Gamma-Gamma湍流信道中大气光通信系统误码特性分析

大气信道中的大气湍流是影响无线激光通信系统性能的主要因素之一, 其引起的强度闪烁效应会对接收信号的提取和还原造成很大干扰。基于Gamma-Gamma概率分布的大气湍流信道统计模型, 研究了利用副载波相移键控(PSK)强度调制技术的大气光通信系统的误码特性; 推导了副载波二进制相移键控(BPSK)及开关键控(OOK)两种调制模式下的系统误码率表达式; 对在一定条件下的大气光通信系统, 比较了副载波BPSK和OOK两种调制模式的误码特性; 分析了链路特征、接收口径尺寸、通信波长和天顶角等因素对系统误码率的影响。结果表明, 增大接收孔径和通信波长都能有效地降低系统误码率, 而天顶角的增大则会使系统误码率增加, 副载波BPSK调制模式的误码特性要优于OOK调制模式的误码特性。     

基于BPSK的无线光通信实验研究

数字式调制与许多模拟调制方式相比,在相同的信噪比条件下误码率低.基于BPSK编码方式和微弱信号检测及单片机技术,针对光在大气通信中遇到的实际困难,提出了一种低信噪比条件下的点对点通信实验方案.该方案发送数据的相位精度高,可控性好,接收端前置放大器动态范围宽,解码能力强.     

均匀磁化等离子体与雷达波相互作用的数值分析

采用平板几何对不同磁场强度下等离子体对电磁波的吸收、反射和透射特性进行了数值分析.结果表明,不同磁场可以显著改变等离子体对不同频率的雷达波的吸收和反射特性.当雷达波频率接近等离子体高混杂频率时,磁化等离子体将对该波产生强的共振吸收,带宽在2GHz左右,吸收比可达90%以上.因此,通过适当调整磁场强度、等离子体密度和碰撞频率,可实现较宽雷达波段的等离子体隐身 关键词： 电磁波 磁化等离子体 共振吸收 等离子体隐身     

猝发混合扩频水声隐蔽通信技术

针对常规的连续载波调制扩频通信方式容易通过能量检测的方法被截获的问题,提出了一种猝发的混合扩频水声隐蔽通信方式,该方法通过在时间上随机的发送脉冲混合调制扩频信号来降低截获概率,而且可以比较灵活的通过调整平均占空比来满足不同隐蔽性的要求,但是该隐蔽性是以牺牲通信速率为代价的。猝发信号中混合了二进制相位键控(BPSK)、循环移位键控(CSK)和多进制频移键控(MFSK)扩频调制方式,采用自同步和时频二维搜索算法实现码元和载波同步。通过仿真分析了猝发通信系统的隐蔽性能和多途信道下的误码性能,并且通过了南海海试验证了算法的性能,在5 km的通信距离上,4 kHz的带宽内,单个脉冲信号的通信速率可以达到317 bps,误码率达到10-3以下。      

多体制兼容相干探测卫星激光通信技术

卫星相干激光通信系统中,信号调制格式以相移键控(PSK)为主,未兼容开关键控(OOK)的相干接收。针对卫星相干光通信接收机不兼容多种调制格式的问题,实验搭建了兼容OOK以及二进制相移键控(BPSK)的相干通信接收装置。在1 Gbit/s的通信速率下,当调制格式为OOK且信号光功率为-54.6 dBm时,误码率(BER)为10^-3,接收灵敏度距离散粒噪声极限3.3 dB;当调制格式为BPSK且信号光功率为-57.95 dBm时,BER为10^-3,接收灵敏度距离散粒噪声极限4.2 dB。该多体制兼容相干接收机的结构与当前大多数相干接收机的硬件通用,且具有较高的接收灵敏度,证明了卫星相干激光通信多体制兼容技术的可行性,具有重要意义。     

一种利用海豚叫声的仿生水声通信方法

针对水下通信隐蔽性的需求, 克服传统固定载波调制方式带来的声源暴露问题, 提出一种基于海豚叫声的仿生伪装水声通信方法, 使通信信号被当作海洋生物噪声排除, 达到隐蔽通信的效果. 研究了海豚叫声信号特点, 利用海豚哨声信号实现同步与识别, 采用差分脉冲位置调制方法, 信息调制在相邻海豚嘀嗒声信号的时间间隔, 采用压缩传感体制下的匹配追踪技术估计信道, 虚拟时反技术实现信道均衡. 湖试结果验证了该方法的有效性和可行性, 接收声信号与发射信号声音上具有很高的相似度, 可以达到伪装隐蔽的效果. 实验中水平距离2 km, 通信速率不小于29 bps时,误码率可以达到10^-4以下. 关键词： 水声通信 仿生 海豚 隐蔽     

基于重复混沌扩频序列的差分混沌键控系统

提出一种基于可重复混沌扩频序列的差分混沌键控保密通信系统, 并对该系统的误码率进行分析。通过复制差分混沌键控调制信号的参考信号产生重复的混沌扩频序列, 再和经串并转换后的部分数据流相乘, 其余并行数据流按照传统差分混沌键控进行调制, 两部分信号相加后发送到信道中进行传输。在接收端进行相关解调恢复出原信息。理论分析和仿真结果表明: 在多径衰落信道下, 该系统的误码率低于DCSK、CDSK和CD-DCSK系统, 且扩频因子越小, 误码率越低。信道中叠加服从高斯分布噪声时的系统误码率相比叠加服从瑞利分布噪声时的小。     

一种快速收敛的符号回归常数模盲均衡算法

为了加快符号回归常数模算法(SRCMA)的收敛速度,本文提出了一种适合于BPSK信号 的快速算法。该算法用新的误差函数替代SRCMA中的误差函数,新误差函数针对BPSK信号而 设计。新算法采用分数间隔均衡模型,有效地加快了SRCMA算法的收敛速度。水声信道仿真实验 表明,该算法性能稳定,收敛速度快,适用于快速变化信道的盲均衡和水声通信数据的实时恢复。     

离散速率条件下的大气激光通信自适应调制编码系统性能

针对大气湍流引起的系统频带利用率下降的问题,研究了一种离散速率条件下的大气激光通信自适应调制编码系统。从信号层角度建立了湍流信道模型,给出了湍流信道下的瞬时信噪比概率密度函数,并采用外场实验验证了该信道模型。理论推导了系统频带利用率和误码率表达式,仿真结果表明大气激光通信自适应调制编码系统较传统单一传输模式系统具有优越性。研究了其频带利用率和误码率曲线特性,分析了误码率要求和湍流强度对系统性能的影响。结果表明降低误码率要求可大幅提高系统的频带利用率,且误码率要求越低,湍流强度越弱,频带利用率越高。     

基于三种调制模式下的turbo码光无线通信系统分析

从分析大气对光无线通信系统的影响出发,研究了大气信道特性,建立了大气信道信噪比和能见度的关系.为降低系统误码率,提出了基于OOK、BPSK、BPPM三种调制模式的turbo码的编码方案,推导出三种不同方案对应的turbo码迭代MAP算法.应用建立的信噪比关系,分析和计算了基于三种不同方案的系统的误码率.结果表明,基于BPSK的turbo码系统比OOK和BPPM系统的信噪比降低约3dB,且在高的信噪比情况下,BPSK系统能显著降低系统的误码率.因此,基于BPSK的turbo码方案较适合光无线通信系统.     

Performance analysis of FSO links under strong atmospheric turbulence conditions using various modulation schemes

Strong atmospheric turbulence is a major hindrance in wireless optical communication systems. In this paper, the performance of a wireless optical communication system is analyzed using different modulation formats such as, binary phase shift keying-subcarrier intensity modulation (BPSK-SIM), differential phase shift keying (DPSK), differential phase shift keying-subcarrier intensity modulation (DPSK-SIM), M-ary pulse position modulation (M-PPM) and polarization shift keying (PolSK). The atmospheric channel is modeled for strong atmospheric turbulences with combined effect of turbulence and pointing errors. Novel closed-form analytical expressions for average bit error rate (BER), channel capacity and outage probability for the various modulation techniques, viz. BPSK-SIM, DPSK, DPSK-SIM, PolSK and M-PPM are derived. The simulated results for BER, channel capacity and outage probability of various modulation techniques are plotted and analyzed.     

Scintillation effect on intensity modulated laser communication systems—a laboratory demonstration

This paper shows the impact of atmospheric turbulence-induced fading on the symbol decision position in the on-off keying (OOK) and the binary phase shift keying (BPSK) subcarrier intensity modulated (SIM) laser communication link. Weak turbulence is simulated in the laboratory using a chamber equipped with heating elements and fans. We have shown that in atmospheric turbulence, it is advantageous to employ modulation schemes such as pulse time and subcarrier intensity modulations that do not directly impress data on the optical irradiance as is the case with the OOK. For the OOK-modulated laser communication system, atmospheric turbulence imposes complexity on the symbol decision subsystem and by extension places a limit on the achievable bit error rate (BER) performance.     

信号在时变等离子体中的传播特性

高速飞行器等离子鞘套由于飞行姿态调整、湍流、非均匀烧蚀等因素的影响,使其等离子体参数存在时变特性,针对这种传输介质的快速时变特性引起的电波幅度、相位上的寄生调制效应,本文利用大面积辉光放电等离子体产生装置,搭建了等离子体中信号传输实验系统,进行了S频段的单频信号与调制信号传输实验,观测验证了调制效应的存在,且其调制频率与等离子体变化频率具有一致性,进一步分析了等离子参数与寄生调制效应的关系,理论和实验结果表明:即使当载波频率大于等离子频率时,时变等离子引起的寄生调制效应也会使传输信号的星座图发生旋转,造成其判决容差裕度变小,通信可靠性下降,并且载波频率越接近等离子频率时,其寄生调制效应越强烈。     

BER analysis of BPSK-SIM-based SISO and MIMO FSO systems in strong turbulence with pointing errors

Free space optics (FSO) is one of the sprouting technologies in optical communication systems domain. It can be employed as an alternative for the conventional radio frequency (RF) links to work out the current limitations in communication systems. But, the major drawback in FSO communication is the effect of random environment conditions on its performance. In this paper, we analyze the bit error rate (BER) and outage performance of single-input single-output (SISO) and multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) FSO systems in strong atmospheric turbulence using binary phase shift keying subcarrier intensity modulation (BPSK-SIM) signaling technique. The closed-form expressions are derived and the results are realized in terms of 2D and 3D plots.     

正交M元码元移位键控扩频水声通信

M元和码元移位键控(CSK)扩频在水声通信中被广泛采用来克服扩频增益对通信速率的限制。为了获得更高的通信速率,文章基于Gold序列较大的码本数量、良好的自相关和互相关特性,提出正交双通道的M元和CSK相结合的水声通信方法。通过公式推导描述了正交M元CSK的调制和解调流程及影响其性能的因素。并且,通过与双通道M元CSK的仿真比较,得到正交M元CSK的误码率曲线。最后,通过实验验证了仿真的有效性。并实现了10 kbits数据量下1096.8 bps通信速率的无误码传输。通过推导、仿真和实验,可以得到这样的结论:正交M元CSK提供了优良的通信性能。      

Novel orthogonal modulation format DRZ-FSK/DPSK for high-speed long-haul optical communication

We propose a novel advanced orthogonal modulation format dark return-to-zero frequency shift keying/differential phase shift keying （DRZ-FSK/DPSK） and its realization scheme. The DRZ-FSK/DPSK is generated by the combination of a 40-Gb/s return-to-zero （RZ） signal and a DRZ signal which is converted from the RZ using a semiconductor optical amplifier （SOA） based on nonlinear cross polarization rotation （XPR） and then re-modulated by high-bit-rate DPSK at 40 Gb/s. The feasibility of the scheme is exper-imentally demonstrated. Bit error rate （BER） results of the total 80-Gb/s DRZ-FSK/DPSK orthogonal modulation signal with a subsequent 100-km single-mode fiber （SMF） transmission link show its potential for future high-speed long-haul optical communication.     

Simultaneous format conversion of parallel multichannel based on FWM in symmetric highly nonlinear fiber loop

A parallel multichannel format conversion scheme for elastic optical networking based on four wave mixing （FWM） in symmetric highly nonlinear fiber loop （S-HNLF-L） is proposed and the performance is evaluated and discussed. Parallel four channels format conversion from quadrature phase shift keying （QPSK） to binary phase shift keying （BPSK） signals at 40 Gb/s is theoretically analyzed and simulated. The results are helpful for the format-adaptive elastic optical networks.     

Chaotic modulations and performance analysis for digital underwater acoustic communications

Two modulation schemes, M-ary phase shift keying (MPSK) and M-ary frequency shift keying (MFSK), are commonly used for coherent and incoherent digital communications, respectively. Despite wide applications in underwater acoustic (UWA) communications, they are not suitable for confidential applications for their well-known generating processes and signal features. In this paper, two corresponding chaotic modulation methods are proposed to improve their security, namely chaotic MPSK (CMPSK) and chaotic MFSK (CMFSK). By application of chaotic sequences into the modulation procedures, they can prevent the unauthorized receivers from extracting information from the intercepted signals even with high SNR. The confidential performance of chaotic modulations is evaluated by a designed automatic modulation classification (AMC) system. Simulation results indicate a success identification rate of more than 90% for the MPSK and MFSK signal at the SNR from −10 dB to 40 dB, but only an identification rate of nearly zero for the CMPSK and CMFSK signal. Therefore, chaotic modulations have lower available probability and can achieve higher confidential performance. Also, an experiment was conducted to verify the performance of chaotic modulations in actual UWA communications. The experimental results show that chaotic modulations can achieve similar bit error ratio (BER) compared with conventional digital modulations, which verifies potential applications of chaotic modulations in confidential UWA communications.     

Evaluation of coherent homodyne and heterodyne optical CDMA structures

This paper evaluates the coherent optical code-division multiple-access (OCDMA) techniques and examines the overall system performance in terms of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) penalty as a function of simultaneous users accommodated to maintain an appropriate value of the bit-error rate (BER) for homodyne and heterodyne detections. As spreading codes, the proposed structures are utilizing a recently introduced prime code family hereby referred to as double-padded modified prime code (DPMPC). As a coherent modulation, binary phase-shift keying (BPSK) format is deployed. In homodyne detection, two different phase modulations are studied including either an external phase-modulator or injection-locking methods. The phase limitation and the performance for two methods plus multiple-access interferences (MAI) and receiver noise in a shot-noise limited regime are investigated. In heterodyne detection, BER analysis of the system based on only external phase modulator is examined. It is found that by maintaining BER = 10⁻⁹, this system can accommodate an increased number of simultaneous users to compare with systems which employ conventional bipolar codes.