LiKSO4的无公度相

本文用多晶X射线衍射配合差热分析的方法研究了LiKSO₄室温以上的相变。发现当温度在熔点以下到675℃之间,晶体结沟与α-K₂SO₄的高温相同构,α相最可能的空间群为P6₃/mmc.在T_i=675℃以下出现调制结构,类似K₂WO₄,K₂MoO₄等的无公度相;参数κ的值由0.492(640℃)而随温度变化。在470℃出现整合相变κ=0.500,整合后的结构为室温相的超点阵。然后在439℃转变为室温相(空间群为P6₃)。 关键词：     

高压下LiKSO4介电和弹性特性的反常及p—T相图

本文通过对不同温度T(150—350K)和压力p(0—10kbar)范围内LiKSO₄晶体介电和弹性性质的研究,发现在室温8.2kbar(对应于升压过程),和4kbar(对应于降压过程)附近介电和弹性系数有突变。我们把它归结为压力诱导的LiKSO₄相转变。这个相变过程伴随着很大的压力滞后现象。本文还给出了LiKSO₄在上述温度和压力范围内的p-T相图。并发现在3.8kbar和281K处存在一个三相点。 关键词：     

硫酸锂钾的高压相及室温以上的P-T状态图

本文用改进了的高压下差热分析方法以及金刚石压砧加温下的X射线衍射方法研究了硫酸锂钾(LiKSO₄)在室温以上的高压相变,较精确地测定了在3GPa、800℃以下各相的平衡条件,作出了它的P-T状态图。本文发现LiKSO₄在1.65GPa以上压力存在一个高压结构,标定了它的晶体参数,测量了它在高压下的热膨胀行为,并研究了高压相在常压时的热稳定性。 关键词：     

LiKSO_4的旋光性和相变

室温下测量了LiKSO_4单晶的旋光频散特性,用“晶体”旋光模型可以很好地拟合实验结果。在-180℃到680℃温度范围内,测量了LiKSO_4的旋光度,观测到四个相交:低温相变具有显著的温度迴线,相变温度随样品而异。讨论了上述相变模式与目前已报道的LiKSO_4相变资料之间的关系。     

硫酸锂钾的室温相和低温相的锂离子位置

核磁共振实验表明,LiKSO₄在T_c=195K发生结构相变。本文报道了温度低于T_c时,Li位电场梯度张量的温度依赖关系。结合理想离子晶体模型,讨论了该晶体的结构,指出室温相Li的位置并不像Bradley所推测的,在(2/3,1/3,0.849)的位置,而应在(2/3,1/3,0.706)的位置;195K的相变是由于Li离子的位移造成;低温相的空间群可能为R3。 关键词：     

LaxBi2-xTi4O11的合成及相变研究

合成了Ｌａ_xＢｉ_2-xＴｉ₄Ｏ₁₁系列样品，并完成了它们的喇曼光谱和ｘ射线衍射测量；结果表明，该体系在Ｘ＝１．２经历了一次相变，且相变与最低频声子模随Ｘ的变化有关。Ｌａ_0.2Ｂｉ_1.8·Ｔｉ₄Ｏ₁₁的相变温度为２００℃。初步获得Ｌａ₂Ｔｉ₄Ｏ₁₁的结构为正交结构。 关键词：     

LiKSO4低温相变的核磁共振研究

研究了LiKSO₄中⁷Li的核磁共振谱与温度及晶体取向的关系。证实了在T_c=195K存在一个结构相变,并由实验数据推导出在这一温度以下,晶体的对称性低于P31c,每单胞至少含有六个分子式。没有证据说明有一个无公约相存在。测得181K的四极耦合常数为38.9kHz,不对称因子η=0.46,电场梯度主轴方向z与原c轴成11.6°角。 关键词：     

金属间化合物DyMn2Ge2的自发磁相变和场诱导的磁相变

在10—800K的温度范围内用X射线衍射方法测量了DyMn₂Ge₂化合物的晶格常数与温度的变化关系,观察到高温时DyMn₂Ge₂由顺磁状态到反铁磁状态的自发磁相变伴随着晶格常数a的负的磁弹性异常现象.在4.2K—200K的温度范围内测量了DyMn₂Ge₂的交流磁化率.在交换相互作用的分子场模型近似下,从理论上分析讨论了DyMn₂Ge₂的低温自发磁相变和场诱导的磁相变.计算了DyMn₂Ge₂单晶的磁化强度与温度的变化关系以及不同温度下外磁场沿晶轴c方向时的磁化曲线.理论分析和计算结果表明,温度低于33K时在DyMn₂Ge₂中观察到的场诱导的一级磁相变为由亚铁磁状态(Fi)到中间态(IS)相变. 关键词： 稀土-过渡族金属间化合物 磁结构 磁相变     

Tb4O7掺杂的WO3陶瓷的高温热电现象

采用传统的固相烧结技术，制备Tb₄O₇掺杂的WO₃陶瓷. 测量了其高温热电行为，发现样品升温和降温时相变分别出现在350℃和270℃，有80℃的热滞.并且样品在500℃的恒定温度下有稳定的电能输出，这种现象用现有的温差电效应和热(释)电效应理论都不能解释.这是一种新的热电效应，利用它有可能找到热能—电能转换的新途径. 关键词： 3陶瓷')" href="#">WO₃陶瓷 热电转换 相变 热释电     

LuTaO$lt;sub$gt;4$lt;/sub$gt;相变及结构

LuTaO₄是最高密度的闪烁体基质, 研究它的结构及其相变对单晶制备具有指导意义. 用固相法制备了Lu₂O₃和Ta₂O₅摩尔比为1:1时在不同温度下形成的多晶粉末, 用X射线衍射及Rietveld全谱拟合研究了多晶粉末的物相和结构. 结果表明, Lu₂O₃: Ta₂O₅摩尔比为1:1的样品在1740 ℃时合成的物相为M'-LuTaO₄, 在1800 ℃时为M'-LuTaO₄和M-LuTaO₄的混合物, 在1840 ℃时全部转变为M-LuTaO₄. 当温度升高到2058 ℃时, 样品呈熔融状态, 对淬火得到的样品进行结构精修, 给出了M-LuTaO₄, Lu₃TaO₇和Ta₂O₅的晶胞和原子坐标参数, 它们的重量比分别占78.1%, 18.9%和3.0%. 这些结果为制备以LuTaO₄为基质的高密度闪烁体单晶具有参考价值. 关键词： 4')" href="#">LuTaO₄ 相变 粉末衍射 Rietveld精修     

Optical studies of phase transitions in the (NH<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>3</Subscript>Ti(O<Subscript>2</Subscript>)F<Subscript>5</Subscript> crystal

Polarization-optical study of twinning and measurements of the Raman spectra and birefringence in oxyfluoride (NH₄)₃Ti(O₂)F₅ were carried out over the temperature range 90–350 K. Phase transitions were detected at temperatures T ₀₁ = 266 K (second-order transition) and T ₀₂ = 225 K (first order). It is assumed that the crystal symmetry is changed as follows: Fm3m ? I4/mmm ? I4/m. Anomalies of the spectral parameters are established in the frequency range of internal vibrations of ammonium ions and Ti(O₂)F₅ complexes. An analysis of the results shows that the transition at T ₀₁ is likely due to small shifts of the tetrahedral groups from their position on the triad axis and that the transition at T ₀₂ is due to fluorine-oxygen ordering of Ti(O₂)F₅ complexes.     

A study of the structural phase transition in strontium titanate single crystal by coherent and incoherent second optical harmonic generation

The surface phase transition in a SrTiO₃ crystal was studied by second optical harmonic generation. Nonlinear optical response singularities were observed at temperature T*=145 K, which was 40 K higher than the T_c structural phase transition temperature in the crystal volume. Nonlinear critical opalescence in the crystal volume caused by the presence of point defects was studied. The second harmonic field and the intensity of critical opalescence were calculated based on the phenomenological model of nonlinear optical processes with the use of the Landau theory of phase transitions.     

Phase transition in a KPb<Subscript>2</Subscript>Br<Subscript>5</Subscript> crystal

Crystals of the KPb₂Br₅compound are investigated using polarized light microscopy and calorimetry. The birefringence and the angle of rotation of the optical indicatrix are measured in the temperature range 270–620 K. It is found that the KPb₂Br₅ crystal undergoes a first-order ferroelastic phase transition at temperatures T_0↑ = 519.5 K and T_0↓ = 518.5 K with a change in the enthalpy ΔH = 1300 ± 200 J/mol. This transition is accompanied by both twinning and the symmetry change mmm ? P2₁/c. It is revealed that the angle of rotation of the optical indicatrix exhibits an unusual behavior under variations in the temperature due to a strong temperature dependence of the birefringence.     

Dynamic phase transitions and dynamic phase diagrams of the spin-2 Blume-Capel model under an oscillating magnetic field within the effective-field theory

The dynamic phase transitions are studied in the kinetic spin-2 Blume-Capel model under a time-dependent oscillating magnetic field using the effective-field theory with correlations. The effective-field dynamic equation for the average magnetization is derived by employing the Glauber transition rates and the phases in the system are obtained by solving this dynamic equation. The nature (first- or second-order) of the dynamic phase transition is characterized by investigating the thermal behavior of the dynamic magnetization and the dynamic phase transition temperatures are obtained. The dynamic phase diagrams are constructed in the reduced temperature and magnetic field amplitude plane and are of seven fundamental types. Phase diagrams contain the paramagnetic (P), ferromagnetic-2 (F₂) and three coexistence or mixed phase regions, namely the F₂+P, F₁+P and F₂+F₁+P, which strongly depend on the crystal-field interaction (D) parameter. The system also exhibits the dynamic tricritical behavior.     

Anisotropy of absorption spectra of the rare-earth orthoaluminate TbAlO<Subscript>3</Subscript> in polarized light

Polarized spectra of the optical absorption of the 4f → 4f transition ⁷ F ₆ → ⁵ D ₄ in rare-earth orthoaluminate TbAlO₃ were experimentally studied at temperature T = 78 K. It was shown that the nontrivial character of the absorption anisotropy of TbAlO₃ at low temperatures could be related either to the symmetry of wave functions of the Stark sublevels of ⁷ F ₆ and ⁵ D ₄ multiplets combining in the optical transitions under study or to optical experiment geometry that takes into account the orientation of incident light polarization relative to the crystal axes and the axes of local coordinate systems of a rare-earth ion in orthoaluminate.     

Optical Properties of [(CH3)2NH2]5Cd3Cl11 Crystals in the Region of their Phase Transitions

A sequence of phase transitions in the [(CH₃)₂NH₂]₅Cd₃Cl₁₁ (DMACC) crystal has been verified based on the study of temperature dependences of the optical birefringence and the data of piezooptical investigations. Absorption spectra in the visible and near-UV regions and IR reflection spectra in the 200–2000-cm^–1 region have been obtained. Phase transitions at temperatures of 179.5, 151, and 120 K have been detected. For all the phases of the DMACC crystal, the optical absorption edge obeys Urbach's empirical rule. It is shown that the phonons corresponding to the internal vibrations of the (Cd₃Cl₁₁)^5– polyhedron participate in the edge formation.     

Heat capacity,structure, and <Emphasis Type="Italic">p-T</Emphasis> phase diagram of elpasolite (NH<Subscript>4</Subscript>)<Subscript>2</Subscript>KMoO<Subscript>3</Subscript>F<Subscript>3</Subscript>

Thermophysical and structural studies of an (NH₄)₂KMoO₃F₃ crystal show that this crystal belongs to the family of elpasolites (space group \(Fm\bar 3m\)) and undergoes an order-disorder phase transition at T ₀ = 241.5 K. Under hydrostatic pressure, this phase transition splits into two consecutive transitions at the tricritical point with parameters T _tr = 232.5 K and p _tr=0.21 GPa. It was found that anomalous hysteresis and relaxation phenomena accompany the transitions from the cubic to both distorted phases. The results are analyzed taking into account the data on the phase transition in the related elpasolite (NH₄)₂KWO₃F₃.     

Jahn-Teller phase transitions in TbcGd1−cVO4

The temperatures at which the cooperative Jahn-Teller phase transitions occur in Tb_cGd_1?cVO₄ have been determined from Raman and optical birefringence measurements. Over a narrow range of c there are two transition temperatures; between these temperatures the crystal is distorted, but a higher and lower temperatures the crystal has the same undistorted structure. This unusual behaviour was predicted earlier, and is accurately described by molecular field theory.     

Crystal-glass phase transitions in the adatom layers

Phase transitions in the two-dimensional crystalline films adsorbed onto an imperfect substrate (with impurities and defects) are analyzed. It is shown that the phase transition from the commensurate long-range-order (LRO) crystal to the glass state occurs with increase of impurity concentration. The orientational correlation function is shown to tend algebraically to zero at large distances in the glass state. The influence of defects on the phase transition from the LRO-commensurate crystal to the disordered state at the definite temperature T_m is considered.     

A low-temperature tilter system and its application to the measurement of the anisotropy of optical rotation in K2Zncl4 in the vicinity of the phase transition at 145 k

The ferroelectric/ferroelastic phase transition of K₂ZnCl₄ at 145 K has been investigated employing the tilter method (Kaminsky and Glazer (1996) Ferroelectrics 183, 133) which was adapted to low-temperature experiments. We were able to observe the anisotropy of optical rotation in K₂ZnCl₄ which shows a distinct discontinuity at the transition temperature. A precursor-optical rotation in the ferroelectric phase is discussed in connection with a cluster ordering scheme suggested in an earlier X-ray study. The rotation of the optical indicatrix which accompanies the transition from the orthorhombic to the monoclinic system shows a Landau-type temperature dependence. Model calculations based on the dipole-dipole interaction between the atoms of the structures at different temperatures are in qualitative agreement with the experimental results.