谐振子势阱中两分量旋转自旋轨道耦合BEC的基态

本文研究了囚禁于谐振子势阱中的两分量旋转自旋轨道耦合玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)的基态性质和自旋纹理。我们首先通过托马斯费米近似得到了凝聚体出现不同分布的临界条件,然后利用虚时演化方法和向前向后欧拉傅里叶赝谱法在数值上进行了模拟,最后将数值模拟的结果与解析近似的结果对比,发现两者是相吻合的。在本研究中,我们发现了条纹结构这一新奇的基态结构,并且发现旋转角频率不能大于谐振子势的约束频率,如果超过约束频率,系统将因受到强烈的离心力作用而散落。这些新的发现将会为在实验上实现两组分自旋轨道耦合BEC有一定的指导意义。     

谐振子势阱中两分量旋转的自旋轨道耦合BEC的基态

本文研究了囚禁于谐振子势阱中的两分量旋转自旋轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体(BEC)的基态性质和自旋纹理。我们首先通过托马斯-费米近似得到了凝聚体出现不同分布的临界条件,然后利用虚时演化方法和向前向后欧拉傅里叶赝谱法在数值上进行了模拟,最后将数值模拟的结果与解析近似的结果对比,发现两者是相吻合的。在本研究中,我们发现了条纹结构这一新奇的基态结构,并且发现旋转角频率不能大于谐振子势的约束频率,如果超过约束频率,系统将因受到强烈的离心力作用而散落。这些新的发现将会为在实验上实现两组分自旋轨道耦合BEC有一定的指导意义。     

环形势阱中旋转玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态

应用托马斯-费米近似和虚时演化数值方法研究环形势阱中旋转玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态密度分布.当增加其旋转角频率,或者增加环形势阱的宽度及相应的中心高度,凝聚体基态密度分布均从涡旋晶格相转变为巨涡旋相.当旋转角频率为零时,增加环形势阱的宽度及相应的中心高度,凝聚体基态密度分布从一个圆盘变为圆环.解析结果与数值结果相互吻合.     

用F-G-H方法研究玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体基态性质

用F-G-H方法数值求解描述BEC凝聚体的非线性薛定谔方程-Gross-Pitaevskii方程.研究总粒子数、粒子间相互作用、谐振频率和一般幂指数外势对玻色凝聚体粒子数密度分布、基态能量的影响.结果表明,增大幂指数外势、谐振频率,降低粒子间的排斥作用会增加凝聚体中心的粒子数密度、缩小凝聚体半径;增大总粒子数、谐振频率、粒子间的排斥作用和幂指数外势的指数会增大体系的基态能量;随着总粒子数增大,数值结果与托马斯-费米近似结果渐趋一致,托马斯-费米近似在大粒子数条件下是一种较好的近似方法,在粒子数有限时,结果与真实情形偏差较大,应采用数值解法.     

简谐+四次势中自旋轨道耦合旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构

研究了囚禁于简谐+四次势中具有自旋轨道耦合相互作用的旋转玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构; 考虑了自旋轨道耦合相互作用和旋转对基态结构的影响; 结果发现在自旋轨道耦合相互作用与旋转共同作用下, 系统呈现出丰富且新奇的基态结构, 如条形、双排和蛇皮花斑状等.     

谐振子势与高斯势的联合势阱中玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的涡旋结构

本文用虚时演化法研究了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在谐振子势与高斯势的联合势阱中的涡旋结构,给出了旋转角频率和原子间相互作用强度对涡旋分布的影响,以及对凝聚体中量子化涡旋、鬼涡旋以及隐涡旋分布的不同作用。在联合势阱中凝聚体除了量子化涡旋和鬼涡旋外,在势阱中心位置还出现了隐涡旋。当相互作用强度一定时,可见涡旋数和隐涡旋数随着旋转角频率的增大而增加。当旋转角频率一定时,随着原子间相互作用逐渐增强,可见涡旋数随之增加,而隐涡旋数并没有改变。我们分析发现,只有考虑了隐涡旋之后,才能满足费曼规则。     

谐振子势与高斯势联合势阱中玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体的巨涡旋态

研究谐振子势与高斯势联合势阱中玻色爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态。发现凝聚体形成巨涡旋时,其涡旋个数等于平均角动量,且凝聚体密度分布和角动量密度分布相同,进而得到凝聚体形成巨涡旋时所处基态是角动量的本征态。发现势阱从各向同性的环形势阱逐渐变为各向异性的环形势阱的过程中,凝聚体的平均角动量与涡旋个数之比先由1平缓下降,然后迅速下降,最后保持在0.5附近。同时给出凝聚体密度分布和角动量分布的特征,并作出相应解释。     

原子吸收成像的二维光学密度分布获得量子简并费米气体参数

从费米原子俘获在谐振势中出发,采用托马斯-费米的半经典近似(Thomas-Fermi approximation),计算了自旋极化费米子的空间分布函数,对费米原子吸收成像的光学密度分布进行拟合,分析得到粒子数,费米温度和实际温度。采用这种方法,对实验中获得的~(40)K费米原子吸收成像的光学密度分布进行拟合,得到了费米气体量子简并参数T/T_F。     

六极子磁场中自旋轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构

研究囚禁在环形势中的Rashba自旋轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体在六极子磁场中的基态特性。在这种情况下,磁场破坏了自旋轨道耦合哈密顿量的旋转对称性,但系统仍具有2π/3的离散对称性。数值结果发现:在弱相互作用情况下,六极子磁场和Rashba自旋轨道耦合使环形囚禁的凝聚体呈类六边形的基态密度分布,当磁场强度超过某一临界值时,凝聚体将崩塌;在强相互作用情况下,半量子涡旋出现在凝聚体中,且被六极子磁场钉在方位角Ф=nπ/3的径向位置,涡旋的旋转方向取决于径向磁场的方向。     

共心双环外势中两分量偶极玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构研究

利用虚时演化方法研究了共心双环外势中具有偶极-偶极相互作用的两分量玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的基态结构, 探索了接触相互作用和长程各向异性的偶极-偶极相互作用对系统基态的影响. 研究发现, 偶极-偶极相互作用作为系统的又一调控参数, 可用于得到系统的不同的基态相, 并用于控制不同基态相间的转化.     

Theoretical analysis and simulation of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO system in lidar

A multi-conjugate adaptive optics （MCAO） can offer a possibility of widening field of view （FOV） characterized by the isoplanatic angle, and the choose of conjugate height becomes a basic problem for MCAO, which influences the size of iosplanatic angle. Considering the application of lidar, the isoplanatic angle＇s expressions of two deformable mirrors （DMs） MCAO for uplink and downlink are deduced. The effects of conjugate heights for dual-conjugate AO are thoughtfully discussed, and the isoplanatic angles are further analyzed. The results show that the isopanatic angle varies with the conjugate height and reaches the maximum as the conjugate height is at the optimal altitude. Moreover, the optimal conjugate height changes with the propagation distance.     

Quick single-photon detector with many avalanche photo diodes working on the time division

Due to the limit of response speed of the present single-photon detector, the code rate is still too low to come into practical use for the present quantum key distribution (QKD) system.A new idea is put up to design a quick single-photon detector.This quick single-photon detector is composed of a multi-port optic-fiber splitter and many avalanche photo diodes (APDs).Au of the ports with APDs work on the time division and cooperate with a logic discriminating and deciding unit driven by the clock signal.The operation frequency lies on the number N of ports, and can reach N times of the conventional single-photon detector.The single-photon prompt detection can come true for high repetition-rate pulses.The applying of this detector will largely raise the code rate of the QKD, and boost the commercial use.     

Characterization of PolyA and PolyC mismatches by Raman spectroscopy

A.C mismatches are studied by Raman spectral characterization of PolyA, PolyC, and their equimolar complex in solution of 0.14 mol/L Na ,pH7.0.Experimental results show that A·C mismatches occur to be A/B (mainly A) conformers, and unlike Watson-Crick base pairing, this kind of mismatches is stabilized by only one hydrogen bond involving cytosine N4H2 and adenine N7.The formation of A·C complex makes the base stacking interactions much stronger, and conformation of the backbone more ordered, which leads to obvious Raman hypochromic effect with some shifts in corresponding bands.     

Improvement of four-wave mixing-based wavelength conversion efficiency in dispersion shifted fiber by 40-GHz clock pumping

40-GHz clock modulated signal as a pump to improve the efficiency of four-wave mixing (FWM)-based wavelength conversion in a 26.5-km dispersion shifted fiber (DSF) is investigated. The experimental results demonstrate that the conjugated FWM component has higher intensity with the clock pumping than that with the continuous-wave (CW) light pumping. The improvement of FWM-based wavelength conversion efficiency is negligible when the pump power is less than Brillouin threshold. But when the pump power is greater than Brillouin threshold, the improvement becomes significant and increases with the increment of pump power. The improvement can increase up to 9 dB if pump power reaches 17 dBm.     

Multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser

Our experimental results show that the presence of a proper amount of negative group velocity dispersion is essential to multi-pulse operation of a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser. We demonstrate that the pulse separations and the number of pulses contained within a cavity round trip are strongly dependent on the initial perturbations. The results allow us to get a better understanding on the influences of the convoluted self-phase modulation and intra-cavity dispersions on the stable multi-pulse oscillation in a Kerr-lens mode-locked femtosecond laser.     

Propagation of Helmholtz-Gauss beams in weak turbulent atmosphere

Based on the Rytov approximation of light propagation in weak turbulent atmosphere,the closed-form expressions of field and average irradiance of each one of the four fundamental families of Helmholtz-Gauss (HzG)beams:cosine-Gauss beams,stationary Mathieu-Gauss beams,stationary parabolic-Gauss beams,and Bessel-Gauss beams,which are propagating in weak turbulent atmosphere,are obtained.The results show that the field and average irradiance can be written as the product of four factors:complex amplitude depending on the z-coordinate only,a Ganssian beam.a factor of complex phase perturbation induced by atmospheric turbulence,and a complex scaled version of the transverse shape of the non-diffracting beam.The effect of weak atmospheric turbulence on irradiance distribution of the HzG beam can be ignored.     

An effective method for reducing speckle noise in digital holography

An effective method for reducing the speckle noise in digital holography is proposed in this paper.Different from the methods based on classical filtering technique,it utilizes the multiple holograms which are generated by rotating the illuminating light continuously.The intensity images reconstructed by a series of holograms generated by rotating the illuminating light possess different speckle patterns.Hence by properly averaging the reconstructed intensity fields,the speckle noises can be reduced greatly.Experimental results show that the proposed method is simple and effective to reduce speckle noise in digital holography.     

Influence of purity of HfO2 on reflectance of ultraviolet multilayer

The impurities in two kinds of HfO2 materials and in their corresponding single layer thin films were determined through glow discharge mass spectrum technology and secondary ion mass spectrometry(SIMS) equipment respectively.It was found that ZrO2 was the main impurity in the two kinds of HfO2 either in the original HfO2 materials or in the electron beam deposited films.In addition,the difference of Zr content in the two kinds of HfO2 single laver films was much laxger than that of the other impurities such as Ti and Fe.which showed that it was just ZrO2 that made the difference between the optical performance of the film products including the two kinds of HfO2.With these two kinds of HfO2 and the same kind of SiO2.we deposited HfO2/SiO2 multilayer reflective coatings at the wavelength of 266 nm.Experimental results showed that the reflectances of these two mirrors were about 99.85% and 99.15% respectively,which agreed well with the designed results what were based on the optical constants obtained from the corresponding single layer thin films.     

Speech enhancement by array crosstalk resistant ANC and spectrum subtraction

Microphone array-based speech enhancement has great importance for speech communications and speech recognition. To reduce the aperture of the microphone array and to increase the effect of the speech enhancement will greatly broaden the application areas of the microphone array. An array crosstalk resistant adaptive noise cancellation method is therefore presented. And then an improved spectral subtraction algorithm is further cascaded to obtain better enhancement results. Theoretic analysis and experiments indicate that the proposed scheme needs only a very small microphone array while it simultaneously achieves a higher SNR improvement. Besides, the proposed scheme can be used in many noisy environments and is easy for real-time implementation.