Surface mico-structures on amorphous alloys induced by vortex femtosecond laser pulses

This paper investigates the generation of self-organized surface structures on amorphous alloys by vortex femtosecond laser pulses. The scanning electron microscope characterizations show that the as-formed structures are periodic ripples, aperiodic ripples, and `coral-like' structures. Optimal conditions for forming these surface structures are determined in terms of pulses number at a given pulse energy. The applicable mechanism is suggested to interpret the formation and evolution of the `coral-like' structures.     

稀土离子对氨基酸－茚三酮体系荧光增强作用

进行了稀土氨基酸－茚三酮体系荧光增强作用研究。探讨了不同稀土离子与配体Ｒｕｈｅｍａｎｎ’ｓｐｕｒｐｌｅ作用，生成配合物的荧光增强作用机理和条件。     

一个催化氧化四甲基联苯胺荧光测定超痕量铁的新方法

铁是一种必需的微量元素,它在生命过程中起着重要的作用,但是摄入过多的三价铁会使机体的载氧能力下降,引起不稳定血红蛋白病以及高铁血红蛋白症等疾病。无论是从人类健康还是环境保护角度出发,探究简便、快速、灵敏度高和选择性好的检测Fe（Ⅲ）的分析新方法很有意义。荧光分析是一种优异的分子光谱分析方法,具有灵敏度高、选择性强、操作简单等特点,在重金属离子的检测方面也取得了较好的进展,目前利用荧光法测定Fe3+也有报道,但有的灵敏度不高,有的选择性不好,有的试剂毒性较大。报道了一种简单、快速、灵敏检测Fe（Ⅲ）的四甲基联苯胺（TMB）荧光分析新方法。在pH 4.5 Tris-HCl缓冲液及35 ℃水浴条件下,H₂O₂氧化无毒易得的四甲基联苯胺（TMB）这一反应较慢;当有痕量Fe（Ⅲ）存在时,它催化过氧化氢（H₂O₂）氧化TMB生成具有较强荧光活性的TMB氧化产物（TMB_ox）,用激发波长280 nm激发,TMB_ox在405 nm处有一个较强的荧光峰,且在一定的范围内,随着Fe（Ⅲ）浓度的增大,其荧光强度线性增强。采用单变量变换法优化了荧光分析条件,选择Tris-HCl缓冲溶液的pH为4.5,其浓度为3.3×10-4 mol·L-1,TMB浓度为3.0×10-5 mol·L-1,H₂O₂浓度为6.0×10-6 mol·L-1,在35 ℃条件下反应35 min。在选定条件下,Fe3+浓度在0.027～400 nmol·L-1范围内,随着Fe3+浓度的增大,体系在405 nm处的荧光信号线性增强,其线性方程为ΔF_{405 nm}=2.31c+5.0,线性相关系数R2为0.985,其检出限为0.008 nmol·L-1。考察了共存物质对测定200 nmol·L-1 Fe（Ⅲ）的影响。结果表明,当相对误差在±10%之内,20 μmol·L-1的HCO-₃,K+,SO2-₄,NH+₄,Mn2+,Na+,Cu2+,Al3+,Zn2+,F-,Mg2+,Ba2+,Ca2+,Co2+,NO3-,NO2-,10 μmol·L-1的CO2-₃,Cr6+,2 μmol·L-1的Hg2+,BSA不干扰测定。表明该法具有较好的选择性。据此,建立了一个简单、快速、灵敏高、选择性高的测定Fe（Ⅲ）的荧光分析新方法。按以下步骤制备了乳制品的样品溶液,准确吸取1.4 mL乳制品加入600 μL乙酸（V/V=3％）,于10 000 r·min-1下离心3 min,然后吸取离心上清液1mL加入48 μL 2.5 mol·L-1 NaOH定容至2 mL,于10 000 r·min-1下离心3 min,最后吸取1 mL上清液稀释至5 mL得到样品溶液。然后采用该催化荧光分析新方法测定了牛奶样品中Fe（Ⅲ）含量,结果令人满意, 其相对标准偏差为0.29%～0.41%,回收率为94.6%～108.0%。     

Electronic band structure of a type-II ’W’ quantum well calculated by an eight-band k·p model

In this paper, we present an investigation of type-II 'W' quantum wells for the InAs/Ga_1-xIn_xSb/AlSb family, where 'W' denotes the conduction profile of the material. We focus our attention on using the eight-band k?p model to calculate the band structures within the framework of finite element method. For the sake of clarity, the simulation in this paper is simplified and based on only one period---AlSb/InAs/Ga_1-xIn_xSb/InAs/AlSb. The obtained numerical results include the energy levels and wavefunctions of carriers. We discuss the variations of the electronic properties by changing several important parameters, such as the thickness of either InAs or Ga_1-xIn_xSb layer and the alloy composition in Ga_1-xIn_xSb separately. In the last part, in order to compare the eight-band k?p model, we recalculate the conduction bands of the 'W' structure using the one-band k?p model and then discuss the difference between the two results, showing that conduction bands are strongly coupled with valence bands in the narrow band gap structure. The in-plane energy dispersions, which illustrate the suppression of the Auger recombination process, are also obtained.     

Determination of the number of ψ' events at BESⅢ

The number of ψ’ events accumulated by the BESⅢ experiment from March 3 through April 14, 2009, is determined by counting inclusive hadronic events. The result is 106.41×(1.00±0.81%)×106 . The error is systematic dominant; the statistical error is negligible.     

A weight’s agglomerative method for detecting communities in weighted networks based on weight’s similarity

This paper proposes the new definition of the community structure of the weighted networks that groups of nodes in which the edge's weights distribute uniformly but at random between them. It can describe the steady connections between nodes or some similarity between nodes' functions effectively. In order to detect the community structure efficiently, a threshold coefficient κ to evaluate the equivalence of edges' weights and a new weighted modularity based on the weight's similarity are proposed. Then, constructing the weighted matrix and using the agglomerative mechanism, it presents a weight's agglomerative method based on optimizing the modularity to detect communities. For a network with n nodes, the algorithm can detect the community structure in time O(n²log₂ⁿ). Simulations on networks show that the algorithm has higher accuracy and precision than the existing techniques. Furthermore, with the change of κ the algorithm discovers a special hierarchical organization which can describe the various steady connections between nodes in groups.     

Current-induced pseudospin polarization in silicene

The pseudospin polarization induced by an external electric field in silicene in the presence of weakly spinindependent impurities is considered theoretically in the linear response regime based on Green’s function method. We study the effects of the interplay between the sublattice potential and the intrinsic spin orbit coupling on the pseudospin polarization. We show that the pseudospin polarization perpendicular to the electric field is independent of the impurity parameter, while the pseudospin polarization in the direction of the electric field is sensitive to the impurity parameter. The dependences of the pseudospin polarizations on the chemical potential are studied.     

Exciplex elimination in an organic light-emitting diode based on a fluorene derivative by inserting 4,4’-N,N’-dicarbazole-biphenyl into donor/acceptor interface

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) composed of a novel fluorene derivative of 2,3-bis(9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluoren-2-yl)-6,7-difluoroquinoxaline (F2Py) were fabricated, and exciplex emission was observed in the device. To depress the exciplex in an OLED for pure colour light emission, 4, 4'-N,N'-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) was inserted as a separator at the donor/acceptor interface. It was found that the device without the CBP layer emitted a green light peaking at 542~nm from the exciplex and a shoulder peak about 430~nm from F2Py. In contrast, the OLED with CBP layer emitted only a blue light peak at about 432~nm from F2Py. Device efficiencies were calculated by a simulative mode in an injection controlled type mechanism, and the results showed that exciplexes yield much lower quantum efficiency than excitons. The device with CBP has a higher power efficiency as no exciplex was present.     

A protocol to transform Svetlichny's genuine multipartite correlations into standard isotropic form

The standard isotropic correlations are widely used in the research of no-locality of quantum physics. We prove that any multipartite no-signaling correlation can be transformed into standard isotropic form through a randomization procedure, which does not change Svetlichny’s genuine multipartite correlation. For the tripartite correlations, each part with two inputs and two outcomes, we explicitly give the protocol and the proof of its validity. We then generalize the protocol to deal with the case of an N-partite.     

3,3',4',7-四羟基黄酮醇与人血清白蛋白结合的光谱学表征

应用荧光光谱和紫外光谱对3,3’,4’,7-四羟基黄酮醇(FIS)与人血清白蛋白(HSA)的结合机理进行了表征。在生理pH7.4下,FIS对HSA的内源荧光有显著的猝灭现象,在实验浓度范围内(药物与蛋白质浓度比0.1至10之间)其荧光猝灭机理主要是静态猝灭。研究结果表明,FIS和HSA之间形成了1∶1的复合物,结合常数为(1.05±0.18)×105L·mol-1。利用紫外光谱研究了FIS在不同pH值条件下的解离行为,发现FIS在生理条件下以离子和中性分子的混合形式存在。与蛋白质的结合使FIS的紫外吸收光谱Ⅰ带发生了明显的红移(与中性分子相比红移幅度超过40nm),证明了药物分子离子状态以静电力与蛋白质发生结合。其紫外光谱的二阶导数谱显示,药物分子与蛋白质的结合可分为特征和非特征形式。由于激发态质子转移,与蛋白质的相互作用引起了FIS内源荧光发射峰强度的明显增加,进一步证实了它们与蛋白质的结合。     

基于四甲基联苯胺和吖啶橙间荧光共振能量转移的比率型荧光测定左氧氟沙星

基于3,3’,5,5’(四甲基联苯胺(3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine, TMB)和吖啶橙(AO)之间荧光共振能量转移(FRET),建立了一种快速、低背景干扰、高灵敏度测定盐酸左氧氟沙星(LVF)的新型比率型荧光探针。在pH 5.0 NaAc-HCl缓冲溶液中,在310 nm的光激发下,TMB在350～500 nm处的荧光光谱和AO的吸收光谱重叠。以TMB作为能量供体,AO作为能量受体,构建了FRET体系。根据能量转移理论,该体系的荧光共振能量转移效率为62.5%,供体-受体间距离为2.17 nm,进一步说明TMB和AO之间发生了FRET。当在体系中加入LVF后,TMB将荧光能量转移给LVF, LVF又作为供体将能量转移给AO。LVF在TMB和AO之间起到桥梁作用,LVF将吸收的TMB荧光能量转移给AO,使得TMB荧光强度明显降低,AO的荧光强度则显著增加,从而提高了体系的FRET效率。在最优实验条件下,F_{546 nm}与F_{402 nm}之比与LVF浓度(2～80μmol·L^-1)之间存在良好的线...     

胞嘧啶与3,3',5,5'-四溴间甲酚磺酞反应体系研究

采用UV-Vis法对胞嘧啶(Cy)与3,3',5,5'-四溴间甲酚磺酞(XJFL)反应体系进行了研究.研究了在酸性条件下温度、时间、离子强度等对反应体系的影响;测得反应的线性范围为0～32μg·mL-1,最大结合数n=16,摩尔吸光系数ε=1.32×103 L·cm-1·mol-1等;并对反应机理进行了研究.同时测定了无机物,生物物质,表面活性剂对反应体系的干扰情况.     

Integrating the environmental factor into the strategy updating rule to promote cooperation in evolutionary games

Many previous studies have shown that the environment plays an important role for social individuals.In this paper,we integrate the environmental factor,which is defined as the average payoff of all a player’s neighbours,with the standard Fermi updating rule by introducing a tunable parameter,ω.It is found that the level of cooperation increases remarkably,and that the cooperators can better resist the invasion of defection with an increase in ω.This interesting phenomenon is then explained from a microscopic view.In addition,the universality of this mechanism is also proved with the help of the small-world network and the random regular graph.This work may be helpful in understanding cooperation behaviour in species from unicellular organisms up to human beings.     

J＇K耦合的Zeeman效应

在分析光谱数据基础上，本文以Ｎｅ原子６３２８谱线为Ｊ’Ｋ耦合Ｚｅｅｍａｎ效应实例计算了谱线在较弱磁场中的分裂情况；从而廓清了有关教材中不正确的论述。     

光谱法研究N-烃基吖啶满和10,10''''-二烃基-9,9''''-联二吖啶烯的氧化反应

ＵＶ，ＩＲ，ＥＳＲ和荧光光谱法研究了Ｎ－烃基吖啶满和１０，１０’－二烃基－９，９’－联二吖啶烯与π－电子受体：ＤＤＱ、ＴＣＮＱ、ＴＣＮＥ、ＣＡ的氧化反应过程，提出了它们的氧化反应机理。     

4种联咪唑衍生物的铜配合物的合成、表征及与ct-DNA相互作用的光谱研究

合成并表征了N,N’-二甲基-5-硝基-2,2’-联咪唑分别与铜盐Cu（Ac）₂·H₂O、CuBr₂、CuCl₂·2H_O和CuSO₄·2H₂O所形成的4种配合物。利用紫外光谱、荧光光谱和粘度等方法研究了配合物与DNA的作用,结果表明配合物均以部分插入模式与DNA相互作用。     

Robust networked H∞ synchronization of nonidentical chaotic Lur＇e systems

We mainly investigate the robust networked H∞synchronization problem of nonidentical chaotic Lur’e systems. In the design of the synchronization scheme, some network characteristics, such as nonuniform sampling, transmissioninduced delays, and data packet dropouts, are considered. The parameters of master–slave chaotic Lur’e systems often allow differences. The sufficient condition in terms of linear matrix inequality(LMI) is obtained to guarantee the dissipative synchronization of nonidentical chaotic Lur’e systems in network environments. A numerical example is given to illustrate the validity of the proposed method.     

Exchange interaction between vortex and antivortex

The dynamic properties of interacting vortex–antivortex pairs in thin film are studied by analytical calculations. Analytical expressions for the magnetization vector distribution of vortex–antivortex pairs and the trivortex states are given.The magnetic states of the vortices are treated as having rigid structures, i.e., the vortex maintains its spin distribution when moving. The trajectories of the vortex cores are calculated by the Thiele’s equation. It is found that the vortex–antivortex pair rotates around each other when they have opposite polarities, however, vortex and antivortex cores move along straight lines when they have the same polarity. The frequency of the rotation decreases with increasing the distance between the two cores of vortex–antivortex pair, and it has a lower value when a third vortex is introduced.     

混合悬浮液中纳米颗粒对核化形态的影响

均相沸腾活化核心的形成靠液体分子(或密度)脉动形成,低过热温度下临界活化核心比纳米颗粒本身粒径要大很多,颗粒添加的影响相对很小,依旧保持为均相沸腾。随着液体过热温度的增加至临界活化核心与颗粒尺寸可比时,颗粒才有可能成为新的活化核心,液体内部的均相沸腾也转变为非均相沸腾,但在考虑颗粒吸附的情况下,颗粒的吸附会使表面部分核化中心失去活性,弱化了原有非均相核化。