基于光环路正交频分多址无源光网络的光拍频噪声避免方案及性能仿真(英文)

在正交频分多址无源光网络上行传输中,不同光网络单元的上行信号如果采用相同波长的不同激光器将会产生光拍频噪声,使得光网络单元的无色性难以实现.本文以正交频分多址无源光网络为研究对象,通过对系统结构的研究和相关公式的推导,分析了信号上行传输中光拍频噪声的产生原因和避免方式.针对下行发送上行载波结合光线路终端相干接收的光拍频噪声避免方案进行了仿真研究.分析了系统的抗色散方案以及色散累积和训练序列长度对系统性能的影响,给出了优化的参数设置,为系统实际应用提供了理论参考.     

基于SOA全光偏振调制的双信道PolSK光传输系统

提出一个新颖的采用两个级联半导体光放大器(SOA)作为独立全光偏振调制器实现双信道偏振态位移键控(PolSK)光传输系统方案,并进行了实验验证.从发射机端输出的PolSK光信号具有四个偏振态,构成了两个独立的二进制数据信道.各信道数据可以采用不同的码制,码率以及不同的时钟信号.该系统方案,提高了通信系统的比特-符号比以及频谱利用率;又由于PolSK光信号功率恒定,减小了光纤链路中非线性效应对光信号的影响提高了通信系统长距离数据传输能力;在接收机端实现了光信号的直接偏振检测,简化了接收机的设计和成本;又由于采用了稳偏接收模块使接收系统能够实现稳定信号接收.构成了基于本方案的实验系统,进行了一系列基础实验和性能测试.分别进行了50 km,80 km以及100 km长距离光纤数据传输实验,实验结果表明所提出的系统方案是有效的.     

基于SOA全光偏振调制的双信道光传输系统的仿真与分析

仿真并分析了基于半导体光放大器全光偏振调制的双信道光传输系统模型.该系统分别利用两级半导体光放大器的交叉偏振调制效应(XPolM),将两路独立的强度调制的抽运光变换到一路探测光的两个正交的偏振态上,实现双通道偏振复用的全光数据传输.首先对单个半导体光放大器的动力学过程进行了理论分析,数值计算了具有不同抽运光功率的半导体光放大器对探测光偏振态的影响,进而对双半导体光放大器偏振复用系统的调制/解调原理进行了分析,模拟仿真了双半导体光放大器的双通路偏振复用的调制及解调过程,仿真结果与实验结果相符.     

相干激光通信光学系统偏振像差研究

相干激光通信系统中,光学系统的偏振像差会改变信号光的偏振态,降低信号光与本振光的混频效率。为了定量分析和研究光学系统的偏振特性,提出了三维偏振光线追迹算法。针对大口径相干激光通信检测平台系统,利用该算法对平台的通信系统进行偏振光线追迹,并根据追迹计算所得的偏振变换矩阵,分析了偏振像差对圆偏振信号光偏振态的影响。通过搭建实验平台,验证了平台通信系统的偏振特性。     

偏分复用系统中偏振模色散补偿与偏分解复用一体化方案

本文建立了偏分复用系统中偏振模色散与信号偏振态变化引起信道串扰的数学模型, 分析了偏振模色散对偏分复用信道射频功率的影响, 并提出了适用于偏分复用系统的光域偏振模色散补偿与偏分解复用同时进行的方案: 用信道的射频功率作为反馈控制信号, 监测链路中偏振模色散和偏振态变化引起的信道串扰的大小, 用改进的粒子群优化算法对偏振控制器进行自适应控制, 同时完成偏振模色散补偿与偏分解复用. 在112 Gb/s偏分复用-差分正交相移键控(PDM-DQPSK)传输系统中仿真验证了该方案的有效性. 结果表明该方案可以使112 Gb/s-PDM-DQPSK传输系统完成自适应偏分解复用的同时, 在1 dB的光信噪比代价下, 使系统对偏振模色散的容忍度提高20 ps. 关键词： 偏分复用系统 信道串扰 偏振模色散 偏分解复用     

基于反射式半导体光放大器的OFDM-PON上行通道吞吐潜力

对正交频分复用无源光网(OFDM-PON)的上行通道物理层的吞吐量进行研究。OFDM-PON在光网络单元(ONU)端采用反射式半导体光放大器(RSOA)作为无色光源,实现双边带光强度调制,并在光线路终端(OLT)采用加半导体光放大器(SOA)前置放大的PIN光二极管做直接检测。基于一个RSOA的窄带相干积分模型,采用对有源区中载流子速率方程和光波传播方程的微扰解对RSOA的动态电光调制特性和频率啁啾特性进行理论与实验探讨,证明RSOA具有低通调制特性,其3dB截止频率关联于偏置电流和输入光功率。利用RSOA的频率啁啾和SOA的高通增益特性,并将RSOA与中心波长蓝移的光滤波器级联,实现光学均衡,把上行通道的3dB截止频率从1.5GHz扩展到2.2GHz。进一步采用自适应比特加载的调制格式,使通过一个RSOA的上行数据吞吐量可以达到4Gb/s以上,则一个包含10个ONU的OFDM-PON的上行吞吐量可达到40Gb/s。     

大气湍流中部分相干光束上行和下行传输偏振特性的比较

以部分相干的电磁高斯-谢尔模型(electromagnetic Gaussian-Schell model, EGSM) 光束为研究对象, 根据相干和偏振的统一理论以及随机光束的Stokes参量, 推导出EGSM光束在大气湍流中斜程传输时的偏振度(degree of polarization, DoP)和偏振方向角的表达式, 研究了大气湍流中上行和下行传输时EGSM光束偏振特性的不同. 研究结果表明: 在相同条件下, EGSM 光束下行传输时整个光场DoP的分布比上行传输要集中; 下行传输时轴上点的DoP达到最大值所对应的传输距离长于上行传输. 可以看出, EGSM光束沿下行路径传输时, 探测器可以接收更远距离处的波束传输信息.     

利用综合复用技术拓展数字全息显微系统中的记录视场

为了解决现有数字全息显微系统中高分辨率与大记录视场无法同时兼得的问题, 提出了一种在不牺牲分辨率的前提下拓展数字全息显微记录视场的方法. 该方法中运用了波长不同、偏振态不同的四路相互不相干的探测物光, 同时探测被测样品四个相邻的不同区域, 并使这四束探测物光分别与其相应的参考光相干, 在记录面上同时记录下含有被测样品不同区域信息的复合全息图. 将获得的复合全息图经过频谱变换和数字滤波, 分别重构出所记录区域的振幅和相位分布.最后通过图像拼接和图像融合技术, 可实现接近原记录视场四倍的大视场数字全息显微记录. 该方法在测量过程中无需移动记录装置、光源和被测样品, 单次曝光即可实现, 实验结果验证了本文所提方法的可行性. 关键词： 数字全息显微术 角分复用 偏振复用 波长复用     

100Gb/sPM-QPSK相干光接收系统中改进的带内OSNR监测方法（英文）

为保证偏分复用正交相移键控(PM-QPSK)相干光通信系统的传输性能,提出了一种改进的基于高阶统计矩的光信噪比监测方案.该方案针对不同调制格式给出了不同的修正值,因此对调制格式透明.在搭建的100Gb/s PM-QPSK相干接收系统中对该方案进行了数值仿真,结果表明:当光信噪比在5~25dB的范围内,不同占空比调制码型的监测误差均小于0.5dB;光信噪比参考值为14dB时,在0.5dB的监测范围内,色散容忍度为2 400ps/nm,对一阶偏振模色散的容忍度为62ps.     

光折变LiNbO_3晶体中单光栅实现波长解复用方案

基于光折变LiNbO3晶体中体光栅的各向异性衍射特性,从理论上分析了利用单个体光栅实现波分解复用技术的方案.在此方案中,采用He-Ne激光束记录一个特定波数的光折变体光栅,就能够实现远程通信波长在1550 nm附近的波长解复用,理论上可以实现的解复用波段范围是从1400 nm到1650 nm.由于采用了各向异性衍射,衍射光和读取光的偏振方向互相正交,提高了信噪比;另外,方案中仅需记录单个光栅就可以实现波分复用,克服了多重光栅复用方案中记录时间复杂性的问题.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.