynamic Stability of an Axial Compressor

In order to investigate the influence of steam ingestion on the aerodynamic stability of a two-stage low-speed axial-flow compressor, multiphase flow numerical simulation and experiment were carried out. The total pressure ratio and stall margin of the compressor was decreased under steam ingestion. When the compressor worked at 40% and 53% of the nominal speed, the stall margin decreased, respectively, by 1.5% and 6.3%. The ingested steam reduced the inlet Mach number and increased the thickness of the boundary layer on the suction surface of the blade. The low-speed region around the trailing edge of the blade was increased, and the flow separation region of the boundary layer on the suction surface of the blade was expanded; thus, the compressor was more likely to enter the stall state. The higher the rotational speed, the more significant the negative influence of steam ingestion on the compressor stall margin. The entropy and temperature of air were increased by steam. The heat transfer between steam and air was continuous in compressor passages. The entropy of the air in the later stage was higher than that in the first stage; consequently, the flow loss in the second stage was more serious. Under the combined action of steam ingestion and counter-rotating bulk swirl distortion, the compressor stability margin loss was more obvious. When the rotor speed was 40% and 53% of the nominal speed, the stall margin decreased by 6.3% and 12.64%, respectively.     

叶片倾角变化对扩压器中非定常流动的影响

本文对离心压气机中扩压器与叶轮匹配时的非定常流动进行了数值研究,主要研究了不同扩压器叶片倾角对扩压器中流场的影响,结果显示,扩压器叶片倾角的改变对扩压器中的流场有很大影响,适当调整扩压器叶片的倾角可以减小扩压器流场的波动,同时,叶片与机匣和轮毂的夹角的变化,对于扩压器中流动的分离的发展有重要影响.因此选择合适的扩压器叶片倾角可以改善离心压气机级的性能.     

黏性耗散对离心压缩机气动性能的影响

针对小流量系数离心压缩机,考察了流体的黏性耗散效应对流动损失的影响程度.通过压缩机模型级的实验测量和数值模拟,分别分析了压缩机级和叶轮在有、无黏性耗散影响下的流动性能.结果表明:当不考虑黏性耗散损失时,压缩机模型级具有较高效率;在黏性耗散效应的影响下,流动的多变效率约降低8个百分点.另外,不同的机壳间隙对多变效率也存在...