Luminol-Cu(Ⅱ)体系流动注射化学发光法测定维生素B2

发现了Luminol-Cu(Ⅱ)-维生素B2化学发光体系,探讨了影响化学发光反应的各个因素,建立了测定维生素B2的流动注射化学发光新方法.该方法的线性范围为2.0×10-8-2.0×10-6g/mL,检出限为8×10-9g/mL,相对标准偏差为2.3%(2.0×10-7g/mL,n=11).该方法已用于药物制剂中维生素...     

丙酮和乙醇双水相萃取、荧光法测定痕量维生素B2

诸如乙醇、丙酮和乙腈等水溶性小分子有机溶剂在盐的作用下能够形成双水相体系用于目标物质的萃取.正是基于此,提出了丙酮-盐-水和乙醇-盐-水体系双水相萃取、荧光测定痕量维生素B2的新方法.研究了盐和有机溶剂种类及用量、萃取时间、共存物和酸度等的影响.发现,丙酮-(NH4)2SO4-H2O和乙醇-(NH4)2SO4-H2O体系对维生素B2的一次性萃取率分别为97.6%～98.4%和94.2%～95.5%;在最适条件下,两种体系测定维生素B2的线性范围分别为1.5×10-7～3.5×10-6 mol·L-1和2.0×10-7～1.5×10-6mol·L-1,检出限分别为0.031和0.041 μg.该方法已成功用于片剂和注射液中维生素B2的测定,相对标准偏差1.5%～2.2%,与中国药典方法对照,相对误差-1.8%～1.1%.与传统的液-液萃取和固相萃取比较,本方法具有操作简便、萃取率高、干扰小、低毒等显著特点.     

流动注射化学发光分析法测定蒽醌类药物

基于蒽醌类药物在碱性条件下对高碘酸钾-鲁米诺化学发光体系的化学发光信号有强烈的抑制作用这一现象,结合流动注射技术建立了一种直接测定蒽醌类药物的流动注射化学发光分析新方法。该方法测定大黄素的线性范围为1.0×10-8—3.0×10-7g/mL,检出限为2×10-9g/mL;测定大黄酸的线性范围为7.0×10-8—3.0×10-6g/mL,检出限为2×10-8g/mL;测定大黄素甲醚的线性范围为1.0×10-9—5.0×10-8g/mL,检出限为3×10-10g/mL。该方法操作简单快速、灵敏度高,可用于样品中蒽醌类药物含量的准确测定。     

K(5P)与H_2的反应碰撞和电子-振动能量转移

K(5P)与H2反应生成KH(v″=0-3)振动态,测量了各振动态的转动分布,转动玻尔兹曼温度为455K,而振动温度为1604K,这个接近池温的转动温度和很高的振动温度是共线碰撞机制的有力证据.利用高分辨率瞬时吸收技术得到各振动能级上转动态的布居分布,从而得到反应碰撞转移速率系数,对于v″=0、1、2、3,分别为(3.45±0.86)×10-13、(1.35±0.34)×10-13、(6.28±1.57)×10-14和(2.35±0.59)×10-14cm3s-1.同时研究了K(5P)-H2的电子-振动能量转移,利用相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)探测H2的振动态分布.扫描CARS谱发现v=1、2、3上有布居.由CARS峰值得到H2(0,1)、(1,1)、(2,1)、(3,1)和(3,3)布居之比.H2(0,1)布居由450K的转动分布得到,因而得到(1,1)、(2,1)、(3,1)和(3,3)态的布居,从而获得K(5P)-H2(1,1)、(2,1)、(3,1)和(3,3)的电子-振转速率系数分别是(1.1±0.3)×10-13、(9.3±2.5)×10-14、(4.2±1.1)×10-14和(3.8±1.0)×10-14cm3s-1.     

流动注射化学发光快速测定空气中甲醛

基于甲醛对Luminol-H2O2化学发光体系的增敏作用,建立了快速、简便、灵敏度高的流动注射-化学发光测定甲醛的新方法.测定甲醛的线性范围:0.1×10-12-10.0×10-12mol·L-1;检出限:0.03×10-12mol·L-1(3σ),RSD小于3%(n=5).本法成功的测定了空气和血清中甲醛的含量,采用标准加入法,回收率为94.28%-113.20%.     

吖啶橙-罗丹明6G能量转移荧光猝灭法测定维生素B12

研究了吖啶橙(AO)与罗丹明6G(R6G)间发生能量转移的最佳条件,在pH5·0的Na2HPO4-柠檬酸缓冲溶液,十二烷基苯磺酸钠介质中,AO-R6G间发生有效能量转移,使R6G荧光大大增强。维生素B12(VB12)的加入使AO-R6G体系的荧光猝灭,以此建立了利用AO-R6G能量转移荧光猝灭法测定维生素B12的新方法。在优化的实验条件下,维生素B12工作曲线的线性范围为:0~3·0×10-5mol·L-1;检出限为:4·8×10-7mol·L-1;平行6次测定相对标准偏差为0·51%~0·64%;回收率为98·40%~103·62%。该方法的稳定性好,选择性高,用于维生素B12注射液中维生素B12含量的测定,结果满意。     

高压消解-双道氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法同时测定苦丁茶原植物中的砷和汞

采用HNO3/H2SO4预消解、HNO3/H2O2高压消解,硫脲-抗坏血酸预还原等手段,建立了高压消解-双道氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱同时测定苦丁茶原植物中砷和汞含量的分析方法。讨论并优化了分析测定条件,结果表明,砷和汞的线性范围分别为1.0×10-3—11.0×10-3mg.L-1和1.0×10-4—10.0×10-4mg.L-1,相关系数r分别为0.9986、0.9970,检出限分别是4.73×10-5mg.L-1和8.70×10-6mg.L-1;相对标准偏差(n=6)砷不大于4.25%,汞不大于4.92%。应用于5种苦丁茶原植物砷和汞含量的测定,该方法操作性强、用时短、灵敏度高。     

K(4P_J)-N_2,He碰撞转移及猝灭截面的测量

利用770nm脉冲激光激发基态K原子到K(4P1/2)态,在样品池中,利用原子荧光光谱方法,测量了K(4PJ)和N2、He碰撞的精细结构转移截面和碰撞猝灭截面。在不同N2、He气体密度下,通过对4P1/2→4S1/2共振荧光与4P3/2→4S1/2转移荧光的时间积分荧光强度进行测量,得到其荧光强度比与N2、He密度成线性关系。从荧光强度比R与(Nv)-1线性关系图中的直线斜率可以得到4P1/2→4P3/2转移截面为(2.77±0.69)×10-15cm2和4P3/2→4P1/2的碰撞转移截面为(1.62±0.41)×10-15cm2,从直线的截距计算出K(4P3/2)与N2、He的碰撞猝灭截面为(0.40±0.12)×10-15cm2和(0.60±0.18)×10-16cm2。     

高位K2(1Λg) 与基态原子的碰撞转移

在K原子密度约为0.5～5×1016cm-3的样品池中,脉冲激光710 nm线双光子激发K2基态到高位1Λg态,研究了K2(1Λg)+ K(4S)碰撞转移过程.K原子密度由测量KD2线蓝翼对白光的吸收得到.测量不同K密度下1Λg态发射的时间分辨荧光强度,它是一条指数衰减曲线,由此得到1Λg态的有效寿命,从描绘出的有效寿命倒数与K原子密度关系直线的斜率得到1Λg态总的碰撞猝灭截面为(2.1±0.2)×10-14cm2,从截距得到的辐射寿命为(22±2)ns.测量了K的6S →4P3/2和4D→4P3/2在不同K密度下的时间积分荧光强度,得到了K2(1Λg)+K→K2(11∑ +g)+K(6S,4D)碰撞转移截面为(1.5±0.3)×10-15cm2(对转移到6S)和(8.5±3.0)×10-15cm2(对转移到4D).     

一种新的测定诺氟沙星的化学发光分析法

基于在碱性条件下,诺氟沙星(NFLX)对鲁米诺-过氧化氢(Luminol-H2O2)化学发光体系的化学发光信号有强烈的抑制作用,建立了一种简单、快速、可连续测定诺氟沙星的流动注射化学发光分析新方法.该方法线性范围为7.0×10-8-1.0×10-6mol/L,检出限(3σ)为1×10-8mol/L,对3.0×10-7m...     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Hybrid Wavelength and Code Division Multiple Access in Optical Networks

A review of schemes for multiple access in fiber optic networks shows that a hybrid of wavelength and code division multiple access (WCDMA) combines the best features of both. In particular, the hybrid scheme retains the large information carrying capacity of wavelength division multiple access (WDMA) and flexibility of code division multiple access (CDMA). In this paper WDMA, optical CDMA (OCDMA), and WCDMA networks are discussed. In OCDMA networks, concept of incoherent and coherent coding including inverse decoding and matched filter is introduced. The delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks, under the simple suboptimum access protocols based on cyclic search, is computed. It has been shown quantitatively that tuning delay significantly affects the delay performance of both WDMA and WCDMA networks. Futhermore, delay performance of WCDMA networks is always better than the WDMA networks for the same tuning delay, load, and number of users.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Research on beamforming method for dual-line array with space mismatch between the two line arrays

The performance of port/starboard discrimination of dual-line array will be seriously degraded when the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. The directivity function of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is deduced and the port/starboard discrimination of the delay-sum and delay-subtract beamforming is also studied both under the ideal status and the status under which the space between the two line arrays of the dual-line array is mismatched. Analysis results show the delay-subtract beamforming has better performance of port/starboard discrimination. At last, the sea trial results demonstrate the theoretical results.     

Retrieval of ultraviolet skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities from balloon-borne limb spectrometer

With a novel light-weight and absolutely calibrated ultraviolet （UV） spectrometer, UV skylight radiances and O3 slant column densities are measured by balloon-borne limb measurements in Xinjiang area, China. UV skylight radiances measured at the height of 31 km are compared with the results from Modtran in the wavelength range from 290 to 420 nm. O3 slant column densities are derived from radiance spectra in the Huggins bands （320 - 335 nm） using differential optical absorption spectroscopy method. And the parameter exhibits a good correlation with the same value simulated by radiative transfer model （Tracy）. The O3 profile simultaneously measured by an O3 sonde is used as input in Tracy calculations. The O3 sonde is launched on the same balloon.     

Design optimization of highly sensitive LSPR enhanced surface plasmon resonance biosensors with nanoholes

For breaking through the sensitivity limitation of conventional surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensors, novel highly sensitive SPR biosensors with Au nanoparticles and nanogratings enhancement have been proposed recently.But in practice, these structures have obvious disadvantages.In this study, a nanohole based sensitivity enhancement SPR biosensor is proposed and the influence of different structural parameters on the performance is investigated by using rigorous coupled wave analysis (RCWA).Electromagnetic field distributions around the nanohole are also given out to directly explain the performance difference for various structural parameters.The results indicate that significant sensitivity increase is associated with localized surface plasmons (LSPs) excitation mediated by nanoholes.Except to outcome the weakness of other LSP based biosensors, larger resonance angle shift, reflectance amplitude, and sharper SPR curves' width are obtained simultaneously under optimized structural parameters.     

Polymer gratings based on photopolymerization for low-order distributed feedback polymer lasers

Novel polymer distributed feedback(DFB)gratings are fabricated based on photopolymerization to reduce lasing threshold of polymer lasers.A photopolymer formulation sensitive to 355-nm ultraviolet(UV)light is proposed for the fabrication of polymer gratings and it can be used to form polymer films by spin-coating process.A very low surface-relief depth ranging from 12.5 to about 1.0 nm has been demonstrated with a refractive-index modulation of about 0.012.The experimental results indicate that such polymer gratings have promising potentials for the fabrication of low-order DFB organic semiconductor lasers.     

A novel methodology for photometric compensation of projection display on patterned screen

We propose a novel methodology based on the projector-camera (ProCam) system to address the photometric compensation issue for the projection display on the patterned screen.The patterned screen is treated as the combination of a perfect white screen and a color modulator.The perfect white screen is used to automatically and accurately characterize the ProCam system offline using the polynomial model,and the parameters of the color modulator can be efficiently recovered by employing only two gray images based on the linear reflectance model.The experimental results show that the color artifacts of the display image can be greatly improved with this methodology,which demonstrates its feasibility and validity in the photometric compensation.     

Direction-of-arrival estimation using matrix spatial prefiltering approach

An approach to direction-of-arrival （DOA） estimation for multiple narrowband farfield signals is proposed. The technique uses a novel matrix spatial prefiltering approach. Specifically, a matrix filter is designed to spatially filter the incoming data snapshots. The un-wanted components arriving from the stopband angular sectors are attenuated and the desired components from the angular sector of interest pass with minimal distortion. The matrix filter spatially filters the element-space data and the output reserves the element-space data property, which makes it very useful by passing sensor data through a spatial prefilter prior to applying many other array processors to attenuate interferences and improve system performance. Several examples of DOA estimation problem are presented to illustrate the performance of the proposed spatial prefiltering approach. Results of simulation and real data show that the pre-filter can efficiently attenuate the spatial interferences and significantly improve the estimation and resolution capability of DOA estimators at low signal-to-noise ratios for the sources located inside the passband sector. In addition, the use of spatial prefilter makes it possible to estimate DOAs for multiple sources more than the number of the elements of an array.     

Quantum efficiency calibration of opto-electronic detector by means of correlated photons method

A new calibration method of detectors can be realized by using correlated photons generated in spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC) effect of nonlinear crystal.An absolute calibration system of detector quantum efficiency is performed.And its principle and experimental setup are introduced.A continuouswave (CW) ultraviolet (351 nm),diode-pumped,frequency-doubled,and solid-state laser is used to pump BBO crystal.The quantum efficiencies of the photomultiplier at 633,702,and 789 nm are measured respectively.The coincidence peaks are observed using coincidence circuit.Some measurement factors including the filter bandwidth of trigger channel,the detector position alignment and polarization of the pump light are analyzed.The uncertainties of this calibration method are also analyzed,and the relative uncertainties of total calibration are less than 5.8%.The accuracy of this method could be improved in the future.