强度涨落在热光鬼成像中的作用

热光鬼成像的图像质量在实际应用中具有重要作用. 通过理论分析和数值模拟, 发现光场的强度涨落程度会影响热光鬼成像的对比度, 基于此, 提出可以通过调节热光场的平均强度和强度波动的方差来提高成像对比度, 并且研究了这一方法对成像信噪比的影响. 将这种方法与另一种提高成像对比度的方法——高阶鬼成像进行了对比, 所得结果将有助于提高对热光鬼成像的理解. 关键词： 鬼成像 强度涨落 对比度 信噪比     

部分相干X光傅里叶变换鬼成像研究

鬼成像中通常是采用相干光辐照散射屏获取赝热光源,但是在X光波段,赝热光源的入射光为部分相干光,其空间部分相干性会对成像质量产生较大影响。采用高斯谢尔模型,理论分析了入射光的部分相干性对赝热X光二阶关联函数的影响,同时给出了基于统计光学的模拟结果,与理论结果吻合,均表明X光空间相干性会影响鬼成像的可见度和分辨率。在空间相干性有限的情况下,通过在散射屏前置尺寸与X光横向相干尺寸相当的针孔可以抑制部分相干性的影响,提高X光傅里叶变换鬼成像的可见度,将有利于实现X光傅里叶变换鬼成像技术的广泛应用。     

基于统计光学的正负热光非定域成像

本文, 基于经典统计光学, 建立符合热光特性的统计模型, 通过数值模拟证明了吴令安和Meyers提出的图像重构算法, 并进行了定性的理论分析. 在关联成像获得的数据样本中, 根据桶探测器的光强涨落进行分组, 分别以某个阈值作为下限和上限, 再将分组后的独立样本和相应的面探测器信号进行强度关联, 则可以得到物体的正像或负像. 然而, 不经过关联运算, 直接对分组后的面探测器信号进行算数平均也可以得到物体的正像或负像, 同时成像的对比度得到较大提高. 这种分组对应的非定域成像进一步说明强度涨落在热光成像中的重要性. 最后以字符掩膜版作为成像物体, 分别运用关联成像和分组对应正负成像算法重构物体的图像, 实验结果证明这种新的正负算法可以提高非定域成像的对比度. 关键词： 统计光学 热光 关联成像 正负非定域成像     

基于光场重构的空间三维显示技术

真实空间三维显示可以通过精确再现三维物体的空间光场分布来实现.依据三维景物空间光场分布特性,提出并介绍基于光场重构的真实空间三维场景显示的基本原理与方法.实验表明,利用光场重构原理,可以运用现有的光学空间光调制器构造出比全息再现更为优越的真实三维显示.     

实验研究探测器大小与散焦长度对无透镜鬼衍射的影响

无透镜鬼衍射是一种特殊的非局域关联成像技术,通过对包含物体信息的测试光路和不含物体信息的参考光路的光场强度涨落关联进行测量,在参考光路上可得到物体的衍射图样。利用赝热光源实验研究了探测器尺寸大小和光路散焦长度对无透镜鬼衍射质量的影响。实验以四缝物体为例,定量研究了探测器大小和散焦是如何改变无透镜鬼衍射的成像结果,并和理论模拟进行了比较,获得了比较一致的结果。利用图像相关度定量分析了实验结果与理想无透镜鬼衍射图像的差别,发现这两者都会使无透镜鬼衍射的质量变差。     

在多媒体教室中实现热光鬼成像

"鬼"成像,又称关联成像或者量子成像,是一种基于参考光场与目标探测光场之间的关联函数的一种新型成像技术.本文利用负片成像方法在多媒体教室中实现了热光鬼成像.研究发现,采用此成像方法对系统硬件要求较低.其中对光源亮度的要求可以降低4倍左右,即使当投影仪亮度为1 200 lm、背景亮度为450 lm时也可以得到较清晰的图像,绝大多数多媒体教室可实现这一条件.本研究不仅可以将量子光学中最前沿的研究成果作为演示实验引入课堂,激发学生的学习兴趣,还可以促进鬼成像走出实验室,扩展其实际应用.     

放疗3D剂量验证系统中光场相机点扩散函数获取

基于闪烁光场成像的放疗新型3D剂量测量中,需利用点扩散函数将每一个二维平面的真实闪烁光数据从重叠图像中提取出来。利用刀口法,结合光场数字重聚焦以及聚焦测距法,实验获取光场相机不同重聚焦位置处的点扩散函数,并给出棋盘格标定板在参数α=0.6时的重聚焦面聚焦在α=0.7位置处的高斯离焦点扩散函数表达式,研究光场相机点扩散函数的规律,通过测量几个必要值便可由函数拟合得到所有点扩散函数,减少光学分层成像中因分层数量增加引起的标定工作量。将结果引入图像处理,通过反卷积运算可获得每一个二维重聚焦面的真实闪烁光数据,有助于3D剂量的实时精确测量。     

基于运动轨迹可调式随机相位板的赝热光鬼成像实验研究

为了保证采样的独立性,目前基于随机相位板的赝热光鬼成像系统是以每次移动不小于一个激光光斑大小进行相位调制的形式来产生高亮度的赝热光源。通过旋转、平移两台电机控制随机相位板的运动轨迹,搭建了一种运动轨迹可调的随机相位板赝热光鬼成像实验平台。基于差分鬼成像和稀疏约束鬼成像重构算法,从实验角度对比分析了随机相位板的偏移量Δx对赝热光鬼成像质量的影响。数值模拟和实验结果均表明,在相同的采样压缩比下,当随机相位板的偏移量Δx不大于物面处的散斑大小Δxs时,成像质量随着Δx的增大而提高;而当Δx大于Δxs时,随着Δx的增大,成像质量几乎不变。此外,稀疏约束鬼成像质量优于相同采样数下的差分鬼成像质量。     

探测器大小与散焦对无透镜鬼衍射的影响

近年来,基于热光场的鬼成像在理论和实验上得到了广泛的关注。研究了探测器尺寸大小以及探测光路距离不相等(即散焦)对无透镜鬼衍射成像的影响。在以前的理论工作基础上,对无透镜鬼衍射成像的强度关联函数做了进一步的分析,发现散焦的效果相当于使物体的透射函数在相位上有一个啁啾调制,而有限大小的探测器则使得无透镜鬼衍射系统等价于一个部分相干成像系统,两者都会引起成像质量的降低。通过计算不同条件下的成像相关度,定量分析了不同参数下的无透镜鬼衍射的成像质量,为具体的实验设计提供定量的帮助。     

四组份不同频率连续变量纠缠态光场的产生

量子纠缠态是开展量子信息工作的核心资源。提出在一块光学超晶格中通过有注入信号的非简并光学参量振荡级联一个和频过程,可以产生不同频率的四组份连续变量纠缠态光场的可行实验方案。首先泵浦光和注入信号光通过差频过程产生闲置光。然后泵浦光和闲置光在同一块光学超晶格中通过级联和频过程产生和频光。根据多组份连续变量纠缠的判定方法,从理论上证明泵浦光、信号光、闲置光与和频光场之间的量子纠缠特性。四组份纠缠特性随泵浦功率的增大而减弱,另外选取较大的注入信号功率、级联非线性过程的耦合参数和泵浦光衰减常数可以得到较好的四组份纠缠光场。该实验方案只用到一块光学超晶格就可以产生四色连续变量纠缠态光场,实验装置简单。     

基于反射型物体的高阶非相干热光源关联成像性能研究

现有基于热光源的关联成像主要是针对透射型物体,这样可简化关联成像分析过程。然而对于成像的实际应用,比如遥感技术,反射型物体将具有更大的实用价值。基于非相干均亮的热光源,对反射型物体的高阶关联成像进行了研究,推导出其高阶反射关联成像的关联函数、可见度及信噪比的解析式;对比二阶反射关联成像,讨论阶数对关联成像性能的影响。研究结果表明,对于反射型物体的关联成像,随着阶数的增加,成像的可见度得到提高,但信噪比下降,同时能够通过增加测量次数增加成像的信噪比。     

Effects of light intensity on reflective ghost imaging

In this letter, we analyze the effects of light intensity find that the brightness of reflective ghost image can on reflective ghost imaging with thermal source. We be changed by modulating the light intensity of the source and the splitting ratio of the beam splitter. The signal-to-noise ratio will be improved by increa.sing the light intensity of the source. More important, we can obtain the reflective ghost image with high image quality by adopting a low light intensity signal beam and a high light intensity reference beam, which is better than the classical optical imaging, because it can reduce the effects of light on the object.     

The noise analysis of ghost imaging in transparent liquid

Ghost imaging with a fully spatially incoherent source in transparent liquid is investigated theoretically and numerically. The effects of water depth, refractive index of media and object position on noise property of ghost imaging in transparent liquid are studied by using classical optical theory. Based on simulation results, we find that for different media, ghost imaging with high quality can be obtained by selecting appropriate water depth and object position which may be helpful for underwater ghost imaging.     

Quantum crossing symmetry as heart of ghost imaging

In this paper it is proved that the keys to understanding the ghost imaging are the crossing symmetric (CS) photon reactions in the nonlinear media. So CS introduced a real optical path between the object and his “ghost” image, making possible to apply the geometric optics for a rigorous proof of the essential laws of the “ghost” imaging phenomena. Hence, the laws of the plane quantum mirror (QM) and that of spherical quantum mirror, observed in the ghost-imaging experiments, are shown that can be obtained as natural consequences of the energy-momentum conservation laws. So, it is proved that the ghost imaging laws depend only on the energy-momentum conservation and not on the photons entanglement. Using DFG-typical features we obtained explicit predictions of the intensities of the idler photons in terms of the intensities of the interacting photon-(p and s)-beams in the nonlinear crystal. Two fundamental experiments for a decisive test of the [SPDC-DFG]-quantum mirrors are suggested.     

Diffuse-reflection ghost imaging from a double-strip illuminated by pseudo-thermal light

We report the ghost-image reconstruction of a diffuse-reflecting object consisting of two strips of non-glossy aluminum foil separated by an absorbing band. The physics of the experiment is basically the same as that of the toy-soldier reconstruction published by Shih et al.; but the greater simplicity of the double-strip allows to perform numerical simulations in which the relevant parameters can be varied in a wide range. The theoretical analysis is based on classical optics and predicts results in agreement with experiments; it adds support to the view that thermal light ghost imaging, based on diffuse reflection, belongs to a class of experiments interpretable in terms of signal processing applied to classical optics.     

Visibility enhancement in two-dimensional lensless ghost imaging with true thermal light

We report an experimental demonstration of two-dimensional(2D) lensless ghost imaging with true thermal light. An electrodeless discharge lamp with a higher light intensity than the hollow cathode lamp used before is employed as a light source. The main problem encountered by the 2D lensless ghost imaging with true thermal light is that its coherence time is much shorter than the resolution time of the detection system. To overcome this difficulty we derive a method based on the relationship between the true and measured values of the second-order optical intensity correlation, by which means the visibility of the ghost image can be dramatically enhanced. This method would also be suitable for ghost imaging with natural sunlight.     

Novel Ghost Imaging Method for a Pure Phase Object

We propose a novel ghost imaging scheme which is especially served to a pure phase object. A spatially incoherent beam is mixed with a coherent beam of the same frequency field by a beamsplitter. Then we perform the ghost imaging scheme using the mixed beam. Our theoretical result shows that this approach is capable of reconstructing a pure phase object in joint-intensity measurement. The visibility of the images is also analysed for two pure phase objects, an optical wedge and a phase grating.     

Incoherent coincidence imaging and its applicability in X-ray diffraction

Entangled-photon coincidence imaging is a method to nonlocally image an object by transmitting a pair of entangled photons through the object and a reference optical system, respectively. The image of the object can be extracted from the coincidence rate of these two photons. From a classical perspective, the image is proportional to the fourth-order correlation function of the wave field. Using classical statistical optics, we study a particular aspect of coincidence imaging with incoherent sources. As an application, we give a proposal to realize lensless Fourier-transform imaging, and discuss its applicability in x-ray diffraction.     

基于光场一阶关联的时域成像

与通常利用二阶强度关联测量实现时域鬼成像不同,本文利用时域热光源借助干涉仪通过一阶关联实现时域成像.基于空域光束的近轴衍射和时域窄带脉冲在色散介质中色散之间的空间-时间二象性,在时域脉冲响应函数的基础上得到了表征一阶关联时域成像的强度表达式,分析研究了光源脉冲宽度和相干时间对成像可见度和分辨率的影响.结果一方面表明基于热光场一阶关联的时域成像在不需要额外色散补偿或消除条件下可以实现时域物体信号的再现,另一方面表明当光源脉冲宽度一定时,成像可见度随光源脉冲相干时间的增加而增加,但是成像分辨率逐渐降低,其中当光源脉冲宽度约为100 ps,相干时间约为0.5 ps时,间隔为20 ps,宽度为8 ps的时域矩形波型物体的成像质量(兼顾可见度和分辨率)较好.该结果对于基于热光一阶关联的时域成像在时序信号测量中的应用具有重要意义.     

Lensless ghost imaging through the strongly scattering medium

Lensless ghost imaging has attracted much interest in recent years due to its profound physics and potential applications. In this paper we report studies of the robust properties of the lensless ghost imaging system with a pseudo-thermal light source in a strongly scattering medium. The effects of the positions of the strong medium on the ghost imaging are investigated. In the lensless ghost imaging system, a pseudo-thermal light is split into two correlated beams by a beam splitter. One beam goes to a charge-coupled detector camera, labeled as CCD2. The other beam goes to an object and then is collected in another charge-coupled detector camera, labeled as CCD1, which serves as a bucket detector. When the strong medium, a pane of ground glass disk, is placed between the object and CCD1, the bucket detector, the quality of ghost imaging is barely affected and a good image could still be obtained. The quality of the ghost imaging can also be maintained, even when the ground glass is rotating, which is the strongest scattering medium so far. However, when the strongly scattering medium is present in the optical path from the light source to CCD2 or the object, the lensless ghost imaging system hardly retrieves the image of the object. A theoretical analysis in terms of the second-order correlation function is also provided.