色觉的译码模型及其验证

文中简要介绍了色觉机制的译码模型,提出了一个基于译码模型的θ-r-z色坐标制.这一色坐标制既具有孟塞尔色坐标制的特点,又具有xyz色坐标制的特点.同时,文中绘出了一个通过对R、G、B作非线性变换得出θ~*-r_c~*-z~*色坐标制,并通过z和z~*对明度的反映孟塞尔色样品在θ~*-r_c~*-z~*制中的分布,验证了模型的合理性.     

e+e-湮没中轻夸克碎裂为粲介子的研究

研究了e+e-湮没中"初始"轻夸克和胶子劈裂产生的组合为介子(包括D-, D-s, 0)或*介子(包括D*-, D*-s, *0)的过程.发现尤其在s=MZ处,其产额相对较大,当限制或*的能量大于20GeV时,它和c夸克碎裂产物的不变质量谱在稍大于2M附近有一个峰,这是该过程区别于其它或*介子产生过程的显著特征.此过程产生的矢量介子基本上是纵向极化的,与实验上观测到的*介子的纵向极化一致.     

层流圆管潜射流生成蘑菇形涡结构特性数值研究

基于不可压Navier-Stokes方程, 采用计算流体力学方法, 数值模拟与分析了层流圆管潜射流在密度均匀黏性流体中的演化机理及其表现特征, 定量研究了蘑菇形涡结构无量纲射流长度L^*、螺旋型涡环半径R^*及其包络外形长度d^*等几 何特征参数随无量纲时间t^*的变化规律. 数值结果表明, 蘑菇形涡结构的形成与演化过程可分为三个不同的阶段: 启动阶段、发展阶段和衰退阶段. 在启动阶段, L^*和d^*随t^* 线性变化, 而R^*则近似为一个常数; 在发展阶段, 蘑菇形涡结构的演化具有自相似性, L^*, R^*和d^*与t^*1/2均为同一正比关系, 而且雷诺数和无量纲射流时间不影响该正比关系; 在衰退阶段, L^* 和R^* 正比于t^*1/5, 而d^*则近似为一个常数. 此外, 还对蘑菇形涡结构二次回流点、 动量源作用中心及其几何中心的速度变化规律、垂向涡量分布特征和 涡量-流函数关系进行了分析. 关键词： 圆管潜射流 蘑菇形涡结构 演化机理     

密度泛函理论方法研究6H-SiC(0001)表面对氧分子和水分子的吸附（英文）

本文通过密度泛函方法计算6H-SiC(0001)表面对氧分子和水分子的吸附.在6H-SiC(0001)表面上吸附的O_2分子自发地解离成O~*,并被吸收在C与Si原子之间的空位上.吸附的H_2O自发地分解成OH~*和H~*,它们都被吸附在Si原子的顶部,OH~*进一步可逆地转化为O~*和H~*.H~*可以使Si悬键饱和并改变O~*的吸附类型,并进一步稳定6H-SiC(0001)表面并防止其转变为SiO_2.     

颜色视觉匹配中显示器颜色色差阈值的评价

为了对阴极射线管(Cathode ray tube,CRT)显示器颜色恰可辨别的小色差阈值进行评价,在中性灰背景下,用编制的颜色匹配程序,在CRT显示器上随机产生颜色,分别调节程序中R、G、B通道的值,使匹配色与随机色达到视觉上的一致,进行颜色视觉匹配实验,测量CRT显示器上随机色和匹配色的L*a*b*值.用不同的色差公式对实验数据分别从明度、色调、饱和度进行比较分析,色差公式评价小色差的性能是CIEDE2000优于CMC(2∶1)和CIEL*a*b*.在a*b*图上绘制实验颜色恰可辨别图.不同色差公式计算的CRT显示器恰可辨别小色差阈值不同.     

B2H6分子结构和振动频率的DFT研究

用密度泛函理论(DFT)方法研究B2H6分子的几何结构、空间电子密度分布和轨道动量分布以及振动频率等基本性质.取DFT理论中的B3LYP方法和6-311++G* *基组对乙硼烷分子的几何构型进行全优化计算后分析其空间电子密度分布.利用不同方法和基组得到了轨道动量分布.在B3LYP/6-311++G* *基础上对优化后的结构进行正则振动频率分析.     

K*(892)电磁质量反常(英文)

电中性的 K* (892 )电磁质量可以大于带电荷的 K* (892 ) .这是异乎寻常的现象 ,将被称为K* -电磁质量反常 .评述了这个课题 ,并指出 K* 的质量劈裂可以在北京谱仪 (BES)上作精密测量. Electromagnetic masses of neutral K *(892) may be larger than one of charged K *(892). It is unusual and is called K *-EM-mass anomaly. We review the studies on this issue, and point out that K *-mass splitting can be measured in BES accurately.     

乙二醇均相溶液中苊醌三重激发态淬灭反应的TR-ESR研究

利用时间分辨电子自旋共振(TR-ESR)方法,研究了乙二醇(EG)均相溶液中稳定自由基TEMPO和生物抗氧化剂维生素C(VC)对苊醌(ACQ)激发三重态3ACQ*的淬灭反应.光解ACQ/EG体系,观察到苊醌中性自由基ACQH*和乙二醇烷基自由基的发射/吸收+发射(E/A+E)的CIDEP信号,ACQH*和CH2(OH)CHOH由3ACQ*从EG上夺氢生成.光解ACQ/TEMPO/EG体系,3ACQ*与TEMPO相互作用将极化转移给TEMPO.光解ACQ/VC/EG体系,3ACQ*除了从EG上夺氧外,还从VC上夺氢生成VC负离子基As*-.较强的As*-的CIDEP信号表明VC对3ACQ*有明显的淬灭作用.     

甲烷-空气预混火焰中OH∗,CH∗发光的定量测量及模拟

基于燃烧化学自发光的诊断技术对发动机诊断、监控有重要意义.针对碳氢燃料燃烧中OH*，CH*激发态物质的生成机理，及其与释热率、当量比的关系进行了实验与模拟探究.首先，利用提出的辐射标定手段对当量比0.7~1.33范围内甲烷-空气预混火焰进行了化学发光量化测量，通过波长分辨的光学收集系统，同时获得各发光组分的浓度，具有很强的便利性.然后采用一维燃烧反应模拟，对与实验工况相同条件下的发光辐射进行定量计算，并对比了释热分布与激发态物质（OH*，CH*，C₂*，CO₂*）的相互关系，计算结果表明，在甲烷-空气层流火焰中，OH*，CH*最合适标识释热率，C₂*次之，CO₂*与释热率分布几乎无相关性.通过实验与计算的对比结果，分析了现有OH*，CH*的各反应通道和常数的准确度，并评估了两自发光组分的主要生成反应路径.      

引用期刊一览表

，为《中文核心期刊要目总览》收录期刊) 1沪51制造与测试 关安徽大学学报.自然科学版 *半导体光电 *半导体技术 *半导体学报 关北京大学学报.自然科学版 *北京工业大学学报 *北京航空航天大学学报 *北京理工大学学报 表面技术 *兵工学报 兵工自动化 *材料科学与工程 测控技术 测试技术学报 长春理工大学学报 重庆工商大学学报(自然科学版) *传感技术学报 关传感器技术 传感器世界 *大连理工大学学报 *大学物理 *大自然探索 二导弹与航天运载技术 灯与照明 *电测与仪表 电光系统 关电光与控制 *电路与系统学报 *电视技术 电子测量技术 电子…     

XeO~*和XeS~*的紫外发射谱

研究了Xe(6p[1/2]_0 )和Xe(6p[3/2]_2)激发态与含氧分子反应的淬灭动力学.在与N_2O和OCS分子反应中,观察到较强的XeO和XeS紫外发射,其最大强度分别在234nm和227nm,并对发射机构进行了讨论.     

Thermodynamic,optical and switching parameters of a ferroelectric liquid crystalline material having SmA*-SmC*-SmBh* phase sequence

Thermodynamic and electro-optical characterization of a ferroelectric liquid crystalline material, namely ((S) (+) 4-(1-methylheptyloxy) phenyl 4′-octyloxybiphenyl-4-carboxylate) possessing paraelectric SmA*, ferroelectric SmC*, hexatic SmB_h* and SmI* phases has been carried out. Phase identification has been done by optical and thermodynamic studies. Switching parameters viz. spontaneous polarization, switching time and rotational viscosity have been determined. The spontaneous polarization has been found to increase with decreasing temperature in SmC* phase. The switching time is found of the order of few milliseconds.     

Study of φ(1020), D*± and B* spin alignment in hadronic Z0 decays

Measurements of helicity density matrix elements have been made for the φ(1020), D*^± and B* vector mesons in multihadronic Z⁰ decays in the OPAL experiment at LEP. Results for inclusive φ produced with high energy show evidence for production preferentially in the helicity zero state, with ρ ₀₀ = 0.54 ± 0.08, compared to the value of 1/3 expected for no spin alignment. The corresponding element for the D*± has a value of 0.40 ± 0.02, also suggesting a deviation from 1/3. The B* result, with ρ ₀₀ = 0.36 ± 0.09, is consistent with no spin alignment. Off-diagonal elements have been measured for the f and D* mesons; for the D* the element Re ρ _1?1 is non-zero, indicating non-independent fragmentation of the primary quarks.     

Structural, electro-optical and dielectric characterizations of ferroelectric liquid crystals showing the SmC*–SmA*–N* phase sequence

Structural (helical pitch), electro-optical (tilt angle, spontaneous polarization and response time) and dielectric (Goldstone mode) characterizations have been performed on two pure ferroelectric liquid crystals of a biphenyl alkyloxy benzoate series and they show the N*–SmA*–SmC* phase sequence. The different results are discussed: the helical pitch, the spontaneous polarization and the rotational viscosity which is determined as a function of temperature by two methods using electro-optical or dielectric measurements. An Arrhenius behaviour of the rotational viscosity is found for the two compounds. The corresponding activation energies are determined.     

甲烷层流和湍流预混火焰OH^*和CH^*的化学发光特性

化学发光能够对火焰结构和燃烧过程进行良好的表征,但利用化学发光对湍流火焰进行测量的研究相对较少。为了更深入地研究和发展湍流燃烧理论,设计了伴燃射流燃烧器,通过ICCD相机和相应滤波片获取了OH^*和CH^*的化学发光图像,对甲烷/空气层流和湍流预混火焰的化学发光特性进行了研究,并利用分布高度、峰值位置、强反应区占比、峰值等参数对不同速度和当量比时的OH^*和CH^*进行表征。结果表明,层流时OH^*和CH^*的分布明显不同,而湍流的混合作用导致二者的分布范围趋向一致。随着当量比增大,不同速度下OH^*和CH^*的分布高度都呈单调递增趋势,但湍流的增长趋势要相对平缓;峰值位置的变化趋势与分布高度几乎一致,间接表明OH^*和CH^*的主导生成反应不变。强反应区占比在层流和湍流状态下的表现完全相反:从贫燃到富燃,层流中由大于0.1降低到0.05以下,而湍流中则由0.05上升到0.1以上,表明湍流对贫燃时的燃烧反应起抑制作用,在富燃时反而起促进作用。另外, OH^*和CH^*的峰值变化可以对火焰的流动状态进行判断,且CH^*尤为明显:随当量比增加,如果峰值先升后降,则可以认为火焰为层流状态;如果峰值单调递增,则是湍流状态。以速度和当量比为自变量,以OH^*和CH^*的峰值比为因变量,提出了不同速度条件下利用化学发光对当量比进行定量表征的统一关系式,解决了不同速度时需要分别进行拟合的问题,对后续的化学发光燃烧诊断研究具有重要意义。     

n-n* oscillations in models with large extra dimensions

We analyze n-n* oscillations in generic models with large extra dimensions in which standard-model fields propagate and fermion wave functions have strong localization. We find that in these models n-n* oscillations might occur at levels not too far below the current limit.     

Smectic-A*-smectic-C* transition in a ferroelectric liquid crystal without smectic layer shrinkage

The smectic layer spacing of a nonfluorinated ferroelectric liquid crystal (FLC) compound with almost no shrinkage and only minor tendency to form zigzag defects was characterized by small angle x-ray diffraction. The material lacks a nematic phase. The smectic-A*-smectic-C* phase transition was studied by measuring the thermal and electric field response of the optical tilt and the electric polarization. These properties are described very well by a Landau expansion even without introduction of a higher-order Theta(6) term. This result suggests a pure second-order phase transition far from tricriticality and differs considerably from the typical behavior of the A*-C* transition in most FLC materials.     

Optical characteristics of plasma of I*<Subscript>2</Subscript>, Cl*<Subscript>2</Subscript>, Br*<Subscript>2</Subscript> halogen dimer barrier-discharge excilamps

Barrier-discharge excilamps operating in homonuclear chlorine, bromine, and iodine and their mixtures with inert gases have been studied. The spectral and energy characteristics of the barrier-discharge plasma have been obtained. The conditions have been determined at which the band D′ → A′ predominates in the spectra of molecules I*₂ (342 nm), Cl*₂ (257.8 nm), and Br*₂ (291 nm). The efficiencies of I₂, Cl₂, and Br₂ excilamps were found to be 1.6, 2, and 3.8%.     

T2* measurements in human brain at 1.5, 3 and 7 T

Measurements have been carried out in six subjects at magnetic fields of 1.5, 3 and 7 T, with the aim of characterizing the variation of T2* with field strength in human brain. Accurate measurement of T2* in the presence of macroscopic magnetic field inhomogeneity is problematic due to signal decay resulting from through-slice dephasing. The approach employed here allowed the signal decay due to through-slice dephasing to be characterized and removed from data, thus facilitating an accurate measurement of T2* even at ultrahigh field. Using double inversion recovery turbo spin-echo images for tissue classification, an analysis of T2* relaxation times in cortical grey matter and white matter was carried out, along with an evaluation of the variation of T2* with field strength in the caudate nucleus and putamen. The results show an approximately linear increase in relaxation rate R2* with field strength for all tissues, leading to a greater range of relaxation times across tissue types at 7 T that can be exploited in high-resolution T2*-weighted imaging.     

B* production in Z0 decays

The process B*→Bγ has been observed in a sample of approximately 4.1 million hadronic Z⁰ decays collected by the OPAL detector at LEP in the years 1991–1995. Inclusively reconstructed B mesons have been combined with converted photons to reconstruct approximately 1900 B* mesons. The B*–B mass difference is found to be ΔM(B* ?B) = 46.2 ± 0.3 ± 0.8 MeV/c ², and the rate of B* meson production relative to that of B mesons is found to be σ _B*/σ _B = 0.760 ± 0.036 ± 0.083, where the first errors are statistical and the second systematic. The angular distribution of the transition photon in the B* rest frame has been measured and the relative contribution of longitudinal B* polarization states found to be σ _l/(σ _l + σ _t ) = 0.36 ± 0.06 ± 0.07, consistent with a simple spin counting picture. These results average over B⁰, B± and B _s ⁰ mesons.