KNO3／Al2O3和K2CO3／Al2O3的强碱性研究

采用ＣＯ２－ＴＰＤ及Ｈａｍｍｅｔｔ批示剂法测定了ＫＮＯ３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３及Ｋ２ＣＯ３／Ａｌ２Ｏ３样品的碱量和碱强度。当ＫＮＯ３，Ｋ２ＣＯ３的负载量低于其单层分散阈值时，能在ＡｌＯ３均匀分布并产生强度为１８．４的强碱位；高于其单层分散阈值后则能生成强度为２７．０的超强碱位。     

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基于Mie散射理论和方法,研究了航天器尾喷焰等离子体中Al2O3粒子的光学散射特性,分析了复折射率对单个Al2O3粒子消光效率因子、散射效率因子、吸收效率因子、散射相函数以及单次反照率的影响。同时,基于多分散系粒子尺度单峰分布,分析了Al2O3粒子按粒径分布后散射场的有关效应因子及散射相函数的变化,并进行了相应的数值模拟。理论和数值模拟研究表明,航天器尾喷焰等离子体Al2O3粒子复折射率的虚部和实部、粒径的大小与分布对其散射相函数、消光和散射效率因子以及单次反照率均有明显的影响。     

Relaxation phenomena in Cr3+ doped Al2O3−Fe 2 57 O3 systems

Mössbauer absorption spectra have been measured for Cr³⁺ doped Al₂O₃?Fe ₂ ⁵⁷ O₃ systems for different values of the Cr³⁺ concentration at room temperature. The cross relaxation between Fe³⁺ and Cr³⁺ ions, which destroys the paramagnetic hyperfine structure of Fe⁵⁷ observed in undoped Al₂O₃?Fe ₂ ⁵⁷ O₃, is thoroughly studied. The experimental results suggest a new kind of cross-relaxation process involving three spins, i.e. two Fe³⁺.ions and one Cr³⁺. The process, though it is a higher-order one, is highly effective because it is energy-conserving.     

Photoluminescence quenching in zinc oxide modified by Al2O3 and Al2O3 · CeO2 Nanopowders under proton irradiations

The photoluminescence spectra of initial ZnO powder and that modified by Al₂O₃, Al₂O₃ · CeO₂ nanopowders are investigated in the range 360–660 nm before and after 100-keV proton irradiation. It is found that the introduction of nanoparticles causes a decrease in the UV-band intensity and a change in the luminescence bands in the visual spectrum due to V _O ⁺ oxygen vacancies, O _int ^- interstitial oxygen, and V _Zn ^- zinc vacancies. Luminescence quenching in the UV and visible spectra occurs under the effect of protons. The decomposition of the spectra into elementary defects and analysis of changes in their integrated intensity during modification and irradiation of the powders are carried out.     

ICP-AES同时测定铬质引流剂中的Cr2O3、Al2O3、Fe2O3和MgO

探讨了电感耦合等离子体-原子发射光谱法(ICP-AES)测定铬质引流剂中Cr2O3、Al2O3、Fe2O3和MgO的分析条件.试样经过氧化钠熔融分解,盐酸酸化,采用内标加入法,利用ICP光谱仪于所推荐的波长处,测量溶液中铬、铝、铁、镁元素对钇内标元素的相对强度,根据标准溶液绘制的校准曲线计算出待测元素氧化物的质量分数.对该方法进行精密度试验,相对标准偏差(RSD,n=8)均小于1.0％,本测试方法简单、快速、精度高,将该方法用于铬质引流剂中Cr2O3、Al2O3、Fe2O3和MgO含量的测定,取得满意效果.     

Simple identification of Al2O3 and MgO·Al2O3 spinel inclusions in steel using X-ray-excited optical luminescence

Nonmetallic inclusions in steel cause problems in steel products and steel production. In particular, an analysis of Al₂O₃ and MgO·Al₂O₃ spinel inclusions is important since they are one of the most harmful inclusions. A rapid and simple analysis of nonmetallic inclusions is required as the conventional analytical methods for nonmetallic inclusions are time-consuming. In this study, we propose a simple method to identify Al₂O₃ and MgO·Al₂O₃ spinel inclusions in steels. X-ray-excited optical luminescence (XEOL) analysis was selected as a promising method because it can rapidly identify sizes, shapes, and compositions of nonmetallic inclusions and can be performed in air. A model steel sample prepared by heating a mixture of Fe, Al, and MgO powders at 1550°C in argon atmosphere was used. XEOL images of the model steel sample showed that Al₂O₃ inclusions emitted blue and red luminescences. Using a filter attached to the camera, blocking light in the wavelength region above 650 nm, only the blue luminescence of the Al₂O₃ inclusions was observed. This was implemented as the luminescences of the Al₂O₃ inclusions appeared in both blue and red regions at wavelengths of 350, 485, 695, and 750 nm; consequently, the luminescences at 695 nm and 750 nm were blocked by the filter. In contrast, MgO·Al₂O₃ spinel inclusions emitted green luminescence (peak at 520 nm), unaffected by the filter. This indicates that we can simply identify Al₂O₃ and MgO·Al₂O₃ spinel inclusions by an XEOL image in the wavelength range of 420–650 nm.     

Spectral dispersion of linear optical properties for Sm2O3 doped B2O3–PbO–Al2O3 glasses

Glasses having composition (B₂O₃)₂₅ (PbO)₇₀ (Al₂O₃)₅ (Sm₂O₃)_x ,where x=0, 0.5, 1, 2, 3 and 5 g were prepared using the normal melt quench technique. Spectral reflectance and transmittance at normal incidence of the glass samples are recorded with a spectrophotometer in the spectral range 220–2200 nm. These measured values are introduced into analytical expressions to calculate the real and imaginary parts of the refractive indices. Wemple–DiDomenico single oscillator model and one-term Sellmeier dispersion relations are used to model the real refractive indices. Dispersion parameters such as: single oscillator energy, dispersion energy, lattice oscillating strength, average oscillator wavelength, average oscillator strength and Abbe's number are deduced and compared. Absorption dispersion parameters such as: Fermi energy, optical energy gap for direct and indirect transitions, Urbach energy and steepness parameter are calculated. Effects of doping Sm₂O₃ on these linear optical parameters are investigated and interpreted.     

Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的相变蓄冷实验研究

通过在水介质中添加纳米氧化铝粒子,研制了一种新型传热冷却工质一氧化铝-水纳米流体,粒径分布显示了加入分散剂的悬浮液具有很好的分散性,同时对Al2O3-H2O纳米流体和水溶液的结冰过程进行了实时观察.结果表明,加入Al2O3纳米粒子后,流体的结冰速率得到了很大提高,结冰时间大大缩短,DSC测试结果得到0.1%Al2O3-H2O纳米流体的相变潜热值为313.1 J/g.     

Al2O3-P2O5-H2O反应体系产物以及高温产物的光谱特征

以磷酸和氢氧化铝为原料,选取不同工艺合成了系列磷酸铝。用FTIR,XRD,Raman和SEM研究了相关产物阴离子基团的红外图谱变化和三聚磷酸二氢铝的热变化过程的光谱性质以及颗粒形貌的变化。当改变P2O5/Al2O3摩尔比或者缩合温度时,可以看到磷酸根形式H2PO4-,PO34-,H2P3O130-和PO3-的红外光谱特征的变化,P—O键的振动峰随着聚合程度的增加向短波长方向移动,而且峰宽增加。当三聚磷酸二氢铝经高温处理后,拉曼和红外光谱显示了聚合磷酸根中微结构间的相互作用引起P—O键伸缩振动频率增大以及结晶水的变化趋势,随着组成变化的同时,其颗粒的层状结构层厚度增加,层边界趋于模糊,直至呈现熔体状态。     

非晶锂离子导体B2O3-Li2O-LiCl一Al2O3中VO2+的电子自旋共振

两种非晶锂离子导体B₂O₃-0.7Li₂O-0.7LiCl-xAl₂O₃-0.1V₂O₅(x=0.05和0.15)的电子自旋共振谱研究表明:(i)ESR线型是高斯型,证实V₂O₅添加量适当;(ii)超精细结构来源于VO²⁺络离子,具有四角对称性,属C_4v群。越精细耦合张量的平行分量平均值A_//=0.0175cm^-1,垂直分量A_⊥=0.0063cm^-1。由g_//(g_⊥)求出其基态²B_2g与第一激发态²E_g的能级间距△₁=2.46×10⁴ cm^-1,基态与第二激发态²B_1g的能级间距△₂=3.03×10⁴ cm^-1;(iii)变温实验证实:Al₂O₃组分较少(x=0.05)的非晶ESR强度比x=0.15的非晶高3倍至2倍,而Al₂O₃组分越多则ESR强度随温升下降越小。     

溶胶凝胶Fe2O3/Al2O3氧载体与甲烷的循环反应性研究

高性能的氧载体是化学链燃烧技术实施的关键.本文采用溶胶凝胶法制备的Fe2O3/A12Oa氧载体,在固定床反应器中研究了它与CH4/空气在900℃下的循环反应性,并利用XRD、ESEM和BET对反应前后的氧载体进行了物化表征.试验结果表明,溶胶凝胶法制备的Fe2O3/A12O3氧载体具有良好的循环反应能力.随着循环次数的...     

CuO/Al2O3、CuO/CeO2-Al2O3和CuO/La2O3-Al2O3催化剂中CuO物种被CO氧化的比较

用浸渍法制备了CuO/Al2O3 (Cu/Al)、CuO/CeO2- Al2O3 (Cu/CeAl)和CuO/La2O3-Al2O3(Cu/LaAl)催化剂. 通过原位XRD、Raman和H2-TPR方法， 对催化剂中的CuO物种以及CuO-Al2O3的固-固相反应进行了表征. 结果表明，对于Cu/Al催化剂，CuAl2O4存在于CuO与Al2O3层之间，CuO以高分散和晶相两种相态存在于催化剂的表层；对于Cu/CeAl催化剂，除了少量高分散和晶相的CuO存在于表层外，大部分CuO迁移到了CeO2的内层，     

The broadband NIR emission properties of Bi doped La2O3–Al2O3–SiO2 glass

Bi₂O₃ doped 65SiO₂–20Al₂O₃–15La₂O₃ (in mole%) glasses were prepared by the traditional melting–quenching method. The spectroscopic properties and mechanism of NIR broadband emission in these glasses were investigated in this work. Three excitation wavelengths of 500, 700 and 800 nm were used to test emission spectra. The emission band under 500 nm excitation can be regarded as combination of emission bands under 700 and 800 nm excitation. 2.0 mole% is found to be the optimal Bi₂O₃ doping level in this glass. Under 500 nm excitation its emission peak, FWHM and lifetime of emission band are 1160 nm, 300 nm and 569 μs, respectively. The longest fluorescent lifetime reaches 620 μs under 700 nm excitation. The valence state of Bi in these glasses is suggested to be lower than +3 by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. With the help of energy matching, we infer that both Bi⁰ and Bi⁺ centers are responsible for the NIR fluorescence of Bi₂O₃ doped 65SiO₂–20Al₂O₃–15La₂O₃ glass.     

Crystallization and conductivity of 2CaO–La2O3–5P2O5 glass–ceramic with Al2O3 addition

Al₂O₃ was added to a 2CaO–La₂O₃–5P₂O₅ metaphosphate, to replace 10% of the Ca²⁺ ions by Al³⁺, forming a phosphate with the nominal composition 1.8CaO–0.1Al₂O₃–La₂O₃–5P₂O₅. The effect of Al₂O₃ addition and heat treatment on the microstructure and conductivity of the resulting glass–ceramics was investigated by XRD, SEM, TEM, and AC impedance spectroscopy. Upon transformation from glass to glass–ceramic, conductivities increased significantly. The glasses were isochronally transformed at 700 and at 800 °C for 1 h or 5 h, in air, following heating at 3 or 10 °C/min. With Al₂O₃ addition, after a heat treatment at 700 °C, 100–300 nm nano-domains of LaP₃O₉ crystallized from the glass matrix. Annealing at 800 °C produced a further order of magnitude conductivity increase for the Al-free glass, but less so for the Al-containing glass.     

金属—Al2O3—硅结构湿度传感器

金属-Al2O3-硅结构(以下简称Si-MOS)电容型湿度传感器主要用于三个方面:微电子器件及IC气密封装内腔气相湿度的非破坏性检测;器件及IC封装工艺保护气氛湿度的在线监测;各种永久性气体中微量水分的连续监测.在物理研究中,还可对混合气相中的水分压进行连续检测. 微电子器件封壳内的水汽含量过高,会使器件或IC发生金属弥散、MOS反型、布线长毛分枝以及其他失效;估计因湿气过高所导致的失效要占器件总失效的50%以上.Si-MOS湿度传感器正是为了满足这种检测需要和控制工艺过程而发明的,因此具有重大的实用意义. 一般高可靠性器件的内腔体…     

Al2O3载体的合成及孔径调变

综述了氧化铝前驱体的组成,氧化铝的类型及其作为载体的三种合成方法,探讨其制备影响因素和工艺;氧化铝载体的表面修饰和孔径调变的物理及化学方法、工艺;总结了氧化铝载体制备方法及展望氧化铝载体发展方向.