BL Lac天体S5 0716+714的光变周期特性研究

从大量文献资料中, 收集了BL Lac天体S5 0716+714光学B，V，R，I波段的有效观测数据点共16818个， 获得了从1994年至2006年的长期光变曲线，光变曲线表明S5 0716+714天体存在完整的非正弦变化并且它的活动非常剧烈. 用功率谱方法分析了S5 0716+714天体的光变周期, 结果表明S5 0716+714天体存在的长光变周期为1.1年，Raiteri等人发现的3.3年周期可能是1.1年周期的叠合. 预期在2007年2月应该为S5 0716+714天体的再次爆发期. 关键词： BL Lac天体S5 0716+714 光变周期 功率谱方法     

振荡吸积盘的光变研究

理论研究指出随机振荡吸积盘可能引起活动天体的光变,然而观测数据分析表明光变中除了含有随机噪声外还存在混沌因素.将混沌因素引入到随机振荡吸积盘中,构成"混沌+随机"振荡吸积盘模型.通过分析扰动的相图,直观再现了混沌吸引子的状态.研究结果表明:在随机因素占主导时,光变混乱无序;随机因素与混沌因素相当时,光变上下起伏类似于心电图;混沌因素占主导时,光变具有一定有序性.模拟光变曲线的关联维与观测数据的关联维一致,表明模拟光变曲线与观测结果之间存在内在联系.     

四维切换超混沌系统

构建了一类关联且有多种切换方式的四维超混沌系统.依据系统的分岔图确定了各个子系统都处于混沌状态时，系统参数的取值范围.分析了这类四维超混沌系统平衡点的性质、超混沌吸引子的相图和Lyapunov指数等特性，设计了实现这类可切换超混沌系统的实际电路，利用系统选择器，一个电路可以实现四个关联子系统的功能. 关键词： 超混沌系统 分岔图 Lyapunov指数 切换     

基于双谱估计的BL Lac天体S5 0716+714光变周期

大幅度、快速光变是BL Lac天体的重要特征之一,光变研究对探索BL Lac天体内部的物理过程和机理具有特殊的意义.从大量文献中收集了BL Lac天体S5 0716+714光学V,R,I 3个波段从1994年到2008年的有效观测数据,并将这些数据30天平均后进行自回归模型(AR)的双谱估计. 双谱的等高线图和对角切片图表明,双谱估计能消除噪声的干扰来提取有用信息,抑制了噪声、提高了信噪比,有很高的分辨率,避免了伪峰的出现,能准确地认证BL Lac天体的光变周期值.由V,R,I 3个波段的双谱等高线图和对     

一种恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌吸引子及其Jerk电路实现

基于Colpitts方程,提出了一种新的三维混沌吸引子.该混沌吸引子在系统变幅参数改变时,输出混沌信号中的两维信号的幅值随着参数作线性变化,第三维信号的幅值保持在同样的数值区间,而系统的Lyapunov指数谱却保持恒定.该混沌系统通过改造Colpitts混沌系统归一化方程中的指数项为绝对值项而得到.通过相图、庞加莱映射、功率谱以及Lyapunov指数,证明了该混沌吸引子的存在性.对这种新型混沌吸引子的基本动力学行为予以分析,基于Lyapunov指数谱阐述并论证了该系统能够呈现周期态和混沌态.最后,给出该特 关键词： Colpitts系统 恒定Lyapunov指数谱 混沌吸引子 分岔图     

一个新的恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌吸引子与电路实现

通过对改进恒Lyapunov指数谱混沌系统进行进一步演变,并引入新的绝对值项,发现了一种新的混沌吸引子.首先,通过相图、Poincar映射、Lyapunov指数以及功率谱,证明该混沌吸引子的存在性.接着,分析研究了这种新型混沌吸引子的基本动力学行为.Lyapunov指数谱、分岔图和状态变量幅值演变的数值仿真说明,该系统存在全局线性调幅参数,在该参数的调整下,系统输出三维信号的幅度皆能得到线性调整,而系统保持相同的混沌吸引子与Lyapunov指数谱.最后,通过构建电路实现了该混沌系统,观察到相应的混沌吸引子,也验证了全局线性调幅参数的调幅作用,数值仿真与电路实现有很好的一致性.     

超混沌Lü系统的电路实现

在三维Lü系统的基础上增加一维状态,构建了一个新的四维超混沌Lü系统,简要地分析了该系统平衡点的性质、超混沌吸引子的相图、Lyapunov指数和Lyapunov维数等特性,并设计了一种实现四维超混沌系统的实际电路. 硬件电路实验表明,超混沌Lü系统具有丰富的动力学行为. 关键词： 超混沌Lü系统 Lyapunov指数 电路实现     

二维logistic映射的动力学行为和奇怪吸引子的分形特征

研究了二维logistic映射的动力学行为和奇怪吸引子的分形特征.利用分岔图、相图和Lyapunov指数谱分析系统的分岔过程,研究系统通向混沌的道路并确定系统处于混沌运动的参数区间;采用G-P算法计算奇怪吸引子的关联维数和Kolmogorov熵,对奇怪吸引子的分形特征定量刻画;采用逃逸时间算法构造奇怪吸引子的彩色广义M-J集,对奇怪吸引子的分形特征定性表征.结果表明,这些分析方法的配合使用可以更全面、形象地描述奇怪吸引子的分形特征.     

分数阶Lorenz系统的分析及电路实现

频域传递函数近似方法不仅是常用的 分数阶混沌系统相轨迹的数值分析方法之一, 而且也是设计分数阶混沌系统电路的主要方法. 应用该方法首先研究了分数阶Lorenz系统的混沌特性, 通过对Lyapunov指数图、分岔图和数值仿真分析, 发现了其较为丰富的动态特性, 即当分数阶次从0.7到0.9以步长0.1变化时, 该分数阶Lorenz系统既存在混沌特性, 又存在周期特性, 从数值分析上说明了在更低维的Lorenz系统中存在着混沌现象. 然后又基于该方法和整数阶混沌电路的设计方法, 设计了一个模拟电路实现了该分数阶Lorenz系统, 电路中的电阻和电容等数值是由系统参数和频域传递函数近似确定的. 通过示波器观测到了该分数阶Lorenz系统的混沌吸引子和周期吸引子的相轨迹图, 这些电路实验结果与数值仿真分析是一致的, 进一步从物理实现上说明了其混沌特性. 关键词： 分数阶系统 Lorenz系统 分岔分析 电路实现     

半导体激光器低频噪声的Lyapunov指数计算和混沌状态判定

根据小波变换和混沌噪声理论,对半导体激光器低频噪声进行了实验和理论分析.应用相轨迹、功率谱、Lyapunov指数、关联维等方法,探讨了噪声混沌模型的可行性.实验证明半导体激光器低频噪声具有混沌特性.在理论上分析了产生混沌的原因,为研究其可靠性提供了理论基础. 关键词： 混沌 Lyapunov指数 小波变换 低频噪声     

The long-term optical behavior of BL Lac object S5 0716+714

BL Lac object S5 0716+714 is a well-studied object.In this paper,the available optical(BVRI) data of this source are compiled,and the B-,V-,R-and I-band light curves are constructed.Each of them is analyzed by means of the discrete correlation function(DCF) method,the structure function(SF) method and the z-transformed discrete correlation function(ZDCF) method.The results imply that there is a possible periodic variation of 1211 days in each passband light curve.The source varies violently and complicatedly,and exhibits a brightening trend in the light curves.     

Phase space reconstruction of chaotic dynamical system based on wavelet decomposition

In view of the disadvantages of the traditional phase space reconstruction method,this paper presents the method of phase space reconstruction based on the wavelet decomposition and indicates that the wavelet decomposition of chaotic dynamical system is essentially a projection of chaotic attractor on the axes of space opened by the wavelet filter vectors,which corresponds to the time-delayed embedding method of phase space reconstruction proposed by Packard and Takens.The experimental results show that,the structure of dynamical trajectory of chaotic system on the wavelet space is much similar to the original system,and the nonlinear invariants such as correlation dimension,Lyapunov exponent and Kolmogorov entropy are still reserved.It demonstrates that wavelet decomposition is effective for characterizing chaotic dynamical system.     

Cycles homoclinic to chaotic sets; robustness and resonance

For dynamical systems possessing invariant subspaces one can have a robust homoclinic cycle to a chaotic set. If such a cycle is stable, it manifests itself as long periods of quiescent chaotic behaviour interrupted by sudden transient 'bursts'. The time between the transients increases as the trajectory approaches the cycle. This behavior for a cycle connecting symmetrically related chaotic sets has been called 'cycling chaos' by Dellnitz et al. [IEEE Trans. Circ. Sys. I 42, 821-823 (1995)]. We characterise such cycles and their stability by means of normal Lyapunov exponents. We find persistence of states that are not Lyapunov stable but still attracting, and also states that are approximately periodic. For systems possessing a skew-product structure (such as naturally arises in chaotically forced systems) we show that the asymptotic stability and the attractivity of the cycle depends in a crucial way on what we call the footprint of the cycle. This is the spectrum of Lyapunov exponents of the chaotic invariant set in the expanding and contracting directions of the cycle. Numerical simulations and calculations for an example system of a homoclinic cycle parametrically forced by a Rossler attractor are presented; here we observe the creation of nearby chaotic attractors at resonance of transverse Lyapunov exponents. (c) 1997 American Institute of Physics.     

单模激光Lorenz系统反同步控制研究

提出了一种实现异结构混沌系统反同步控制的方法。根据Lyapunov 稳定性理论给出控制器的结构。以单模激光Lorenz系统和Rossler系统为例,验证了这种控制器的有效性。进一步研究了不确定混沌系统的反同步,并以不确定单模激光Lorenz系统和Rossler系统为例,实现了混沌反同步控制,同时系统中不确定参数得到识别。仿真模拟结果验证了这种方法的有效性。设计的反同步控制方法可用于任意混沌系统,具有一定的普适性。     

Conversion of a chaotic attractor into a strange nonchaotic attractor in an one dimensional map and BVP oscillator

In this paper we investigate numerically the possibility of conversion of a chaotic attractor into a nonchaotic but strange attractor in both a discrete system (an one dimensional map) and in a continuous dynamical system — Bonhoeffer—van der Pol oscillator. In these systems we show suppression of chaotic property, namely, the sensitive dependence on initial states, by adding appropriate i) chaotic signal and ii) Gaussian white noise. The controlled orbit is found to be strange but nonchaotic with largest Lyapunov exponent negative and noninteger correlation dimension. Return map and power spectrum are also used to characterize the strange nonchaotic attractor.     

Synchronization of chaotic systems with different orders

A controller is designed to realize the synchronization between chaotic systems with different orders. The structure of the controller, the error equations and the Lyapunov functions are determined based on stability theory. Hyperchaotic Chen system and Rossler system are taken for example to demonstrate the method to be effective and feasible. Simulation results show that all the state variables of Rossler system can be synchronized with those of hyperchaotic Chen system by using only one controller, and the error signals approach zero smoothly and quickly.     

A novel 3D autonomous system with different multilayer chaotic attractors

This Letter proposes a novel three-dimensional autonomous system which has complex chaotic dynamics behaviors and gives analysis of novel system. More importantly, the novel system can generate three-layer chaotic attractor, four-layer chaotic attractor, five-layer chaotic attractor, multilayer chaotic attractor by choosing different parameters and initial condition. We analyze the new system by means of phase portraits, Lyapunov exponent spectrum, fractional dimension, bifurcation diagram and Poincaré maps of the system. The three-dimensional autonomous system is totally different from the well-known systems in previous work. The new multilayer chaotic attractors are also worth causing attention.     

Model equations from a chaotic time series

We present a method for obtaining a set of dynamical equations for a system that exhibits a chaotic time series. The time series data is first embedded in an appropriate phase space by using the improved time delay technique of Broomhead and King (1986). Next, assuming that the flow in this space is governed by a set of coupled first order nonlinear ordinary differential equations, a least squares fitting method is employed to derive values for the various unknown coefficients. The ability of the resulting model equations to reproduce global properties like the geometry of the attractor and Lyapunov exponents is demonstrated by treating the numerical solution of a single variable of the Lorenz and Rossler systems in the chaotic regime as the test time series. The equations are found to provide good short term prediction (a few cycle times) but display large errors over large prediction time. The source of this shortcoming and some possible improvements are discussed.