磷酸钾缓冲溶液与模型细胞膜相互作用的和频光谱

利用和频光谱技术详细研究了磷酸钾缓冲溶液与带负电荷的生物仿生膜(d₅₄-DMPG磷脂双层膜)相互作用的实时过程．通过监控CD₂、CD₃、磷脂分子头部的磷酸根以及羰基官能团的光谱信号随加入磷酸钾缓冲溶液的实时变化,获得了磷脂双层膜分子结构的动力学变化．结果表明K⁺能够结合到细胞膜上,并且很快地引起了CD₂、CD₃、磷脂头部磷酸根以及羰基官能团信号的变化．根据各官能团的和频信号响应,磷酸钾缓冲溶液很可能是通过在双层膜中形成环形气孔来与磷脂双层膜发生作用．该结果可以很好地解释磷酸钾缓冲溶液环境下的离子协助蛋白质的跨膜过程．     

4′-(对-胺苯基)-2,2′:6′,2′′-三联吡啶光物理性质

用稳态吸收和荧光光谱技术研究4′-(对-胺苯基)取代的三联吡啶配体(APT)分子在不同极性溶剂中的光谱和光物理性质. 在极性溶剂中APT分子存在着双荧光现象,它分别对应于局域激发态和分子内电荷转移态. APT分子的胺基N原子与醇类溶剂之间的氢键作用使该分子在质子性与非质子性溶剂中具有不同的线性关系. 此外,APT分子的三联吡啶部分与锌离子络合以及三联吡啶N4—N8—N14与甲醇分子形成氢键后,在低能区域出现新的吸收光谱带与荧光光谱带,表明在基态和激发态均形成了新的络合物. 时间分辨单光子计数技术测量的APT分子的荧光衰减过程,证明了APT分子的分子内电荷转移机制符合〝两态〞模型.     

拉曼光谱研究人参皂苷Rb1与DPPC双层膜的作用

为深入了解人参皂苷的分子药理学特性,阐明人参皂苷与细胞膜的作用机制,利用拉曼光谱从分子水平研究了不同浓度人参皂苷Rb1与DPPC(二棕榈酰磷脂酸胆碱)双层膜的作用.结果表明,人参皂苷Rb1没有改变DPPC的极性头部O-C-C-N+的稳定构象,极性头仍然平行于膜表面.并且,拉曼峰值比I1096/I1126/1096/I1062和I2848/I288/0随着药物浓度的增加而相应的变大,说明Rbl增加了烃链的无序度,增强了双层膜的流动性.由此推测该药物与DPPC的作用可能由于皂苷分子内及分子间的氢键与磷脂双层膜的极性头部相作用而停留在膜的表面.     

甲醇荧光光谱的量子分析

通过量子近似计算研究了甲醇的荧光光谱.将甲醇分子近似看成双原子分子,甲基和羟基分别为原子实,氧原子未共享电子对看成价电子.利用数值计算的方法对双原子分子电子能级差进行估算,得到电子能级差为一个仅与分子线度相关的函数.然后把C-O键长作为分子线度代入前面得到的函数中,算出甲醇分子主跃迁能级差,并将所得结果与实验值进行对比,误差仅为2.2%,理论计算与实验结果吻合.     

二氧化钛薄膜表面甲醇吸附的和频振动光谱

自行搭建了用于研究表面光催化的宽带红外和频振动光谱并可以原位紫外光激发的装置. 利用自制的结构紧凑小巧的高真空样品池,可以在10 kPa氧气氛围下经原位紫外光照除掉 射频磁控溅射制备的二氧化钛薄膜表面的有机污染物. 通过在室温下改变甲醇气压和指认吸附在薄膜表面的甲醇的和频振动光谱,发现薄膜表面有两种吸附的甲醇,分子形式吸附的甲醇(CH₃OH)和解离吸附的甲醇(CH₃O). 当甲醇的覆盖度由低变高时,分子形式吸附的甲醇的CH₃的对称伸缩振动和费米共振峰红移了6～8 cm^-1. 真空下,薄膜表面的甲氧基和表面的氢原子可以重新结合并以甲醇分子的形式脱附. 研究表明二氧化钛薄膜体系存在两个平衡：气相甲醇和表面吸附的甲醇分子之间,以及表面吸附的甲醇分子和甲氧基之间.     

反-4,4''-双(N,N-二丁胺基)二苯乙烯分子双光子吸收性质研究

对于实验室合成的反-4,4'-双(N,N-二丁胺基)二苯乙烯分子,实验测量了该分子的单光子和双光子荧光谱,然后从理论上研究了其单光子和双光子吸收特性.研究结果表明,在低能量范围内,分子的单光子吸收主要发生在分子的第一激发态,而分子的双光子吸收主要发生在分子的第二和第四激发态上.该分子在相应系列衍生物中具有最大的双光子吸收截面.分子的相关能对分子的激发态能量影响较大.我们给出了分子基态与电荷转移态的电荷转移过程,并从理论上定性解释了双光子聚合反应的聚合机理.     

2-（甲苯-4-磺酰胺基）-苯甲酸的结构、光谱与热力学性质的理论研究

在B3LYP/6-31++G^**水平对2-（甲苯-4-磺酰胺基）-苯甲酸分子进行几何构型优化和频率的计算,得到红外光谱,拉曼光谱和不同温度下的热力学性质.结果显示,该分子羧基的碳氧原子、磺酰胺基的氮原子与苯环形成不同的离域大π键,空间位阻效应和共轭效应使两个苯环不在同一平面,二面角为63.2°.使用含时密度泛函理论方法计算第一激发态的电子垂直跃迁能,得到最大吸收波长为312.7?nm,属于近紫外区,这与该分子在二氯甲烷溶剂中的实验测得值307?nm一致. 关键词： 2-（甲苯-4-磺酰胺基）-苯甲酸 光谱 热力学性质 密度泛函理论     

甲醇锂和乙醇锂拉曼光谱的密度泛函理论研究

前人研究证明在烷氧基锂(ROLi)中锂原子直接和氧原子相连而形成O-Li健,作者依此构造出甲醇锂和乙醇锂的分子构型.目前在实验和理论计算上都尚无对甲醇锂和乙醇锂分子的拉曼光谱的报道.文章用密度泛函珲论中的B3LYP混合泛函联合6-31G(d,p)基函数组进行了这两个分子的结构优化得到其平衡构型.基于此平衡构型计算出甲醇锂和乙醇锂的振动频率和拉曼光谱,对计算所得的振动频率进行了简正坐标分析,根据各频率的势能分布进行了全面的归属指认,旨在为用拉曼光谱技术研究和分析锂离子电池固体电解质膜(SEI膜)组分提供更多的理论依据.     

2-(2-羟基苯亚甲基)胺基-3-氰基吡啶的结构和光谱性质

实验以水杨醛、2-氨基-3-氰基吡啶为原料,合成了Schiff碱2-(2-羟基苯亚甲基)胺基-3-氰基吡啶并测定了Schiff碱的红外和拉曼光谱.利用密度泛函理论B3LYP方法在6-311++G~(**)基组上对合成的Schiff碱进行了几何构型的优化、红外光谱及拉曼光谱的计算,得到了分子的优势构象的结构参数、频率值及对应的强度.对实验和理论计算的光谱数据进行了对比,对分子的振动模式进行了全面归属,结果表明理论计算与实验测试数据相吻合.此外,还计算了其前线分子轨道,得到了HOMO-LUMO能隙相关的数据,为Schiff碱类化合物的结构分析和光谱检测技术提供了参考依据.     

磷脂酰胆碱SUV的NMR研究

磷脂酰胆碱(PC)是人和动物血液中大量存在的一类具有重要生物功能的磷脂,它和鞘磷脂一起形成了不同大小的密度脂蛋白,对血液中胆固醇等分子的转运和代谢起着至关重要的作用.脂蛋白中磷脂的组成和形态变化与某些疾病,如动脉粥样硬化、癌症和老年痴呆等的发生和发展密切相关,因此研究磷脂的组成形态将有助于明确磷脂的生物化学作用.该文采用一维(1D)和二维(2D)NMR技术对PC所形成的SUV(small unilamellar vesicle)结构进行了分析,通过对PC磷脂头部氮甲基的检测分析,发现PC所形成的SUV为较为稳定的双层结构,这表明通常的磷脂脂蛋白可能是一种双层膜结构,而非通常所认为的单层结构.     

The a-Type K = 0 Microwave Spectrum of the Methanol Dimer

The rotational spectrum of (CH₃OH)₂ has been observed in the region 4-22 GHz with pulsed-beam Fabry-Perot cavity Fourier-transform microwave spectrometers at NIST and at the University of Kiel. Each a-type R(J), K_a = 0 transition is split into 15 states by tunneling motions for (CH₃OH)₂, (¹³CH₃OH)₂, (CH₃OD)₂, (CD₃OH)₂, and (CD₃OH)₂. The preliminary analysis of the methyl internal rotation presented here was guided by the previously developed multidimensional tunneling theory which predicts 16 tunneling components for each R(J) transition from 25 distinct tunneling motions. Several isotopically mixed dimers of methanol have also been measured, namely ¹³CH₃OH, CH₃OD, CD₃OH, and CD₃OD bound to ¹²CH₃OH. Since the hydrogen bond interchange motion (which converts a donor into an acceptor) would produce a new and less favorable conformation from an energy viewpoint, it does not occur and only 10 tunneling components are observed for these mixed dimers. The structure of the complex is similar to that of water dimer with a hydrogen bond distance of 2.035 Å and a tilt of the acceptor methanol of 84° from the O-H-O axis. The effective barrier to internal rotation for the donor methyl group of (CH₃OH)₂ is ν₃ = 183.0 cm⁻¹ and is one-half of the value for the methanol monomer (370 cm⁻¹), while the barrier to internal rotation of the acceptor methyl group is 120 cm⁻¹.     

A review of optically pumped far-infrared laser lines from methanol isotopes

The technique of optical pumping in polar molecules is the most efficient for Far-Infrared (FIR) laser generation, providing also a versatile and powerful tool for molecular spectroscopy in this spectral region. Methanol (CH₃OH) and its isotopic varieties are the best media for optically pumped FIR laser, with over thousand lines observed, and the most widely used for investigations and applications. In this sense, it is important organize and make available catalogues of FIR laser lines as complete as possible. Since the last critical reviews of 1984 [1] on methanol and its isotopic varieties [2,3,4], over hundred papers have been published dealing with hundreds of new FIR laser lines. In 1992 a review of FIR laser lines from CH₃OH was presented [5]. In this communication we extend this work to the other methanol isotopes, namely CH₃OD, CD₃OH, CD₃OD,¹³CH₃OH,¹³CD₃OH,¹³CD₃OD, CH₃ ¹⁸OH, CH₂DOH, CHD₂OH and CH₂DOD.Work supported by FAPESP, CNPq, FAEP-Brasil, and CNR-Italia     

Strong-field Fourier transform vibrational spectroscopy of methanol cation and its isotopologues using few-cycle near-infrared laser pulses

ABSTRACT

Pump-probe measurements of methanol and its isotopologues (CH₃OH, CH₃OD and CD₃OH) were performed using near-infrared few-cycle intense laser pulses. The yields of the parent ion and the fragment ions oscillate as a function of the pump-probe time delay, reflecting the time evolution of the vibrational wave packet created in methanol and methanol cation by the pump pulse. By the Fourier transform (FT) of the time-domain data, the vibrational mode frequencies of methanol and methanol cations were determined on the basis of the assignment of the peak profiles in the FT spectra made using their relative phases and the theoretical vibrational frequencies and potential energy distributions.     

Far infrared laser lines produced by methanol and its isotopic species: A review

Methanol (CH₃OH) is considered today one of the most important active media for the generation of laser radiation in the far-infrared (FIR) spectral region. Together with ten of its other isotopic species, it is responsible for the major part of the laser lines generated by the optical pumping technique. Due to the extreme importance of those molecules as laser generators, we understood that there was a necessity of a comprehensive work which would include as much pratical information as possible about each line.Chang et al⁽¹⁾ early recognized methanol as a source of strong FIR laser lines. Since then, more than 100 papers were published containing information about new laser emission. Recently, Moruzzi et al⁽¹¹⁴⁾ presented a review of 575 lines produced by¹²CH₃OH. In the present paper, we have extended the review to the various isotopic modifications of this molecule (namely¹³CH₃OH, CD₃OH,¹³CD₃OH, CD₃OD,¹³CD₃OD, CH₃OD, CH ₃ ¹⁸ OH, CH₂DOH, CH₂DOD and CHD₂OH), a total of nearly 2000 lines with wavelengths ranging from 19µm to 3030µm.     

An experimental approach to the analysis of electric field gradients in ionic crystals

The spectrum of a partially oriented sample of ethanol has been analysed by making use of the simpler spectra obtained from the species CD₃CH₂OH and CH₃CD₂OH, together with ¹H?{²H} double resonance. With p-ethoxy-benzylidene-p-n-butylaniline (EBBA) as the nematic solvent the dipolar couplings of CH₃ and CH₂ protons with the OH proton can be observed, and their magnitudes are compared with values calculated assuming different models for C-O-H internal rotation. Information on the quadrupole coupling constant tensor elements for CD₃ and CD₂ deuterium nuclei is obtained.     

New spectral assignment of n‐propanol in the C―H stretching region

The C―H stretching vibration serves as an important probe for characterizing molecular structures and properties of hydrocarbons. In this work, we present a detailed study on gas‐phase Raman spectrum of n‐propanol in the C―H stretching region using stimulated photoacoustic Raman spectroscopy. A complete assignment was carried out with the aid of quantum chemistry calculations and depolarization ratio measurement as well as isotope substitutions, i.e. CH₃CD₂CD₂OH, CD₃CH₂CD₂OH and CD₃CD₂CH₂OH. It is shown that the spectra of three C―H groups of n‐propanol overlap each other because of Fermi resonance coupling and different molecular conformations, leading to complex features that were not determined previously. In addition, the comparisons between the spectra of three isotopologues reveal that the C―H vibrations at different sites of carbon chain exhibit different sensitivity to conformational change of n‐propanol. The CH₃ stretching vibration at terminated γ‐carbon is not sensitive whereas the CH₂ stretching vibrations at both α‐carbon and β‐carbon atoms are sensitive. Furthermore, Raman spectra of liquid propanol recorded by conventional spontaneous Raman technique are reassigned on the basis of gas‐phase analysis. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Discovery and frequency measurement of short-wavelength far-infrared laser emissions from optically pumped <Superscript>13</Superscript>CD<Subscript>3</Subscript>OH and CHD<Subscript>2</Subscript>OH

A three-laser heterodyne system was used to measure the frequencies of twelve previously observed far-infrared laser emissions from the partially deuterated methanol isotopologues ¹³CD₃OH and CHD₂OH. Two laser emissions, a 53.773 μm line from ¹³CD₃OH and a 74.939 μm line from CHD₂OH, have also been discovered and frequency measured. The CO₂ pump laser offset frequency was measured with respect to its center frequency for twenty-four FIR laser emissions from CH₃OH, ¹³CD₃OH and CHD₂OH. PACS 07.57.Hm; 42.55.Lt; 42.62.Eh     

Harmonic Frequencies and Potential Energy Distributions of Partially Deuterated Methyl Cyanide

Although the vibrational spectra and force constants of CH₃CN and CD₃CN have been thoroughly studied, partially deuterated methyl cyanide has received much less attention. The infrared spectrum of CD₂HCN has only recently been reported1 and that of CH2DCN has not yet appeared. Normal coordinate analysis for neither partially deuterated species has appeared. We report here harmonic frequencies and potential energy distributions for both partially deuterated methyl cyanide species, CH₂DCN and CD₂HCN, based on force fields and structural parameters from CH₃CN and CD₃CN. The calculated frequencies for CD₂HCN are compared with the observed infrared frequencies. The vibrational interaction of the relatively high CN stretching frequency and the CD stretching frequencies is also discussed.