光电色度计校正滤色器的一种设计方法

介绍了光电色度计的测色原理，给出了依卢瑟条件设计校正滤色器计算光谱透射比的基本计算式，以滤色片厚度为自变量采用总误差面积最小，误差平方和最小，色差最小三种评价函数对滤色器进行优化设计，最后得到较为满意的结果。     

斜光束对校正滤光片匹配准确度的影响

光电积分式的测色仪器中,光探测器的响应必须满足卢瑟条件.这一般是通过精确的匹配校正滤光片来实现的,匹配的准确度与入射光束在校正滤光片中的实际光程有关.由于测量条件的影响,入射光束不可避免地包含各个方向的入射光线,斜光束的存在会使理论计算出的匹配准确度降低.本文采用总误差面积比例最小法来评价校正滤光片的匹配准确度,阐述了校正滤光片匹配的理论依据,验证了斜光束光谱透射对于整个校正滤光片匹配准确度的影响,并提出了考虑到斜光束影响的校正滤光片厚度的修正公式.以"Y"滤光片的匹配为例,证明了修正后的公式对提高匹配准确度的意义.     

校正滤色器精度的影响因素分析

光学模拟测色仪采用校正滤色器使仪器满足卢瑟条件 ,校正滤色器的精度受多种因素的影响。详细地分析了影响校正滤色器精度的因素 ,并阐明了提高校正滤色器精度的方法及原理。     

海洋水色水温扫描仪精确大气漫射透射比计算

海洋水色水温扫描仪(COCTS)是中国海洋水色系列卫星上的主遥感器,主要用于探测我国及全球部分海域的海洋水色和水温环境信息.大气漫射透射比计算是COCTS大气校正的必需过程,直接影响COCTS大气校正和水色信息反演的精度.提出了基于加倍法解大气-海洋耦合矢量辐射传输方程的大气漫射透射比精确计算方法,通过与SeaWiFS精确大气漫射透射比查找表计算结果的比较,结果表明计算相对误差小于1.5%,而当观测天顶角小于60°时,计算相对误差小于0.5%,可以用来生成COCTS的精确大气漫射透射比查找表.在此基础上,生成了专门针对COCTS的精确大气漫射透射比查找表.     

基于整形光路的低阶像差校正方法

为满足激光束对远处目标辐照强度的要求,减小热效应对输出光束性能的影响,提出了一种基于整形光路的高能激光低阶像差校正方法。该方法根据波前探测器测到的光束波前畸变,利用激光器整形光路固有的光学元件和调整机构,通过高精密电动平移台和快反镜的快速动作,动态调整各镜片的间距,实时校正激光束的低阶像差,使输出光束恢复至平行出射,从而显著减小激光束的热漂移和热畸变,有效避免了长时间出光时光束的持续发散,极大改善了输出光束性能。试验结果表明,该方法具有校正量大、控制方便、结构紧凑等优点,能够很好地改善激光器输出光束质量,显著提高激光束远场作用效果。     

内腔自适应光学系统校正激光器畸变

固体激光器中,增益介质由于热沉积产生的热畸变严重影响了激光器的稳定性、输出功率和光束质量。研究了一种内腔自适应光学系统校正激光器腔内畸变的方法,利用微机电变形反射镜作为固体激光器的内腔全反射镜,通过控制变形镜的面型改善激光器输出光束的模式及功率。从腔外引入的一束信标光通过激光器内腔后反射出腔外,用波前探测器可测得激光器工作时腔内畸变对此信标光的影响,并通过搭建的自适应光学系统平台可闭环校正此畸变。实验结果表明,闭环校正后,激光器的输出功率提高了近3倍,且激光光束质量得到了明显的改善。     

光纤干涉成像阵列全息相位校正研究

针对光纤传输和干涉成像阵列中的相位误差, 提出了一种基于特殊光子晶体的全息相位校正方法。首先分析了光纤干涉阵列成像的基本原理和相位信息的传输过程, 以一维线性阵列建立成像系统相位误差模型, 通过对参考光束和探测器前的快门交替打开和闭合, 来分别实现在晶体上写入由光纤阵列的出射光束与参考光束干涉形成的含有相位误差的光栅函数, 和光纤中出射光束被该光栅衍射和相位偏移以消除相位误差, 从理论上分析了上述基于光子晶体的全息法相位校正原理。最后采用所建立的含有相位误差的干涉阵列进行成像仿真, 对未加校正、采用本文方法和采用冗余基线校正的结果进行了对比分析。     

随机并行梯度下降湍流场光束净化的实时校正实验研究

自适应光学技术可用于补偿高能激光系统出射光束的波前畸变以改善光束质量.为研究随机并行梯度下降(SPGD)自适成光学方法用于光束净化的可行性,分别采用高速光电探测器和高速变形镜作为系统性能评价函数的测量器件和波前校正器件,搭建了迭代速率为100 Hz的SPGD自适应光学系统,并且对通电电阻丝产生的湍流所造成的动态波前畸变进行了实时校正.实验结果显示,此套自适应光学系统能够对在4 Hz以下频率范围内缓慢变化的动态波前畸变进行实时校正,针孔中远场光斑的能量提高2.2倍,稳定性提高1.4倍.这表明SPGD自适应光学系统用于光束净化是町行的.     

点衍射球面检测中的斜反射波前像差校正

针对高精度点衍射球面检测系统中金属反射介质的偏振效应,分析了不同偏振态光束在不同孔径角范围情况下所引入的斜反射波前像差.通过数值仿真,对金属反射介质所引入的斜反射相移曲线特征进行了分析,并以此为基础,提出了相应的斜反射波前像差校正方法.利用高精度球面检测中点衍射干涉仪对所提出的校正方法进行了实验验证,并给出了相关实验结...     

基于半导体制冷器的非均匀性校正

非均匀性是红外系统中影响图像质量的重要因素。为了更好地拟合探测器的响应曲线,充分发挥探测器的最佳性能,以获得良好的图像效果,在两点校正的理论基础上提出了一种更为实用的两点校正方法。通过单片机(MCU)控制半导体制冷器(TEC)以产生两个不同的校正温度点,系统分别读取在这两个温度点下所采集的两幅图像,利用两点校正算法计算探测器的响应率和暗电流。通过实验验证,这种校正算法实用,易于实现。     

Scattering correction method for panel detector based cone beam computed tomography system

<正>A scattering correction method for a panel detector based cone beam computed tomography system is presented. First,the x-ray spectrum of the system is acquired by using the Monte Carlo simulation method.Secondly,scattered photon distribution is calculated and stored as correction matrixes by using the Monte Carlo simulation method according to scanned objects and computed tomography system specialties.Thirdly,scattered photons are removed from projection data by correction matrixes.A comparison of reconstruction image between before and after scattering correction demonstrates that the scattering correction method is effective for the panel detector based cone beam computed tomography system.     

基于消失点检测算法的束靶红外图像畸变校正

传统的霍夫变换、Cannylines直线检测算法、霍夫概率变换方法在图像上的直线检测效果不佳,存在检测线段不连续不正确的问题,因而,利用Sobel滤波对红外图像横轴和纵轴两个方向分别进行锐化,通过线段检测(LSD)算法实现线段特征检测,进而经线段聚类拟合获得图像中完整的直线,通过对直线交点计算获得消失点,最后依据透视关系计算得到校正图像。实验结果表明,该方法可以实现对中性束红外图像的自动有效校正。     

高斯光束斜入射窄带滤光片的透射光强分布

基于多光束干涉原理,推导了高斯光束斜入射角度调谐窄带滤光片后的透射光强表达式.在此基础上研究了入射角对高斯光束的透射特性的影响.计算和实验结果表明：随着入射角的增大,透射光强的光斑会出现一定程度的展宽现象|当入射角度较小时,输出为单一光斑,但其光强峰值位置产生了一定的偏移,并不在呈现高斯分布|当入射角度较大时,输出则为一系列的离散光斑.     

Improving the spectral resolution of wedged etalons and linear variable filters with incidence angle

Compact spectrometers fabricated by placing a wedged etalon or a linear variable filter in front of a linear photodiode array typically do not exhibit the spectral resolution of a parallel filter of the same finesse. A theoretical analysis of the beam emerging from a wedged etalon is shown to predict a comalike aberration, explaining the loss in resolution. This analysis also predicts a focused beam waist whose axial position depends on the incidence angle, indicating that resolution can be improved by placing this waist on the detector. These results are experimentally confirmed in a multicavity linear variable filter to achieve 0.09 nm spectral resolution at 1550 nm.     

Switching non-local vector median filter

This paper describes a novel image filtering method that removes random-valued impulse noise superimposed on a natural color image. In impulse noise removal, it is essential to employ a switching-type filtering method, as used in the well-known switching median filter, to preserve the detail of an original image with good quality. In color image filtering, it is generally preferable to deal with the red (R), green (G), and blue (B) components of each pixel of a color image as elements of a vectorized signal, as in the well-known vector median filter, rather than as component-wise signals to prevent a color shift after filtering. By taking these fundamentals into consideration, we propose a switching-type vector median filter with non-local processing that mainly consists of a noise detector and a noise removal filter. Concretely, we propose a noise detector that proactively detects noise-corrupted pixels by focusing attention on the isolation tendencies of pixels of interest not in an input image but in difference images between RGB components. Furthermore, as the noise removal filter, we propose an extended version of the non-local median filter, we proposed previously for grayscale image processing, named the non-local vector median filter, which is designed for color image processing. The proposed method realizes a superior balance between the preservation of detail and impulse noise removal by proactive noise detection and non-local switching vector median filtering, respectively. The effectiveness and validity of the proposed method are verified in a series of experiments using natural color images.     

气泡数密度对尾流光束衰减测量的影响

为准确地测量出尾流气泡群的衰减,提高前向光尾流探测的可靠性,研究了气泡数密度对尾流光束衰减测量的影响.基于辐射传输方程的小角度近似解,得到了探测截面上的约化功率和漫射功率的表达式.根据测量条件,引入了有尾流气泡和无尾流气泡时探测截面上接收到的辐射功率之比作为透射函数,并进一步引进了复散射校正因子,它表征了复散射效应的强弱.针对典型的尾流气泡分布,通过数值计算得到了不同测量条件下气泡数密度与复散射校正因子、透射函数的关系.数值计算结果表明：复散射校正因子都随气泡数密度的增大单调的增大,透射函数都随气泡数密度的增大单调的减小;测量条件不同,气泡数密度对光束衰减的影响也不同.研究结果表明,给定测量条件和透射比时,利用小角度辐射方程可以得到气泡群数密度的量化信息.     

Der Einfluß des Winkelauflösungsvermögens auf die Messung totaler atomarer Streuquerschnitte

Molecular beam measurements of total scattering cross sections require a very high angular resolving power of the measuring apparatus, which is often not attainable to a sufficient degree for reasons of beam intensity. Consequently the measured cross sections need a correction. The problem becomes complicated, if, as is customary, the geometry of beam and detector has no rotational symmetry about the beam axis. In this paper the average detection probability η(Θ), as defined byKusch, is calculated for all common shapes of beam and detector. By use of the semiclassical differential cross section for an r^?6 potential, the correction to the total cross section is computed. At thermal energies and with an angular resolving power of about one minute of arc, the correction amounts to several percent and is therefore considerably greater than commonly assumed.     

一种新的基于场景的红外焦平面阵列非均匀性校正算法

设计了基于小波变换去噪、序列图像配准、正交最小二乘拟合的基于场景的非均匀性校正算法,该算法不仅能适应红外焦平面阵列非(IRFPA)均匀性随时间和环境变化而发生缓慢变化的情况,而且对一般基于场景分析的校正算法中形成的校正虚像也有很好的抑制作用.模拟实验结果验证了其有效性和先进性.