基于单端半导体光放大器的可调谐超短光脉冲源理论与实验研究

超短光脉冲源是光时分复用(OTDM)系统中的关键器件.提出了一种基于单端半导体光放大器(SOA)的注入型主动锁模光纤激光器产生超短光脉冲的方案，建立了该方案的理论模型.实验实现了高消光比稳定的重复频率10—40GHz皮秒级光脉冲的输出，输出波长在30nm范围内连续可调. 关键词： 超短光脉冲 单端半导体光放大器 主动锁模     

48.8 km Ultralong Erbium fiber laser in active mode-locking operation

By the use of installed fibers inside the city we demonstrated a 48.8 km ultralong Erbium-doped fiber laser in modelocking regime with repetition rate varying from 1–10 GHz. The shortest pulse duration of 42 ps at 2.5 GHz was obtained by optimization of intracavity dispersion.     

Novel Scheme for Multiple Channel Pulse Generation from a Single Laser Diodefor 10 Gbit/s Based WDM Systems Using RZ Modulation Format

A new technique for the generation of multi-channel optical pulse from a single laser diode (LD) is presented in this paper. 35 channel pulse source with 6.5 GHz repetition rate per channel and 32.5 GHz channel spacing was generated from a subharmonically hybrid mode-locked two section monolithic laser with enhanced amplitude modulation. The obtained pulse source exhibits high extinction ratio (＞10 dB) and low level of root mean square (RMS)phase noise (＜0.11 rad) over all channels from 1556 nm to 1565 nm.     

超低压选择区域生长法制备产生10GHz重复率超短光脉冲的级联电吸收调制器与分布反馈激光器单片集成光源

采用超低压(22×１０^２Pa)选择区域生长(selective area growth, SAG)金属有机化学气相沉积(metal-organic chemical vapor deposition, MOCVD)技术成功制备了InGaAsP/InGaAsP 级联电吸收调制器(electroabsorption modulator, EAM)与分布反馈激光器(distributed feedback laser, DFB)单片集成光源的新型光电器件.实验结果表明，采用该技术制备的器件 关键词： 超低压 选择区域生长 集成光电子器件 超短光脉冲     

紧凑Tesla变压器型纳秒脉冲源

采用带有开路磁芯的Tesla变压器与单筒脉冲形成线一体化结构,研制了一台基于Tesla变压器的紧凑GW级纳秒脉冲源,该源包括一个40Ω脉冲形成线、内置Tesla变压器、初级电路及高压吹气主开关等,具有变比高、结构紧凑、能量传输效率高、便于重复频率运行等特点。给出了脉冲形成线、Tesla变压器和主开关等的工作原理、设计方法和模拟计算。实验结果表明,该脉冲源输出电压大于200kV,脉冲宽度约8ns,可以在重复频率100Hz、平均输出功率1GW情况下稳定运行,实验结果与理论设计相符。     

可调间隙亚纳秒气体开关的研制

 设计了一种高工作电压、高重复频率的亚纳秒气体开关,该开关由Peaking间隙和Chopping间隙组成,可以将纳秒信号转化为亚纳秒脉冲。开关腔外有两组调节旋钮,分别用来调节Peaking间隙和Chopping间隙,使输入脉冲的前后沿能同时得到锐化。对设计的开关进行的实验研究结果表明：在系统重频5 Hz运行时,开关能稳定输出电压278 kV、脉宽620 ps的脉冲;在系统重频100 Hz运行时,开关能稳定输出电压270 kV、脉宽700 ps的脉冲。     

全固态脉冲功率源驱动Ka波段相对论返波管振荡器

利用基于SOS的固态脉冲功率源进行了Ka波段相对论返波管振荡器(RBWO)的实验研究。该固态脉冲功率源工作电压200~360 kV,工作电流约2.6 kA,脉宽约20 ns,脉冲上升前沿约9 ns。SOS固态脉冲功率源驱动Ka波段BWO的实验结果为:微波频率36~38 GHz,脉宽约10 ns,峰值功率约50 MW,重复频率10 Hz。     

基于MOSFET的纳秒级全固态脉冲源设计

采用MOSFET半导体固态开关作为主放电开关取代气体开关、高压二极管替代充电电阻的技术方法,设计了一种基于功率MOSFET固态开关的纳秒级全固态脉冲源。设计的脉冲源主开关级数共5级,每级主开关分别由5只功率MOSFET半导体固态开关器件串联组成,开关通断控制采用脉冲隔离变压器同步驱动方式。在重复频率1 Hz~1 kHz、充电电压4 kV、负载阻抗为1 k条件下,可实现输出幅度大于20 kV、前沿小于10 ns且脉宽大于100 ns的高压快脉冲。通过实验结果验证了所采用的设计原理及方法的可行性,并给出了单次和重复频率（1 kHz）触发信号作用下全固态脉冲源输出的实验结果。     

Generation of 10-GHz ultra-short pulses with low time jitter in an actively mode-locked fiber laser

We have experimentally achieved the 8.3-ps ultra-short pulse at 10 GHz repetition rate with the time jitter as low as 590 fs in an actively mode-locked fiber ring laser. The ring-cavity laser is mode-locked by a semiconductor optical amplifier based on cross-gain modulation. The external CW source is modulated with radio frequency signal by an amplitude modulator as the external optical pulses and, then, injected into the fiber ring cavity to achieve active mode locking. Further investigating the laser output characteristics, it indicates that the linewidth of employed CW source affects properties of the generated ultra-short pulse, such as phase noise and time jitter. Ultra-short pulse at high repetition rate with low time jitter can be generated by the optimization of CW laser source.     

基于半导体断路开关的8 MW,10 kHz脉冲发生器

 功率器件半导体断路开关具有高重复频率工作能力。采用高速绝缘栅双极晶体管组件作为初级充电回路的主开关,建立了一台工作频率为10 kHz的脉冲发生器。脉冲发生器采用磁饱和脉冲变压器、磁开关及高压脉冲电容器组等固态器件进行两级脉冲压缩,产生小于100 ns的电流脉冲,对半导体断路开关进行泵浦,半导体断路开关反向截断泵浦电流在负载上产生高压脉冲输出。实验装置在电阻负载上得到了脉冲输出功率约为8.6 MW,脉冲宽度约10 ns,重复频率10 kHz的高压脉冲输出。     

Passively mode-locked Nd:YVO4 laser with up to 13 GHz repetition rate

We demonstrate passive mode locking of a Nd:vanadate (Nd:YVO₄) laser to repetition rates of up to 13 GHz. With Ti:sapphire pumping, we achieved mode locking at 13 GHz with 310 mW of average output power and pulse widths of 9.5 ps. With diode pumping, we achieved mode locking at a repetition rate of 12.6 GHz with 198 mW of average output power and a pulse duration of 8.3 ps. Received: 6 July 1999 / Published online: 30 July 1999     

20 kV/20 kHz/100 A高压脉冲源设计

设计了一种基于功率金属氧化物半导体场效应晶体管(MOSFET)为开关的高压脉冲电源。采用自匹配传输线结构线路形式,串联多个以光纤信号隔离触发的MOSFET作为高耐压开关,在传输线的外皮产生2个纳秒脉冲,再用传输线变压器对2个纳秒脉冲进行功率合成,在200 Ω负载上输出了幅度20 kV,重复频率20 kHz,脉冲宽度约40 ns的脉冲。分析脉冲源装置结构,对实验装置建立仿真模型,阐述了输出波形畸变的原因,给出了影响输出脉冲波形特性的因素,为下一步优化波形工作提供了理论参考。     

输出平均功率大于2W的高功率、包层抽运、超短脉冲铒镱共掺光纤激光器

采用主振荡功率放大的方式，研制成功集宽带波长连续可调谐、带宽内输出功率谱均衡、高重复频率和高功率性能于一体的超短脉冲包层抽运铒镱共掺光纤激光器.将优化主振荡器和功率放大器的腔结构与掺铒光纤的饱和增益特性结合起来，实现了1535nm—1570nm(35nm带宽)的输出功率均衡的波长连续可调谐激光输出，在带宽内激光功率的最大波动仅为0.5dBm；带宽内平均输出功率大于2W、脉冲重复频率大于10GHz、脉冲宽度小于30ps.该激光器具有综合性能指标先进、结构简单、全光纤化、使用方便等优点. 关键词： 光纤激光器 包层抽运 短脉冲 高重复频率     

基于Sagnac干涉仪的混合锁模光纤激光器

研制了一台波长可调混合锁模掺铒光纤激光器.该激光器是由基于分光比为30∶70的耦合器和偏振控制器组成的Sagnac干涉仪构成.通过10GHz的调制器的调制，得到重复率为9.998149 GHz，脉宽小于18 ps的锁模脉冲输出.该脉冲是近变换极限脉冲.     

亚纳秒气体开关工作特性

 设计了3种结构的同轴Peaking-Chopping组合型亚纳秒气体开关,以半导体开路开关脉冲源为实验平台,分别对它们的击穿特性进行了实验研究。结果表明：亚纳秒气体开关采用环形组合电极Ⅱ时,可以在1～500 Hz稳定工作,输出前沿400 ps、后沿320 ps、脉冲宽度460 ps和电压129.2 kV的脉冲。开关输出脉冲的前后沿、脉冲宽度和电压幅度与开关间隙、气压和重复频率等因素有关,亚纳秒气体开关在小间隙（1～2 mm）、高气压（约10 MPa）时具有良好的重频特性。在开关气压和输入脉冲幅度不变时,输入脉冲上升沿越快,开关的击穿时延越小,击穿电压越高。     

Repetition rate tunable ultra-short optical pulse generation based on electrical pattern generator

An actively mode-locked laser with tunable repetition rate is proposed and experimentally demonstrated based on a programmable electrical pattern generator. By changing the repetition rate of the electrical patterns applied on the in-cavity modulator, the repetition rate of the output optical pulse sequences changes accordingly while the pulse width of the optical pulse train remains almost constant. In other words, the output ultra-short pulse train has a tunable duty cycle. In a proof-of-principle experiment, optical pulses with repetition rates of 10, 5, 2.5 and 1.25 GHz are obtained by adjusting the electrical pattern applied on the in-cavity modulator while their pulse widths remain almost unchanged.     

High-power 10-GHz self-mode-locked Nd:LuVO<Subscript>4</Subscript> laser

We report on a high-power diode-end-pumped self-mode-locked Nd:LuVO₄ laser with the pulse repetition rate up to 9.52 GHz for the first time. The large third-order nonlinearity of the Nd:LuVO₄ crystal is exploited to efficiently achieve a fairly stable self-mode-locked operation without any additional components. The detailed characteristics of the compact efficient self-mode-locked laser are experimentally investigated and theoretically analyzed. With the incident pump power of 2.6 W, the average output power up to 0.54 W is generated with the pulse width of 7.9 ps at the pulse repetition rate of 9.52 GHz.     

强流目标的DC-SRF-II光阴极驱动激光系统设计

为推动北京大学超导加速器实验装置不断向强流目标迈进,提出100 W红外高重频光阴极驱动激光的设计方案,主放大器采用先进的光子晶体增益光纤,保证输出光束的质量。对激光系统中的关键问题,如各部分功率指标、脉冲展宽和压缩、激光耦合等进行了设计,并且考虑了激光的非线性影响。为实现强流加速器开机运行所必备的诊断模式,也提出了对于高重频激光进行两级选频的独特设计方案。将高速的SOA光开关和低速的声光调制器相结合,产生宏脉冲结构的输出激光,从而实现加速器在诊断模式下的运行。     

Tuneable fibre source for picosecond pulses around 1.55 μm with repetition rates up to 20 GHz

We report on the generation of picosecond optical pulses around 1.55 m using a tuneable actively mode-locked erbium-doped fibre ring laser. Pulse widths of less than 10 ps have been achieved within the wavelength range 1518 to 1570 nm at a pulse repetition rate of 20 GHz. Pulse trains with lower repetition rates have been generated using electrical square-wave signals for driving the electrooptic modulator, resulting in <20 ps pulse widths. The implementation of an all polarization-preserving fibre ring cavity enabled stable and reproducible operation of the laser. Minimization of the overall ring dispersion offers tuneability at nearly constant repetition rate throughout the whole wavelength range. Simple analytic expressions are given that allow for optimization of the ring laser performance with respect to output power, relaxation oscillations and wavelength tuneability at constant repetition rate.     

Linearly polarized intracavity passive Q-switched Yb-doped photonic crystal fibre laser

In this paper we report linearly polarized high average power passive Q-switched ytterbium-doped photonic crystal fibre laser with a Cr⁴⁺:YAG crystal as a saturable absorber. An average output power of 9.4 W with pulse duration of 64 ns and pulse repetition rate of 57.4 kHz with a slope efficiency of 52% was achieved. Measured polarization extinction ratio (PER) of the Q-switched laser output was 10.5 dB.