α-呋喃酯的结构与红外光谱特征

总结和归属了α－呋喃甲酸酯α－呋喃甲醇酯和α－呋喃丙烯酸酯的主要红外吸收谱带和特征,讨论了其红外吸收频率随取代基结构而变化的规律。结果表明：α－呋喃环存在三个明显的吸收特征,α－呋喃丙烯酸酯中ＶＣ＝Ｃ约为１６４１ｃｍ＾－１,δ＝Ｃ－Ｈ面外变角振动频率为９７３ｃｍ＾－１,表明双键为反式构型。ＶＣ＝Ｏ约为１７１３ｃｍ＾－１,Ｃ－Ｏ－Ｃ键对称与伸缩振动在１３０５,１２６２和１１６５ｃｍ＾－１处产生三个强     

H2O／KDEHP（75%）—HDEHP（25%）／n—HEPTANE微乳体系表面活性剂？…

利用傅里叶变换拉曼光谱和傅里叶变换红外光谱对Ｈ２Ｏ／ＫＤＥＧＰ（７５％）－ＨＤＥＨＰ（２５％）／ｎ＝ＨＥＰ－ＴＡＮＥ微乳体系的表面活性剂疏水链和极性头基与水分子的相互作用进行了研究。结果表明：当加水量由Ｗ０＝１增加至４３时,表面活性有性头基［ＰＯ２］＾－的反对称伸缩振动由１２３３ｃｍ＾－１移至１２０７ｃｍ＾－１,其对称伸缩振动由１０９４ｃｍ＾－１移至１０８９ｃｍ＾－１。表面活性剂疏水链的堆结构也发     

LaH2分子基态（C2V,A1）的势能函数

在ＱＣＩＳＤ水平上基于相对论紧致有效势（ＲＣＥＰ：Ｒｅｌａｔｉｖｉｓｔｉｃ Ｃｏｍｐａｃｔ Ｅｆｆｅｃｔｉｖｅ Ｐｏｔｅｎ－ｔｉａｌ）方法优化出ＬａＨ２分子的基态为Ｃ２ｖ（Ｘ＾２Ａ１）构型,其〈ＨＬａＨ－１２４４°、平衡核间距Ｒｅ＝２．１９４５Ａ和离子解能Ｄｅ＝５．５９９ｅＶ,并计算出谐振频率：ｖ１＝１２１６．５２１ｃｍ＾－１、ｖ２＝１０８７．４１７ｃｍ＾－１和ｖ３＝２１５６．９５７２ｃｍ＾－１。     

YBa2Cu3O7—δ中Cu—O伸缩振动的红外吸收峰

测量了ｃ轴高度定向的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ高Ｔｃ超导薄膜经３００～７５０℃退火后的红外反射光谱和不同掺Ｚｎ量的ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３－ｘＺｎｘＯ７－δ块状材料的红外吸收光谱。根据这些光谱中Ｃｕ－Ｏ吸收峰的变化，证实了在ＹＢａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ７－δ体系的红外光谱中，６３０ｃｍ＾－１、５９０ｃｍ＾－１、和５５０ｃｍ＾－１三个吸收峰分别对应的Ｃｕ－Ｏ伸缩振动膜，以及与氧缺位的关系。并讨论了二维电子气屏蔽对吸收峰的影响     

时间分辨傅里叶变换红外光谱法研究聚偏氟乙烯的晶变

本文用时间分辨傅里叶变换红外光谱（ＴＲ－ＦＴＩＲＳ）法研究了聚偏氟乙烯（ＰＶＤＦ）的晶型转变，并认５０８ｃｍ＾－１峰的增强和５２８ｃｍ＾－１峰的减弱表示ａ晶型向β晶型的转变，瞬变的初期时间约５ｍｓ，在晶型转变中伴随有“磁滞回线”的非线性效应。     

丙酮酸稀土配合物的红外光谱研究

研究了Ｙ,Ｌａ,Ｃｅ,Ｐｒ,Ｎｄ,Ｓｍ,Ｅｕ,Ｇｄ,Ｄｙ和Ｈｏ等１０种丙酮酸稀土配合物的ＦＴ－ＩＲ光谱;对４００～２０００ｃｍ＾－１的主要红外吸收谱峰进行了归属;２００～４－ｃｍ＾－１有３个随稀土原子序数递增峰位向高波数位移的谱带,可指认为ＲＥ－Ｏ伸缩振动吸收。红外光谱表明,丙酮酸以酸根形式采用螯合桥式三齿方式与稀土配位,某些谱峰有裂分或拓宽现象。配位键以离子键成分为主。     

Nd0.9Ca0.1Ba2Cu3O6＋x超导体系的红外光谱研究

用固相反应法制备、并通过没条件的热处理得到了一组同氧含量的Ｎｄ０．９Ｃｄ０．１ｂａ２Ｃｕ３Ｏ６＋ｘ样品。用Ｘ射线衍射确定了样品的相结构。随着氧含量的增大，结构发生从四方到正交相变。进一步用红外吸收谱研究了体系的结构变化特征。谱图上６４２ｃｍ＾－１，５７８ｃｍ＾－１，５３８ｃｍ＾－１峰的出现及位移，与氧含量引起的结构变化是一致的，并讨论结构与超导电性的关系。     

荧光法测定镧原子高激发态的超精细结构

在Ｌａ空心阴极灯中，用荧光法测定了二级跃迁（１６８５６ｃｍ＾－１→３４２７２ｃｍ＾－１），（２００８２ｃｍ＾－１→２６８５３ｃｍ＾－１）和（２００８２ｃｍ＾－１→３７５４４ｃｍ＾－１）的超精细结构光谱，得到了３４２７２ｃｍ＾－１，３６８５３ｃｍ＾－１和３７５４４ｃｍ＾－１能级的Ａ常数，这些镧原子高激发态超精细结构数据是首次报道。     

结合重金属前后浮萍的红外光谱比较

对结合ＺｎＳＯ４前后浮萍的红外光谱图进行了比较。结构Ｚｎ＾２＋后,３４００ｃｍ＾－１附近的羟基峰发生了位移（△υ＝８３ｃｍ＾－１）,且吸光度下降,１６５０和１５４０ｃｍ＾－１处的蛋白质特征峰的吸光度也下降,而６２０ｃｍ＾－１处峰的吸光度随ＺｎＳＯ４浓度的升高显著增大。因此羟基在结合Ｚｎ＾２＋时起重要作用,结合ＺｎＳＯ４后细胞壁的结构发生了变化,结合ＺｎＳＯ４时物理吸附与化学吸附共同起作用。     

含R2dtc配体和V=O基的金属簇红外光谱研究

本文报道两类含Ｒ２ｄｔｃ配体的金属簇的红外光谱特点及某些规律,含Ｒ２ｄｔｃ的立方簇合物在４００－５００ｃｍ＾－１有较宽而弱的吸收,可归结于Ｍ－μ３Ｓ振动。Ｍ－Ｓｄｔｃ在３３０－３８０ｃｍ＾－１,Ｃ－Ｎ振动在１４７０－１５１０ｃｍ＾－１。二甲基ｄｔｃ配体立方的ｖ（Ｃ－Ｎ）与ｖ（Ｃ＝Ｓ）比值他二烷基ｄｔｃ立方烷的相应振动分别蓝移和红移,可归结于甲基超共轭效应所致。「Ｖ２Ｃｕ２Ｓ４（Ｒ２ｄｔｃ）２（ＰｈＳ）２」＾２－和「ＶＣｕ４Ｓ４（Ｒ２ｄｔｃ）ｎ（ＰｈＳ）４－ｎ」＾３－（ｎ＝０,１,２）的Ｍ－μ３Ｓ振动分别出现在４８０和４６５ｃｍ＾－１,可作为区别两类化合物的一个指标。另一类含（Ｒ２ｄｔｃ）２Ｖ２Ｏ２（μ－Ｓ）２单元的金属簇中,Ｖ－Ｏ伸缩频率在８４４－９７０ｃｍ＾－１范围内,（Ｅｔ４Ｎ）「Ｖ２Ｓ２Ｏ３（Ｅｔ２ｄｔｃ     

Self-organization of five species in a cyclic competition game

Cyclic competition game models, particularly the “rock–paper–scissors” model, play important roles in exploring the problem of multi-species coexistence in spatially ecological systems. We propose an extended “rock–paper–scissors” game to model cyclic interactions among five species, and find that two of the five can coexistent when biodiversity disappears, which is different from the “rock–paper–scissors” game. As the number of fingers is five, we named the new model the “fingers” game, where the thumb, forefinger, middle finger, ring finger, and little finger cyclically dominate their subsequent species and are dominated by their former species. We investigate the “fingers” model in two ways: direct simulations and nonlinear partial differential equations. An important finding is that the number of species in a cyclic competition game has an influence on the emergence of biodiversity. To be specific, the “rock–paper–scissors” model is in favor of maintaining biodiversity in comparison with the “fingers” model when the variables (population size, reproduction rate, selection rate, and migration rate) are the same. It is also shown that the mobility and reproduction rate can promote or jeopardize biodiversity.     

Contrastive analysis on tone between Putonghua and Taiwan Mandarin

The differences of the pitch and duration of Chinese syllables between Putonghua （PTH） and Taiwan Mandarin （TM） were studied. The speech materials to be used are not only isolated syllables, but also sentences. The results reveal that： For the isolated syllables, T1 and T2 in TM are influenced by Minnan dialect, therefore their pitch are lower than those in PTH. T3 is fall-rise in PTH, while it is fall in TM. Moreover, the syllable duration sequence for different tone is T3〉T2〉T1〉T4 in PTH, while it is T1〉T2〉T3〉T4 in TM. For the syllables in sentences, T2 is mid-rise in PTH, while it is mid-level in TM. And the T3 is longer than T4 but shorter than T1 or T2 in PTH, while it is the shortest in TM. Furthermore the effects of prosodic phrase boundary on duration for different tones are almost the same in PTH, but the lengthening part of T1 or T2 is longer than that of T3 or T4 in TM.     

Experimental study on downstep in Chinese intonation

Downstep in pitch contour of Chinese Putonghua is examined using subtly designed sentences by controlling tone combinations. The results show both automatic and nonautomatic downstep phenomena exist in Chinese. In non-automatic downstep, low tones compress downwards the pitch range of the following syllables. and the main influence of downstep is on topline. Low tone not only lower the topline behind it, but also raise the high tones before it, the effects are compatible with each other. In automatic downstep, the topline of pitch contour in intonational phrase is presented as a linear downtrend, but it differs among speakers due to the effect of personal stress practice. In comparison with downstep phenomenon in other tone or non-tone languages, the downstep ratio in Chinese is not constant, and the domain of downstep is not limited within the adjacent tones.     

Abelian-Higgs phase of SU(2) QCD and glueball energy

It is shown that SU(2) QCD admits an dual Abelian-Higgs phase, with a Higgs vacuum of a type-Ⅱ superconductor. This is done by using a connection decomposition for the gluon field and the random-direction approximation. Using a bag picture with soft wall, we presented a calculational procedure for the glueball energy based on the recent proof for wall-vortices [Nucl. Phys. B 741(2006)1].     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Signal generation in an isotropic medium in scanning electron acoustic microscope

Based on the research in Ref. [5][Materials Science and Engineering, 1989; A122： 57 63], an improved model of heat source is set up, the different modes of Lamb wave in an isotropic sample generated by a chopped electron beam at frequency f are obtained with integral transform and normal function expansion method, and the output signal of PZT coupled at the back surface of the sample is found out. The generation mechanism of SEAM （Scanning Electron Acoustic Microscopy） signal is discussed. It shows that the SEAM is a near field imaging technique with high spatial resolution and its best lateral spatial resolution is about 2√2α （α is the radius of the focused electron beam）. Some of experimental results of SEAM images are presented in the paper and it shows that the spatial resolution of SEAM is better than 0.5 μm and smaller than the thermal diffusion length of the sample. Therefore the character of near field imaging in SEAM is also proved experimentally.     

High efficiency filtering using two-dimensional photonic crystal coupled cavity structures

Transmission spectra of coupled cavity structures (CCSs) in two-dimensional (2D) photonic crystals (PCs) are investigated using a coupled mode theory, and an optical filter based on CCS is proposed. The performance of the filter is investigated using finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method, and the results show that within a very short coupling distance of about 3λ, where λ is the wavelength of signal in vacuum, the incident signals with different frequencies are separated into different channels with a contrast ratio of 20 dB. The advantages of this kind of filter are small size and easily tunable operation frequencies.