耗散量子隧道系统中的局域—退局域转变

通过考虑声子基态变迭积分对隧道参量的重整化效应,本文提出一种新的方法来研究玻色型耗散量子隧道系统中的局域-退局域转变。研究表明,已有的理论结果主要建立在位移声子态近似的基础上,而本文的方法可以用来研究其它声子基态(如位移压缩声子态)对局域-退局域转变的影响。 关键词：     

耗散量子隧道系统的变分法研究

本文用变分法研究了耗散量子系统中的声子基态及其对局域-退局域相变条件的影响。发现:1.声子基态不仅存在通常的位移效应,而且还有形变效应。本文提出的位移-压缩态可同时描述这两种效应;2.声子基态的选择对相变条件有很大影响。随着声子基态能量下降,相变曲线将向强耦合方向移动。 关键词：     

耗散量子隧道系统中的形变效应与耦合指数的关系

采用变分方法，比较了超欧姆耗散两能态系统中位移变分态和位移－压缩变分态的特性。通过研究发现，在强耦合区域，位移－压缩态较稳定，其基态性质不仅取决于谱密度，而且还依赖于耦合强度ｇ₁～ω₁^λ的指数λ；位移－压缩态稳定的区域将随λ减小而增加。对于欧姆耗散两能态系统，在位移－压缩态退局域相区域亦有同样的特性，且该区域亦随λ减小而增加。 关键词：     

Frhlich极化子的非经典基态

本文计及波矢q,q′声子间动力学关联效应,采用双模-压缩(声子)相干态作为再一次正则变换方案,基于Huybrechts变分近似,求解Frhlich大极化子的非经典基态.由于双模-压缩(声子)相干态导致声子相干态-压缩声子态关联效应,相干参量f～q与双模压缩角φqq′有较大幅度修正,因而显著增强了相干效应和压缩角效应.对极化子基态能量计算与分析说明在弱耦合区域,位移-声子压缩态效应的修正项ΔE(c1)与Feynman路径积分计算(ΔEf)和Huybrechts相干态修正项(ΔE0)相当.但是,声子相干态双模-压缩效应导致相应的修正(ΔE(c2))有大幅度贡献,ΔE(c2)(ΔEf,ΔE0);在强耦合区域,位移-声子压缩态效应的修正大为减弱而可以忽略,ΔE(c1)《(ΔEf,ΔE0).虽然声子相干态双模-压缩效应也会同时减弱,考虑到电子-声子耦合强度(α)较大,仍有ΔEc(2)(ΔEf,ΔE0).     

Fr(o)hlich极化子的非经典基态

本文计及波矢q,q'声子间动力学关联效应,采用双模-压缩(声子)相干态作为再一次正则变换方案,基于Huybrechts变分近似,求解Fr(o)hlich大极化子的非经典基态.由于双模一压缩(声子)相干态导致声子相干态-压缩声子态关联效应,相干参量(f)q与双模压缩角φqq'有较大幅度修正,因而显著增强了相干效应和压缩角效应.对极化子基态能量计算与分析说明:在弱耦合区域,位移-声子压缩态效应的修正项ΔEc(1)与Feynman路径积分计算(△Ef)和Huybrechts相干态修正项(ΔE0)相当.但是,声子相干态双模-压缩效应导致相应的修正(ΔEc(2))有大幅度贡献,△Ec(2)＜＜(ΔEf,△E0);在强耦合区域,位移一声子压缩态效应的修正大为减弱而可以忽略,ΔEc(1)≥(ΔEf,△E0).虽然声子相干态双模-压缩效应也会同时减弱,考虑到电子-声子耦合强度(α)较大,仍有ΔEc(2)＜＜(ΔEf,ΔE0).     

Fröhlich 极化子的非经典基态

本文计及波矢 q,q' 声子间动力学关联效应,采用双模-压缩(声子)相干态作为再一次正则变换方案,基于Huybrechts变分近似,求解 Fröhlich 大极化子的非经典基态.由于双模-压缩(声子)相干态导致声子相干态-压缩声子态关联效应,相干参量 f_q 与双模压缩角 φqq' 关键词： 双模-压缩(声子)相干态 位移-声子压缩态 Frö hlich 极化子 非经典基态     

耦合锗量子点中空穴态对称特性研究

分别采用单带重空穴近似和六带Kronig-Penney模型, 对垂直耦合锗量子点在不同耦合距离下的空穴态特性进行了计算, 并探讨了自旋-轨道的相互作用对空穴态对称性的影响. 计算结果表明: 多带耦合的框架下, 随着量子点垂直间距的增大, 空穴基态从成键态转变为反键态, 而且价带基态能级和第一激发态能级发生反交叉现象, 这与单带模型下得到的相应结果存在较大差异. 通过分析六带模型计算得到的成、反键态波函数, 轻、重空穴态和自旋-轨道分裂态对特征空穴态波函数的贡献比例随着量子点垂直间距的增大发生了转变, 并最终导致量子点空穴基态波函数由成键态转变为反键态. 关键词： 耦合量子点 空穴态 成健态-反健态 自旋-轨道     

声子色散和库仑势对量子点中极化子基态能量的影响

本文在声子色散和库仑束缚势的影响下利用压缩态变分法计算了抛物量子点中弱耦合极化子的基态能量。采用的变分方法是基于逐次正则并且利用单模压缩态变换处理通常被我们所忽略的在第一次幺正变换中产生的声子产生湮灭算符的双线性项。计算得出了在考虑声子色散和库仑束缚势的情况下抛物量子点中弱耦合极化子的基态能量的数学表达式。讨论了在弱耦合情况下,受限长度,电子-声子耦合常数,色散系数,库仑结合参数与基态能量之间的依赖关系。     

耗散量子隧道系统的变分法研究

本文用变分法研究了耗散量子系统中的声于基态及其对局域一退局域相变条件的影响.发现: 1. 声子基态不仅存在通常的位移效应, 而且还有形变效应. 本文提出的位移一压缩态可同时描述这两种效应; 2. 声子基态的选择对相变条件有很大影响.随着声子基态能量下降,相变曲线将向强祸合方向移动. 关键词：     

声子色散对抛物量子点中极化子基态能量的影响

在声子色散影响下利用压缩态变分法计算了抛物量子点中弱耦合极化子的基态能量。采用的变分方法是基于逐次正则并且利用单模压缩态变换处理通常被我们所忽略的在第一次幺正变换中产生的声子产生湮灭算符的双线性项。计算得出了在考虑声子色散的情况下抛物量子点中弱耦合极化子的基态能量的数学表达式。讨论了抛物量子点中在电子-声子弱耦合情况下,受限长度,电子-声子耦合常数,色散系数与极化子基态能量之间的依赖关系。     

Two-stage melting in systems of strongly interacting Rydberg atoms

We analyze the ground state properties of a one-dimensional cold atomic system in a lattice, where Rydberg excitations are created by an external laser drive. In the classical limit, the ground state is characterized by a complete devil's staircase for the commensurate solid structures of Rydberg excitations. Using perturbation theory and a mapping onto an effective low-energy Hamiltonian, we find a transition of these commensurate solids into a floating solid with algebraic correlations. For stronger quantum fluctuations the floating solid eventually melts within a second quantum phase transition and the ground state becomes paramagnetic.     

Quasi-one Dimensional Topological Insulator: Möbius Molecular Devices in Peierls Transition

We show that, assisted by the Peierls transition of lattice, as a quasi-one dimensional (Q1D) tight binding system, a Möbius molecular device can behave as a simple topological insulator. With the Peierls phase transition to form a domain wall, the solitonary zero modes exist as the ground state of this electron-phonon hybrid system, which is protected by the Z₂ topology of the Möbius strip. The robustness of the ground state prevents these degenerate zero modes from their energy spectrum splitting caused by any perturbation.     

Molecular matter-wave amplifier

We describe a matter-wave amplifier for vibrational ground-state molecules which uses a Feshbach resonance to first form quasibound molecules starting from an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate. The quasibound molecules are then driven into their stable vibrational ground state via a two-photon Raman transition inside an optical cavity. The transition from the quasibound state to the electronically excited state is driven by a classical field. Amplification of ground state molecules is then achieved by using a strongly damped cavity mode for the transition from the electronically excited molecules to the molecular ground state.     

Breakdown of an electric-field driven system: a mapping to a quantum walk

Quantum transport properties of electron systems driven by strong electric fields are studied by mapping the Landau-Zener transition dynamics to a quantum walk on a semi-infinite one-dimensional lattice with a reflecting boundary, where the sites correspond to energy levels and the boundary the ground state. Quantum interference induces a distribution localized around the ground state, and a delocalization transition occurs when the electric field is increased, which describes the dielectric breakdown in the original electron system.     

Dipole excitation of the positronium molecule ps2

The energy interval between the ground and the P-wave excited states of the recently discovered positronium molecule Ps2 is evaluated, including the relativistic and the leading logarithmic radiative corrections, E_{P}-E_{S}=0.181 586 7(8) a.u.. The P state, decaying usually via annihilation, is found to decay into the ground state by an electric dipole transition 19% of the time. Anticipated observation of this transition will provide insight into this exotic system.     

Superradiant transition and its classical analogue

The two-level quantum model proposed by Preparata, according to which the interaction of a material system with a electromagnetic field can cause the loss of stability of the lower level, is examined. As a result of this instability, the role of the ground state is played by a periodic process generating superradiance (in contrast to laser radiation induced by overpopulation of the upper level). A classical analogue of a super-radiant quantum transition, a system of van der Pol-Duffing oscillators (generators) weakly coupled via a linear oscillator, is for the first time described. Such an analogue is a strongly modulated oscillatory process of almost complete periodic energy exchange between the generators. It is shown that a necessary condition for the transition to intense energy exchange in the classical system is the instability of one of the nonlinear normal modes, similar to how the condition for a superradiant transition to occur is the instability of the ground state of a two-level quantum system coupled with a resonant electromagnetic field.     

三重态双极化子系统的超导与铁磁共存

采用对称破缺的Hartree平均场近似,讨论了三重态双极化子系统的超导和铁磁共存问题。我们发现,系统的基态是铁磁超导混合态,这与BCS超导的情形不同。在双极化子的低密度区域,只有从正常态到混合态的转变;而在高密度区域,随着温度的降低,系统可能将首先转变到铁磁态,然后转变到铁磁超导混合态。当系统已经具有超导电性时,不可能发生到铁磁态的相变。 关键词：