时间序列差分干涉术研究激波流场

本文用一种新的时间序列差分干涉术研究模型在超音速风洞中产生的激波流场.实.验中用调Q序列脉冲红宝石激光器作光源,用转镜扫描高速摄影机作为记录设备,结合单Wollaston棱镜差分干涉的方法获得了激波流场的序列差分干涉图.利用图象处理技术对干涉图进行图象处理,人机交互的方式采集数据,用条纹位移转换法将差分干涉图的条纹位移量转换为绝对干涉图的条纹位移量,然后用拉普拉斯变换法计算出了密度的相对分布值.     

测量物体位移的数字白光散斑照相术

给出了一测量物体刚体位移的数字白光散斑照相术。数字傅里叶变换从双曝光字白光散斑图用来产生杨氏条纹。该杨氏条纹能够用数字傅里叶变换结合条纹重构进行自动分析。此外，给出一种条纹质量增强的方法。     

基于劳埃德镜的光干涉法测梁的杨氏模量

通过劳埃德镜利用杨氏双缝干涉原理测量横梁的杨氏模量,由梁中心的形变引起劳埃德镜位置变化对干涉条纹间距的影响,给出了梁的杨氏模量与干涉条纹间距变化之间的关系。通过实验证明该方法具有实验现象直观、原理通俗易懂、操作过程简单和测量精度可达纳米量级等优点,实验结果与标准值的相对误差为1.7﹪。     

利用光的干涉测钢丝杨氏弹性模量的方法

通过测定空气劈尖的光的干涉条纹间距,确定钢丝的微小伸长量,根据测量结果计算钢丝的杨氏弹性模量。     

热传导方程在散斑条纹图相位提取中的应用

去除电子散斑十涉条纹图中的噪声是提取条纹图相位的关键问题.利用热传导方程去除条纹图中的噪声,定性和定量分析了该方法的滤波性能.在此基础上,进一步将MBO算法和热传导方程应用于条纹二值化和相位图平滑过程中,并成功地从单幅模拟条纹图中提取了条纹图的相位.研究结果表明,热传导方程能有效减少散斑条纹图中的噪声,改善二值条纹图的边界.进而获得准确的相位分布.     

干涉图特征信息自动采集方法

介绍了一种用于计算全息数字波面干涉仪中采用数字图像处理技术采集干涉图的特征信息的方法。它分为图像二值化、条纹细化、条纹修补、跟踪、标记、采样等步骤,对于没有闭合条纹的简单干涉图和有闭合条纹的复杂干涉图,都能得到较好结果。     

利用激光干涉测钢丝的杨氏弹性模量

分析了在洛埃镜干涉装置中等效双狭缝间距变化对干涉条纹密度的影响。导出了钢丝因受力引起的绝对伸长量与干涉条纹密度变化之间的关系 ,并通过它计算了钢丝的杨氏弹性模量。结果表明 ,激光干涉法不仅比光杠杆法测量的量要少 ,而且用该方法通过测微目镜测条纹的位置要比光杠杆法通过望远镜对标尺读数精确 ,其测量结果要比光杠杆法更准确可靠     

成像型任意反射面速度干涉仪数据处理方法

 采用傅里叶变换方法,列出了对成像型任意反射面速度干涉仪得到的干涉条纹图进行处理的过程。利用文献结果,处理了冲击波整形时产生的有间断干涉条纹图,对处理结果进行了分析。结果表明：条纹图要干净,条纹间距清晰、均匀,应使用１维傅里叶变换的方法处理条纹图,减小滤波的难度。研究了冲击波测试当中条纹丢失的问题,提出了间断条纹图间断起始点相位确定的方法。对透明和不透明靶产生条纹图的不同进行了讨论,得出对透明靶产生的条纹图应采用适当的条纹外延技术进行预处理后再进行常规处理。     

用光纤进行杨氏双孔干涉实验

提出一种用光纤进行杨氏双孔干涉的方法。干涉条纹间距宽、干涉现象明显，实验方法简单、直观。用一台氦－氖激光器及少量光纤就可以同时进行多组实验。     

迈克耳孙干涉仪中动镜微小位移量的测量方法研究

研究了迈克耳孙干涉仪中可动镜微小位移量的精确测量方法。利用单色光定标确定条纹间距与像素间隔之间的关系，进而利用白光干涉通过测量零级暗纹中心的移动量，由此得到动镜的微小位移量。对于单色光条纹图，通过逐行傅里叶变换、移频、低通滤波与反变换消除条纹噪声，进而利用多项式拟合、条纹极值点自动搜索等得到条纹间距与像素间的换算关系；而对于白光条纹图，则利用条纹平滑、设定限定性阈值消除个别奇异极值点和各行值平均等方法得到其中央零级暗纹中心移过的像素间隔。由此最终精确得到动镜的微小位移量。论文算法综合运用了图像处理技术、最小二乘拟合技术、条纹极值点自动搜索技术等，实现了对迈克耳孙干涉仪中动镜微小位移量测量算法的智能化，可用于标定干涉仪中平面参考镜的微小位移，也可用于测量透明薄膜的厚度。     

散斑干涉相位条纹图的频域滤波处理

为了解决在数字散斑干涉技术测量时,散斑干涉相位条纹图像中大量噪声对相位解包裹结果和精度产生严重影响的问题,介绍了一种条纹正余弦分解和频域低通滤波结合的方法,实现了散斑干涉相位条纹图的高精度滤波。该方法的基本思路是在对相位图像进行滤波处理前,先将相位图通过正余弦函数进行映射转换成两幅图,分别经过频域滤波,然后再合成为相位图。这种分解频域滤波方法可以在滤波的同时,有效保留相位跳变信息。实验结果表明：与传统的图像降噪方法相比,该方法能够在保留图像“尖峰”信息的基础上,较好地滤除图像中的散斑噪声,方法简单有效,有效解决了传统滤波方法应用在相位条纹图中,相图灰度信息丢失10%~40%的问题。     

A simple method of contrast enhancement and extremum extraction for interference fringes

A method of interference fringe processing by finding the average and the extremum gray levels of image points within a fixed or varying window and then computing the modified image intensity with a simple algorithm is proposed. This method can yield a uniform brightness and high (1 or near to 1) contrast at the same time over the whole image area for an input pattern with low contrast and considerable luminance variation, when a relatively large window is used. It can also perform extremum extraction if a small window is employed. This technique is simple, effective and convenient for use, as has been verified by a series of examples of simulated and experimental fringe processing.     

Automated image processing algorithm for Young's fringe pattern analysis

An automatic of image processing for the analysis of Young's fringe pattern is proposed. A Young's fringe patttern is first FFT treated to get two patterns of 0 degree and 90 degree phase shifted. Regular two pattern shift algorithm is used to calculate the phase of the Young's pattern. One or two times of phase shift iteration are carried out to improve the phase. Then the phase is least square fitted to get a phase plane. The displacement magnitude and direction are eaasily induced from the phase plane. Because every step is full field treatment, very precise result is achieved. The algorithm is simple and easy to implement. Theory and experiment are presented to prove the proposal. A program is designed to execute the algorithm and the processing is automated by a Personal Computer with an image board.     

Fast full-field out-of-plane deformation measurement using fringe reflectometry

Full-field out-of-plane deformation measurement of specular surfaces can be implemented quickly and conveniently using fringe reflectometry. The system configuration is simple and processing is fast. With the assistance of an advanced fringe pattern processing technique, the windowed Fourier ridges method, only a single two-directional fringe pattern is necessary for determination of the deformed surface profile. Thus, the whole measurement only requires a single image with the potential for high speed or even real time measurement.     

光纤全息散斑干涉计量

脉冲激光经光导纤维传输后，其偏振性变化为随机分布，相干性有所降低，但它用在全息干涉计量中却有突出的优点，对于涉条纹的形成和清晰度没有影响。经常使用的光纤散斑全息干涉系统有两种类型：一种是只用传光束形成物光，参考光，此种系统形成的全息象清晰度有所下降，但做全息干涉计量时对条纹的衬比度和清晰度没有任何影响．另一种类型是物光和参考光都是用光导纤维传输，然后用光纤传象束将物体的象进行传输，再用透镜将其成象在底片上，做双曝光全息干涉时则形成全息散斑干涉计量，用全息方法再现时干涉图类似“杨氏”条纹。本文对上述两种系统，结合实验结果、分三种情况进行了研究。文章共分为三个部分：（一）引言；（二）散斑全息干涉计量；（三）结论。     

长度测量中干涉条纹的自动识别技术研究

利用激光干涉与数字图像处理技术以及应用FFT分析干涉条纹方法,分析并解决了测量端面长度标准中条纹图的处理技术,应用这种方法不但提高了测试过程的自动化程度,而且大大地提高了测量结果的精度,并给出了最典型的端面长度标准量块的干涉条纹小数部分的实测结果.     

Quantitative vibration amplitude measurement with time-averaged digital speckle pattern interferometry

A new method of using time-averaged digital speckle pattern interferometry for the quantitative measurement of vibration amplitude was developed. Signal processing techniques especially the Hilbert transformation for quantitative evaluation of the Bessel fringes obtained in time-averaged digital speckle pattern interferometry were explored. The quadrature signal after Hilbert transformation is equivalent to a 90° phase-shifted interferogram for a monotonically increasing or decreasing phase function. An algorithm was developed for Bessel fringe contrast enhancement and phase extraction. The techniques were tested numerically and experimentally. Sub-fringe quantification of the time-averaged vibration fringes is realised with the proposed method. Compared with the commonly used phase shift method which requires a minimum of two images for image processing, this method requires only one fringe pattern for data extraction.     

三维面形测量中基于模版匹配的变形条纹修复

在基于条纹投影和相位分析的三维面形测量中,由于被测物体表面标志点或复杂面形的阴影遮挡存在,会造成变形条纹局部区域的条纹数据缺失,影响相位和高度信息的最终重建,需要人为地对缺失图像信息进行修复。提出了一种新的缺失条纹数据修复方法——基于模版匹配的图像修复算法,通过图像中已有条纹信息(特别是与待修复区域周围相位信息相似度较高的已知条纹信息)对缺失的变形条纹信息进行估算,实现数据修复。该方法修复效果好,运算过程无需人为参与,便于计算机自动实现,尤其适合于待修复图像整体结构明显、纹理清晰图像的数据修复,有助于提高被测物体相位计算质量和在此基础上的三维面形重建质量。     

Automatic Young's fringe analysis in the source image plane

Typically Young's fringe pattern automatic analysis from a double-exposure image (e.g. a photograph) passes through an indirect processing stage on some intermediate parameter domain. Here, we propose a method based on a complicated image processing technique, operating directly with the source fringe image pixels, and providing remarkable accuracy and computational time. This method is intended for laser speckle velocimetry (LSV), particle image velovimetry (PIV), and digital image velocimetry (DIV) applications. Assuming a common fringe pattern model, we introduce a pre-processing stage to improve significantly the fringe discernment. A dynamic thresholding segmentation scheme, adjusted to the fringe spatial structure, follows to localize the fringes being quantitatively attributed with the corresponding eigenvectors. The algorithm has been tested on real patterns as well as on a set of artifically simulated images with pre-defined characteristics.