高变倍比大相对口径长波红外变焦系统设计

针对传统红外连续变焦系统难以同时满足高变倍比和大相对口径的使用要求,通过采用复合变焦光学系统结构,增加传统红外连续变焦光学系统的变焦距范围和相对口径。基于长波红外320×240像元、25 μm×25 μm非制冷焦平面探测器,设计了一款高变倍比大相对口径长波红外变焦光学系统, 光学系统由一个连续变焦部分与两档变焦部分组成,通过引入衍射光学元件校正长焦端色差,工作波段为8 μm~12 μm,焦距变化范围为-9 mm~-272.25 mm,F数为1.4。该系统具有成像质量好、变倍比高、相对口径大、导程小和凸轮曲线平滑等优点。     

轻型车载大口径光电跟测系统光学设计

设计了一套能实现机动式布站的大口径车载可见光、红外、激光光电跟踪测量光学系统。其主光学系统采用共口径光谱分光方式工作,系统有效口径1.2m,各成像通道成像质量均达到衍射极限;捕获电视系统采用连续变焦距光学系统,视场范围0.31°～4.57°;激光测距通道设计作用距离达20km。光学设计结果表明,此套光学系统能够用于空中和空间目标的运动轨迹、成像测量和实况景象记录。     

中波红外长焦距折反光学系统设计

针对多模制导中长焦距红外光学系统结构紧凑及宽温度范围热稳定性的要求,设计了一种中波红外折反光学系统。该系统根据其它模式制导的要求,采用固定焦距和口径的主镜,通过二次成像,在保持长焦距的同时减小了透镜的口径,降低了到达中继成像系统主光线的高度,同时也降低了制造成本。设计了波长为3.7~4.8 μm、焦距f为300 mm、F数为2的中波红外成像系统。结果表明,该系统结构紧凑像质优良,各视场光学传递函数均大于0.6,接近衍射极限,并且在-50~70℃可实现光学被动消热差。针对该光学系统进行了公差分析并提出了抑制杂散辐射的方法,该系统满足实际加工和应用需求。     

大变倍比中波红外连续变焦光学系统设计

针对新一代光电吊舱对轻小型长焦距高清红外变焦成像系统的迫切需求,采用分辨率为1280×1024、像元尺寸为15μm大面阵中波制冷红外探测器,设计了一款变倍比为48、焦距范围为25～1200 mm的中波红外连续变焦光学系统。为了实现小型化设计,采用二次成像、正组机械补偿、平滑换根、结合后组温阑切换变F数,以及光路巧妙折转的设计思路及方法,在保证100%冷阑效率的同时,实现了红外变焦系统的大变倍比与小型化设计。结果表明,该光学系统在-40℃～+60℃温度范围内具有良好的成像质量,且光学最大口径为230 mm,光学总长仅为350 mm,该系统具有结构紧凑、变倍比大、焦距长、分辨率高、成像质量良好等优点,可满足新一代红外成像系统的要求。     

红外光学系统焦距测量装置校准规范说明

红外光学系统焦距测量装置是红外光学系统焦距校准和检测的技术手段之一。红外光学系统焦距测量装置校准规范不仅应用于计量部门，保证计量部门日常校准工作的准确性、一致性和可溯源性，同时为红外光学系统焦距测量装置生产部门提供了技术依据，满足红外光学系统焦距测量装置用户在申请各种认证过程中对红外光学系统焦距测量系统的要求。简要介绍红外光学系统焦距测量装置校准规范的主要构成和主要参数校准方法及不确定度评定。     

红外大变倍比连续变焦距系统光学被动式无热化设计

为了实现大变倍比连续变焦距红外光学系统的光学被动无热化设计,研究了连续变焦距系统的无热化设计基本理论及方法。提出了在大相对孔径大变倍比连续变焦距红外系统中采用光学被动式消热差的方法。推导出了连续变焦距系统光学被动消热差的计算方法。基于这种计算方法,设计了一个焦距30~150mm,长波红外工作波段在8~12μm,相对孔径1∶1.1的大变倍比、大相对孔径连续变焦距系统,并进行光学被动消热差设计,使系统在-30℃~60℃温度范围内MTF大于0.3满足成像要求。系统设计合理,成像质量满足要求,通过系统设计充分验证设计理论的可行性和实用性。     

大口径超长焦距紧凑型光学系统设计

为满足空间遥感光学系统结构紧凑、体积小以及高分辨率的需求,提出了一种长焦距紧凑型光学系统的设计方法。基于高斯光学和初级像差理论,创建了同轴四反射镜系统的初始结构,通过视场偏置的方法避免二次遮拦。对设计的大口径超长焦距同轴偏视场四反射光学系统进行优化,系统口径1 800 mm,有效焦距25 000 mm,全视场角1°×0.1°。设计结果表明,系统设计波像差优于λ/50(λ=632.8 nm),全视场相对畸变小于0.4%,光学筒长仅为有效焦距的1/10,结构简单紧凑,像质接近衍射极限,对大口径超长焦距空间遥感光学系统的设计具有一定的借鉴作用。     

红外光学系统焦距测量的研究

红外光学系统是红外系统的关键组件,而焦距是光学系统重要的参数之一,它的测量直接影响到红外系统的定位精度和打击目标的准确率。传统的测量焦距的方法一直沿用可见光照明的放大率法,其测量精度受很多因素的制约。研制的测量红外光学系统焦距的系统,采用倒置放大率法测量方式,直接用红外光源照明放置在被测光学系统物方焦面上的玻罗板,用线...     

大口径内扫描红外变焦光学系统设计

设计了一种大口径内扫描三档变焦光学系统。系统工作波段为7.7～10.3μm,焦距为65mm、130mm、390mm,变倍比为6∶1,系统F数为1.67,最大口径为240mm。系统具有较好的成像质量,且对冷反射和扫描温差进行了优化控制,这种变焦光学系统具有大口径、长焦距,能够用于对远距离小目标跟踪的特点,在高性能红外热像仪中得到较好的应用。     

双色红外共孔径消热差光学系统设计

针对红外搜索跟踪系统对目标的探测,为提高光学系统在复杂背景下的探测能力,设计了双色红外共口径光学系统。系统工作波段为红外中波3 m~5 m和红外长波8 m~12 m,采用分光型RC系统实现双波段共孔径清晰成像,总焦距为400 mm,相对孔径D/f=1/2,全视场角为2,为了抑制中波的热辐射杂光,对中波系统实现了二次成像,通过红外材料与光焦度的合理分配实现了折反式被动消热差设计。设计结果表明,系统在-40℃～+60℃工作温度下像质优良,能够满足红外搜索跟踪系统的使用需求。     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.