短腔长复合式光纤法布里-珀罗压力传感器椭圆拟合腔长解调算法

建立了一种短腔长复合式光纤法布里-珀罗压力传感器反射光谱的模型,提出了一种双参数椭圆拟合腔长解调算法,并对腔长为26～30μm的复合式法布里-珀罗腔的解调进行了仿真。结果表明,采用双参数椭圆拟合算法进行腔长解调的最大误差仅为0.05μm。搭建了光纤法布里-珀罗传感器解调系统,在加压条件下对复合式光纤法布里-珀罗压力传感器进行了解调实验,实现了20 kHz的解调速率,验证了所提算法在解调短腔长复合式光纤法布里-珀罗压力传感器方面的可行性与实时性。     

基于空芯光子晶体光纤的微小型非本征光纤法布里-珀罗干涉应变传感器

报道了一种用空芯光子晶体光纤制作的法布里-珀罗腔体,利用光纤熔接方法将该法布里-珀罗腔体和两根普通通信单模光纤熔接起来构成的微小型光纤法布里-珀罗干涉应变传感器。这种干涉传感器制作过程仅应用了切割和熔接手段,光纤材料单一,因此受温度变化的影响小。另外,该类型传感器的干涉腔长度对干涉信号强度影响不大,其干涉腔长度可至数厘米。因此,这类传感器将在大容量、准分布式传感系统中具有极大的潜在应用价值。     

基于拉锥光纤布拉格光栅的法布里-珀罗应变传感器的仿真研究

为解决干涉型光纤应变传感器自由光谱范围较小或干涉条纹精细度较低等问题，提出了一种基于单拉锥光纤布拉格光栅的法布里-珀罗腔的应变传感结构及其改进方案。利用啁啾光纤布拉格光栅不同位置反射不同波长的特性，形成腔长随波长连续变化的法布里-珀罗腔，得到了无穷大的自由光谱范围且谐振谷精细度高。数值计算结果表明，应变传感灵敏度与拉锥光纤的腰区直径和栅区长度正相关。在0～300 με范围内，当腰区直径为光纤直径的3/25，栅区长度为30 mm时，应变传感灵敏度为7.05 pm/με。该结果对其他干涉型传感结构的设计具有一定的参考价值。     

微型化光纤法布里-珀罗传感器腔长一致性的控制研究

研究了光纤法布里-珀罗腔传感器的腔长一致性的控制技术.通过三维调整架组成微调装置来控制全光纤法布里-珀罗腔的腔长;结合法布里-珀罗腔的工作原理,利用光谱分析仪实时检测加工过程中法布里-珀罗腔的腔长并用装置予以修正;以热熔接的方法将毛细玻璃管与光纤加工成法布里-珀罗腔;利用超景深光学显微系统检查加工的法布里-珀罗腔的关键部位的结构,并对熔接点的牢固性进行了检测.实验结果和数据分析显示:法布里-珀罗腔的腔长得到了较好的控制及一致性,熔接部位的变形和对法布里-珀罗腔的性能的影响也很小.该工艺可用于制备全光纤法布里-珀罗腔传感器.     

一种同时测量电流和温度的光纤光栅传感器

提出了一种基于光纤光栅法布里-珀罗干涉仪且可以同时测量交变电流和温度的传感器,并对其进行了理论分析和实验研究.该传感器采用单频激光入射,作为反射镜的一对光纤布喇格光栅自由放置,其间的法布里-珀罗腔粘贴在磁致伸缩材料上,通电导线周围的磁场通过磁致伸缩材料作用于光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔,引起腔长周期性变化.同时,由于热膨胀和热光效应,环境温度的变化会引起光纤长度和折射率的改变,从而改变光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔的反射光谱特性.通过检测输出光信号的频率和峰值可实现电流和温度的同时测量.对通电线圈的电流及环境温度进行测量的实验结果与理论分析相吻合.     

激光加工微型光纤折射率传感器的工艺与特性

提出一种由157nm激光制造的新型微型光纤法布里-珀罗折射率传感器的制作方法,传感头由靠近单模光纤端的具有光纤顶端微通道的法布里-珀罗空气腔组成,将单模光纤顶端的微通道作为检测介质的入口.分别在珐珀腔的反射界面镀以薄膜作为反射镜面来确保高的光对比度.试验中获得了1130.887nm/refractive-index的分辨率.和其他的光纤传感器相比,这种传感器具有体积小,结构坚固,高分辨率,线性良好,测量范围宽等优点,能够满足实际应用的要求,特别是对需要小型传感器的场合.     

一种同时测量电流和温度的光纤光栅传感器

提出了一种基于光纤光栅法布里-珀罗干涉仪且可以同时测量交变电流和温度的传感器,并对其进行了理论分析和实验研究.该传感器采用单频激光入射,作为反射镜的一对光纤布喇格光栅自由放置,其间的法布里-珀罗腔粘贴在磁致伸缩材料上,通电导线周围的磁场通过磁致伸缩材料作用于光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔,引起腔长周期性变化.同时,由于热膨胀和热光效应,环境温度的变化会引起光纤长度和折射率的改变,从而改变光纤光栅法布里-珀罗腔的反射光谱特性.通过检测输出光信号的频率和峰值可实现电流和温度的同时测量.对通电线圈的电流及环境温度进行测量的实验结果与理论分析相吻合.     

基于游标效应增敏的全光纤液体折射率传感器

为了实现液体折射率的高灵敏度测量,提出并制备了一种基于游标效应增敏的全光纤液体折射率传感器.该传感器由法布里-珀罗传感腔和法布里-珀罗参考腔并联构成,其中,传感腔为开放腔,由单模光纤错位熔接制得,参考腔为封闭腔,由单模光纤与空芯光纤熔接制得.传感腔和参考腔的自由光谱范围相近,但不相等,双腔反射光经光纤耦合器后叠加产生游标效应,达到增敏的效果.实验结果表明,该传感器的折射率灵敏度约为9 048.78nm/RIU,约是单个传感腔的8倍.该传感器具有灵敏度高、结构简单、易于制备、成本低廉的优点,在生物医疗、环境检测等领域有潜在的应用前景.     

双法布里—珀罗干涉仪传感模型的理论分析

本文提出了一种用发光二极管作为光源、用自聚焦透镜构成法布里-珀罗腔的双法布里-珀罗干涉仪光纤位移传感模型.根据部分相干光的干涉理论,得到了这个传感模型输出光强与两个法布里一珀罗干涉仪腔长之差的函数曲线.     

激光加工微型光纤折射率传感器的工艺与特性

提出一种由157 nm激光制造的新型微型光纤法布里-珀罗折射率传感器的制作方法,传感头由靠近单模光纤端的具有光纤顶端微通道的法布里-珀罗空气腔组成,将单模光纤顶端的微通道作为检测介质的入口.分别在珐珀腔的反射界面镀以薄膜作为反射镜面来确保高的光对比度.试验中获得了1 130.887 nm/refractive-index的分辨率.和其他的光纤传感器相比,这种传感器具有体积小,结构坚固,高分辨率,线性良好,测量范围宽等优点,能够满足实际应用的要求,特别是对需要小型传感器的场合.     

仿真分析测量参数对光反馈自混合信号的影响

针对含有光反馈的半导体激光器,在外腔波动条件下,研究其光反馈干涉自混合信号模型。经计算仿真分析,得到了外腔运动参数及激光器本身参数的变化对光反馈自混合信号波形的影响规律。结果表明,利用光反馈自混合干涉效应可以进行多参数传感测量。     

Quasi-distributed fiber Bragg grating sensor system based on a Fourier domain mode locking fiber laser

A novel quasi-distributed fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor system based on Fourier domain mode locking (FDML) fiber laser is proposed and demonstrated. The low reflectivity FBGs with the same Bragg wavelength are connected cascaded in a long fiber working as the sensing elements of the sensor system as well as the wavelength and cavity length selecting elements of the FDML laser. By adjusting the driving frequency of the FDML fiber laser, lasing with different selected cavity lengths will be achieved correspondingly. When the wavelength of the working FBG shifts which includes the sensing information, FBG interrogation can be realized both in wavelength and time domain.     

基于F-P腔和FBG的强度调制型光纤液位传感器

设计了一种用于液位测量的光纤F-P(Fabry-Perot)传感器,并从传感头的设计制作出发,讨论了提高传感器输出信号对比度的方法;测量系统采用宽带光源,解调时经FBG(Fiber Bragg Grating)反射和透射得到传感信号和参考信号,对两路光强信号进行联合处理,补偿了光源功率波动和光路损耗变化引起的不良影响,消除了强度调制型传感器的固有缺点,此方法具有结构简单、成本低的优点;该系统可进行连续测量,测量范围为0到200kPa,相当于测量水深0到20m,其分辨力小于1cm(水面高度变化),特别适合对易燃易爆的环境中的油库液位进行测量。     

高Q光学微球腔角速度传感效应验证

根据角速度传感的基本原理,搭建了以高Q光学微球腔为核心敏感部件的角速度传感实验测试系统。实验中通过调制、解调技术得到了光学微球腔的谐振曲线及其相对应的解调曲线,并采用PID反馈控制电路实现了微球腔谐振点的实时跟踪锁定,谐振点锁定精度约为10 kHz。通过对系统提供低、高2组不同的旋转角速度进行实验测试,并对数据进行处理分析,得到系统输出信号幅度的变化趋势与测试转台提供的旋转角速度变化情况相对应的结果。初步验证了高Q光学微球腔的角速度传感效应,为后续深入研究高Q光学微谐振腔角速度传感器件奠定了基础。     

基于线型腔掺铒光纤激光器的光纤光栅传感实验研究

提出了一种基于线型腔掺铒光纤激光器的光纤布拉格光栅传感解调系统,并进行了理论分析和实验验证。此传感系统具有稳定性好、信噪比高、结构简单等特点。实验结果表明:在常温下光纤光栅传感解调系统能很好的实现光纤光栅传感信号的传感和检测;15m掺铒光纤用作增益介质可以产生较大信噪比的稳定激光输出,系统在4nm范围内的解调精度为0.04nm。     

A lasing wavelength stabilized simultaneous multipoint acoustic sensing system using pressure-coupled fiber Bragg gratings

A fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor head, using a pressure coupling mechanism, was designed for broadband frequency response and structural strain-free characteristic. The pressure-coupled sensor heads were connected to a simultaneous multipoint acoustic sensing system based on a tunable laser. An intelligent lasing wavelength stabilization algorithm capable of identifying the direction of spectrum movement, the wavelength shifting speed, and a fiber bending event was developed so that the simultaneous multipoint acoustic sensing system could be used in environments with rapid temperature variations. The lasing wavelength feedback control algorithm updated the lasing wavelength into the steep slope of the FBG spectrum even under conditions of rapid temperature change. The averaging lasing wavelength updating time was only 21 s because the system can decide a minimal size in scan window by finding the FBG spectrum shifting speed and direction in real time. The system was able to update the lasing wavelength which missed the steep slope of the FBG spectrum under maximum temperature variation rates 0.3014 and −0.3246 °C/s. The proposed system detected simultaneous impact waves at multiple points under conditions of rapid temperature change and change in dynamic strain.     

Compact FBG diaphragm accelerometer based on L-shaped rigid cantilever beam

A compact fiber Bragg grating(FBG) diaphragm accelerometer based on L-shaped rigid cantilever beam is proposed and experimentally demonstrated.The sensing system is based on the integration of a flat diaphragm and an L-shaped rigid cantilever beam.The FBG is pre-tensioned and the two side points are fixed,efficiently avoiding the unwanted chirp effect of grating.Dynamic vibration measurement shows that the proposed FBG diaphragm accelerometer provides a wide frequency response range(0-110 Hz) and an extremely high sensitivity(106.5 pm/g),indentifying it as a good candidate for embedding structural health monitoring and seismic wave measurement.     

Dynamic strain measurement using two wavelength-matched fiber Bragg grating sensors interrogated by a cascaded long-period fiber grating

In this work, we describe a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensing system using two wavelength-matched FBG sensors for static and dynamic strain measurement. A cascaded long-period fiber grating (CLPG)-based demodulation technique has been used to interrogate the two wavelength-matched FBG sensors. Experimental results of static strain measurement show that the proposed system has a strain resolution of 1 με. This system has also been used for dynamic strain measurement. An eddy current displacement meter-based system has been used as a comparison measurement. Experimental results of dynamic strain measurement have proved that the FBG sensing system has a good performance in the measurement of dynamic strain. The results of static and dynamic strain measurement indicate that the sensing system using two wavelength-matched FBG sensors is superior to the single FBG sensor system.     

Ground vibrations detection with fiber optic sensor

In this paper, a fiber optic sensor based on fiber Bragg grating (FBG) is employed to measure the ground vibrations which may be generated by earthquakes, debris flows, landslides, and rock impacts on the ground. The detected vibration signals were analyzed by both fast Fourier transform (FFT) and Gabor transform to obtain the frequency response. The performance of fiber optic sensor was examined and compared with the conventional ground vibration geophone sensor. From the results of field tests, the fiber optic sensor shows highly similarity with conventional geophone sensor for low frequency measurement. The fiber optic vibration sensing system presented in this research is appropriate for sensing ground vibration in the frequency ranges of 10–250 Hz. The sensor proved to be an alternative option for ground vibrations monitoring system.     

光纤Bragg光栅水听器特性及实验研究

论述了光纤Bragg光栅（FBG）水听器探头基元 （FBG）的传感特性,分析了FBG的耦合系数、反射率、反射带宽和栅长对光纤Bragg光栅水听器传感特性的影响.通过改进光纤Bragg光栅水听器探头封装结构,增加了其压力敏感系数.并将实验结果与标准水听器（压电型）比较,标定出光纤Bragg光栅水听器的声压灵敏度；对传感信号进行电路解调,得出了解调结果,结果显示与原始声波信号基本一致.试验表明,在1 kHz~25 kHz的声波检测范围,光纤Bragg光栅水听器响应平坦度好,信号输出稳定,证明文中采取的改进措施是有效的.