介孔分子筛Al-MCM-41的合成与催化异构化性能

采用正硅酸乙酯(TEOS)为硅源,九水硝酸铝为铝源,十六烷基三甲基溴化胺(CTMABr)为模板剂,在室温条件下合成了介孔Al-MCM-41分子筛.通过XRD、N2等温吸附、SEM、FTIR等分析测试手段表征了分子筛的介孔结构和表面性质.结果表明所合成的分子筛有良好的介孔结构和较高的有序度,并且有较高的比表面积(达到816 m2·g-1)和窄的孔径分布.采用程序升温的焙烧方式、凝胶Al/Si比最大范围控制在0.06～0.13有利于合成高度有序的介孔Al-MCM-41分子筛.评价结果表明,所合成的Al-MCM-41分子筛对桥式四氢双环戊二烯(endo-TCD)异构化反应合成挂式异构体exo-TCD及金刚烷具有较高的催化活性和极高的选择性.     

Er3+在二氧化硅介孔分子筛中的高效率发光及其分析

研究了一种新型的负载Er3 的二氧化硅介孔分子筛纳米材料,分析了其在有无功能化试剂全氟甲基磺酰(bis(perfluoromethylsulfonyl)amine)修饰作用下的吸收和荧光光谱特性,获得了高强度的荧光发射.应用Judd-OfelI理论计算了强度参数(Ω2=1.88×10-20,Ω4=5.45×10-20 cm2,Ω6=3.11×1O-20cm2)、跃迁振子强度、自发跃迁概率、能级辐射寿命等重要的光谱参数,讨论了吸收和发射跃迁截面(Ωem=10.9×10-21 cm2),研究了在介孔分子筛纳米材料中的Er3 在不同的抽运功率条件下的荧光强度变化情况.比较了Er3 在不同基质材料中的带宽特性.研究表明二氧化硅介孔分子筛有利于实现高效率的激光输出或具有较宽带宽的高增益光放大,能够成为掺铒激光器或光放大器的新型基质材料.     

稀土掺杂ABS防激光玻璃的制备及其结构研究

在稀土掺杂碱硼硅酸盐(ABS)玻璃形成能力研究的基础上,采用核磁共振NMR、红外激光拉曼光谱等测试手段研究该种玻璃的结构特征。研究结果表明,[SiO4]2-、[BO4]5-和[BO3]3-等结构单元通过[SiO4]4--[BO4]5-、[BO4]5--[BO3]3-、[BO3]3--[SiO4]4-等连接方式构成了玻璃网络结构,形成了巨大的介稳体系,稀土Sm3+等阳离子则填充在网络空隙之中。光谱研究结果表明,Sm3+掺杂ABS玻璃对1.06μm波长的激光具有很强的吸收,当稀土含量达到20mol%时,玻璃在1.06μm波长的透过率仅为0.03%。     

(100)MgO和(100)LaAlO3高温超导基片材料THz时域光谱研究

THz波段位于微波与红外之间 ,该波段电磁波与物质的相互作用是一个崭新的研究领域 .应用THz时域光谱技术研究了两种重要的单晶基片材料 (1 0 0 )MgO和 (1 0 0 )LaAlO3的THz光谱 .在 0 2— 2THz频率范围 ,得到这两种材料在THz波段的光学参数 .结果表明 ,在THz波段MgO基片材料的折射率 n和介电系数 ε不随频率的变化而变化 ,而LaAlO3基片材料的折射率和介电系数随着频率的增加而略有增加 .在 1THz频率处 ,测得MgO的复折射率 n =3 4 6 i0 0 0 1 ,复介电系数 ε =1 2 2 7 i0 0 6 ;LaAlO3的复折射率 n =4 78 i0 0 2 ,复介电系数 ε =2 2 5 i0 2 在THz波段 ,LaAlO3基片的介电损耗tanδ约为MgO的 5倍 ,且两者的介电损耗值均小于 0 0 1 ,说明MgO和LaAlO3材料作为高温超导器件基片材料可以工作于THz波段     

ZnO/MCM-41复合材料的制备及其光谱性质

以硅酸钠(NaSiO3·9H2O)为硅源,三甲基十六烷基溴化铵(CTAB)为模板剂在碱性条件下水热合成介孔分子筛MCM-41,然后以其为主体,采用锌盐浸渍-灼烧的方法.在介孔分子筛MCM-41上负载了氧化锌(ZnO)纳米微粒,并通过扫描电子显微镜,红外光谱(1R).紫外可见吸收光谱(UV-Vis),N2-吸附脱附和荧光光谱等手段对产品进行了系列表征.结果表明,分子筛平均直径约为1.7μm,对不同温度下灼烧后得到的ZnO/MCM-41组装体的光谱性质进行研究表明介孔分子筛MCM-41的尺寸所限,制备出的ZnO粒子粒径小于2 nm.量子尺寸效应使得ZnO/MCM-41组装体中的ZnO纳米粒子的紫外可见吸收光谱及荧光光谱均发生蓝移.通过红外光谱分析得知ZnO负载到MCM-41上并没有改变介孔分子筛原有的骨架结构.     

Er3+在二氧化硅介孔分子筛中的高效率发光及其分析

研究了一种新型的负载Er³⁺的二氧化硅介孔分子筛纳米材料,分析了其在有无功能化试剂全氟甲基磺酰(bis(perfluoromethylsulfonyl)amine)修饰作用下的吸收和荧光光谱特性,获得了高强度的荧光发射. 应用Judd-Ofelt理论计算了强度参数(Ω₂＝1.88×10^-20cm²,Ω₄＝5.45×10^-20cm^{2关键词： 发光 二氧化硅介孔分子筛 稀土离子 Judd-Ofelt理论}     

Optically Forbidden Excitations of 3s Electron of Argon by Fast Electron Impact

The electron energy loss spectrum of argon in the energy region of 24.5—30.5 eV was measured at 2.5 ke V impact energy. The line profile parameters of the optically forbidden excitations of 3s^-1 ns (n = 4-6) and 3s^-1 nd (n = 3-7) of argon, i.e., Er,Г,q and μ were determined.     

（100）MgO和（100）LaAl03高温超导基片材料THz时域光谱研究

THz波段位于微波与红外之间，该波段电磁波与物质的相互作用是一个崭新的研究领域．应用THz时域光谱技术研究了两种重要的单晶基片材料(100)MgO和(100)LaAIO3的THz光谱．在0．2—2THz频率范围，得到这两种材料在THz波段的光学参数．结果表明，在THz波段MgO基片材料的折射率n和介电系数ε不随频率的变化而变化，而LaAlO3基片材料的折射率和介电系数随着频率的增加而略有增加．在1THz频率处，测得MgO的复折射率n=3．46 i0．001，复介电系数ε=12．27 i0．06H；LaAlO3的复折射率n=4．78 i0．02，复介电系数ε=22．5 i0．2．在THz波段，LaAlO3基片的介电损耗tanδ约为MgO的5倍，且两者的介电损耗值均小于0．0l，说明MgO和LaAlO3。材料作为高温超导器件基片材料可以工作于THz波段．     

稀土、2-羟基-3-萘甲酸、邻菲咯啉三元配合物合成及表征

在乙醇溶液中合成了稀土离子(RE=Tb,Eu,Sm,Nd)与2-羟基-3-萘甲酸(HL)、邻菲咯啉(phen)固体配合物。通过元素分析、红外光谱、紫外光谱、差热-热重分析,确定了配合物的组成为REL₄·phen₂·Na·H₂O。初步研究了这些配合物的谱学性质并推测出羧基(—COO—) 与稀土离子和钠离子属于桥式配位, 形成了链状结构的化合物。其中钠离子和稀土离子分别为六配位和八配位模式。     

多酸-介孔分子筛复合材料的制备、表征及光催化活性

采用浸渍法将具有光催化活性的多金属氧酸盐(polyoxometalate,POM)磷钨酸和硅钨酸负载到介孔分子筛MCM-41,制备了H3PW12O40/MCM-41和H4SiW12O40/MCM-41两种复合材料,以红外光谱(FT-IR)、X射线衍射(XRD)、N2吸附、高分辨透射电镜(HRTEM)等分析手段对所合成的多酸-分子筛复合材料进行了表征,并以农药百草枯的光催化降解考察了复合材料的光催化活性。所合成的复合材料同时保留了母体多酸的Keggin特征结构和载体MCM-41分子筛均匀的六方孔道结构,比表面积超过200m2.g-1。用于农药百草枯的光催化降解实验表明,两种复合材料均具有较高的光催化活性。在365nm紫外光辐照下,以H3PW12O40/MCM-41和H4SiW12O40/MCM-41为催化剂催化反应14h后,百草枯(10mg.L-1)的降解转化率分别达到92.0%和87.6%,反应符合一级化学动力学模型,半衰期分别为3.7和4.6h。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.