二阶随机占优约束下考虑偏度的投资组合模型

在DentchevaRuszczynski(2006)模型的基础上,考虑偏度对构建投资组合的影响,建立了二阶随机占优约束下最大化组合收益率偏度的投资组合优化模型,并应用分段线性近似方法将模型转化为一个非线性混合整数规划问题.利用中国股票市场的历史数据对所建模型进行了实证分析,结果表明,所建新模型比均值-方差-偏度模型和市场指数具有更稳健的表现.     

含有交易成本的均值-方差-偏度资产组合优化模型

提出了含有交易成本的均值 -方差 -偏度资产组合优化模型 ;结合一个非对称性收益分布的具体例子 ,对模型做了灵敏度分析 .     

贷款组合的“均值-方差-偏度”三因素优化模型

以银行各项资产组合收益率最大化为目标函数,以收益率偏度大于零控制银行重大损失发生的概率,以组合风险价值VaR风险限额为约束条件控制资产组合风险的大小,建立了贷款组合的"均值-方差-偏度"三因素优化模型.本模型的创新与特色一是通过偏度约束减少了组合收益率小于其均值的可能性,并增加了组合收益率大于其均值的概率.这在均值-方差模型的基础上,增加了偏度参数,建立了收益率均值-方差-偏度模型,开拓了资产组合优化的新思路.二是以组合风险价值VaR建立了约束条件,通过在一定置信水平下的最大损失限额来制约贷款组合的违约风险,使贷款配给的风险限定在银行的承受能力和贷款准备金的范围之内,解决了整体风险的控制问题.     

基于模糊收益率的养老保险基金投资研究

结合中国养老保险基金投资现状,考虑预期收益率是模糊数的情形,利用可能性均值和可能性方差作为投资组合的预期收益率和风险,建立均值-方差组合投资模型.最后,利用lingo软件进行数值分析,表明此模型具有一定的实际应用价值.     

摩擦市场的均值-离差证券组合选择模型

本文给出了基于历史收益率数据的均值 -平均绝对离差型证券组合投资模型 .该模型采用收益的平均绝对离差作为风险的尺度 ,可以通过求解线性规划来获的摩擦市场 (如具有税收和交易费 )最优投资组合 ,避免了均值 -方差模型求解二次规划的复杂性 .     

考虑背景风险和流动性的模糊投资组合模型

利用投资收益率的二阶矩作为风险度量函数,建立了考虑背景风险和流动性的模糊投资组合模型.在满足预设收益率、换手率可能性均值要求水平以及风险资产的投资比例等约束条件下,使投资收益的二阶矩最小.最后选取中证100指数成分股中部分股票的历史数据进行数值分析,证明了该模型符合“高收益、高风险”的规律,说明该模型适用于实际金融市场.而且使用二阶矩代替方差作为风险度量函数,克服了方差计算复杂的缺陷,简化了模糊投资组合求解问题.     

限制卖空的不确定多阶段均值-绝对偏差投资组合决策

为了处理主观不确定性,本文运用模糊不确定性来衡量投资组合收益率的均值和绝对偏差。考虑一系现实约束条件,构建了限制卖空的不确定多阶段均值-绝对偏差的投资组合模型,并运用离散近似迭代法求解。通过实证研究分别对风险资产卖空比例、风险值和熵值进行灵敏性分析,验证模型和算法的有效性。     

带有梯形模糊数的均值-方差投资组合模型比较分析

采用梯形模糊数来描述证券的收益率,并建立基于梯形模糊数的收益最大化单目标均值-方差模型、风险最小化单目标均值-方差模型、和收益最大化风险最小化的双目标均值-方差模型.对上述三种模型进行实例分析,讨论投资比例系数上界为1和0.7两种不同情况下三种模型的对比,进而证明模型的可行性以及分析不同模型之间的差异性.     

具有投资限制的风险资产模糊随机投资组合模型

研究了模糊随机环境下风险资产投资组合选择问题.利用模糊随机变量刻画风险资产的收益率,建立了具有投资限制的风险资产投资组合选择的一般模糊随机均值-方差模型,该模型包括了是否允许卖空及具有投资比例下界约束的情况.在此基础上,提出了具有梯形模糊随机收益率的具体投资组合优化模型,这些模型能够转化为二次规划问题求解.最后,利用上证50指数中的9种股票对模型进行了实证分析,结果表明模型能够有效分散非系统性风险.     

一种改进的投资组合模型的算法和实证分析

目前,在Markowitz的均值-方差模型基础上对含有偏度和交易成本模型的研究较少,结合国内市场数据进行研究并做出三维投资组合有效前沿图像的成果更少。在建立两种在交易成本约束条件下以方差和偏度的线性组合为目标函数的最优投资组合模型之后,利用线性函数逼近,将模型转换成线性规划问题,而且这种逼近程度可以控制。用单纯形法求解以得到最优投资组合。利用国内八个上市公司的数据进行实证分析,做出了三维投资组合近似有效前沿图像,并讨论了目标函数最优值和参数的关系。可以发现,目标函数是期望r和参数m的增函数。     

Mean-variance-skewness model for portfolio selection with fuzzy returns

Numerous empirical studies show that portfolio returns are generally asymmetric, and investors would prefer a portfolio return with larger degree of asymmetry when the mean value and variance are same. In order to measure the asymmetry of fuzzy portfolio return, a concept of skewness is defined as the third central moment in this paper, and its mathematical properties are studied. As an extension of the fuzzy mean-variance model, a mean-variance-skewness model is presented and the corresponding variations are also considered. In order to solve the proposed models, a genetic algorithm integrating fuzzy simulation is designed. Finally, several numerical examples are given to illustrate the modelling idea and the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm.     

Mean-risk-skewness models for portfolio optimization based on uncertain measure

Numerous empirical studies show that portfolio returns are generally asymmetric. In this paper, skewness is considered to measure the asymmetry of portfolio returns and a mean-risk-skewness model for portfolio selection will be proposed in uncertain environment. Here, the returns of the securities are regarded as uncertain variables which are estimated by experienced experts instead of historical data. Furthermore, the corresponding variations and crisp forms of the model are considered. To solve the proposed optimization models, a hybrid intelligent algorithm is designed. Finally, the feasibility and necessity of the hybrid intelligent algorithm and the application of the proposed models are illustrated by two numerical examples.     

A Robust Measure of Skewness

The asymmetry of a univariate continuous distribution is commonly measured by the classical skewness coefficient. Because this estimator is based on the first three moments of the dataset, it is strongly affected by the presence of one or more outliers. This article investigates the medcouple, a robust alternative to the classical skewness coefficient. We show that it has a 25% breakdown value and a bounded influence function. We present a fast algorithm for its computation, and investigate its finite-sample behavior through simulated and real datasets.     

基于倾斜-t Copula的半参数马尔可夫链

在不指定时间序列结构的情况下,我们的分布模型是基于多变量离散时间的相应马尔可夫族和相关变量一维的边际分布.这样的模型可以同时处理时间序列之间的相互依赖和每个时间序列沿时间方向的依赖.具体的参数copula被指定为倾斜-t. 倾斜-t Copla能够处理不对称,偏斜和粗尾的数据分布.三个股票指数日均收益的实证研究表明,倾斜-t copula的马尔可夫模型要比以下模型更好:倾斜正态Copula马可夫, t-copula马可夫, 倾斜-t copula但无马尔可夫特性.     

The space fractional diffusion equation with Feller’s operator

This paper investigates the space fractional diffusion equation with fractional Feller’s operator. The Green’s function is obtained by using Fourier transform, and the analytical solutions of some space fractional diffusion equations with initial (or initial and boundary) condition are obtained in terms of Green’s function. In addition, numerical simulations are discussed. The results indicate that the effect range of skewness parameter θ has more effect on probability density than that of parameter α. The results also explain the property of the skewness and long tail in the asymmetry diffusion process.     

On a measure of multivariate skewness and a test for multivariate normality

Summary We consider an extension of Pearson measure of skewness to a multivariate case and apply the proposed measure to a test of multivariate normality.     

Skewness Term-Structure Tests

In this paper, we conduct skewness term-structure tests to check whether the temporal structure of risk-neutral skewness is consistent with rational expectations. Because risk-neutral skewness is substantially mean reverting, skewness shocks should decay quickly and risk-neutral skewness of more distant option should display the rationally expected smoothing behaviour. Using an equilibrium asset and option-pricing model in a production economy under jump diffusion with stochastic jump intensity, we derive this elasticity analytically. In an empirical application of the model using more than 20 years of data on S&P500 index options, we find that this elasticity turns out to be different than suggested under rational expectations – smaller on the short end (underreaction) and larger on the long end (overreaction) of the ‘skewness curve’.     

Portfolio performance evaluation in a mean–variance–skewness framework

Astronomical amounts of money are being invested in financial markets. Consequently the evaluation of portfolio performance has created a great deal of interest among practitioners as well as academic researchers. The literature suggests that portfolio efficiency based on mean–variance–skewness is more desirable than the one based on mean–variance. However, there are no well-established procedures to measure efficiency in this framework, mainly due to the computational difficulties. The aim of this paper is to develop a portfolio performance measure based on mean–variance–skewness framework by utilizing a non-parametric efficiency analysis tool, namely ‘Data Envelopment Analysis’.     

Asset pricing and portfolio selection based on the multivariate extended skew-Student-<Emphasis Type="Italic">t</Emphasis> distribution

The returns on most financial assets exhibit kurtosis and many also have probability distributions that possess skewness as well. In this paper a general multivariate model for the probability distribution of assets returns, which incorporates both kurtosis and skewness, is described. It is based on the multivariate extended skew-Student-t distribution. Salient features of the distribution are described and these are applied to the task of asset pricing. The paper shows that the market model is non-linear in general and that the sensitivity of asset returns to return on the market portfolio is not the same as the conventional beta, although this measure does arise in special cases. It is shown that the variance of asset returns is time varying and depends on the squared deviation of market portfolio return from its location parameter. The first order conditions for portfolio selection are described. Expected utility maximisers will select portfolios from an efficient surface, which is an analogue of the familiar mean-variance frontier, and which may be implemented using quadratic programming.     

Temporal aggregation of Markov‐switching financial return models

In this paper we investigate the effects of temporal aggregation of a class of Markov‐switching models known as Markov‐switching normal (MSN) models. The growing popularity of the MSN processes in modelling financial returns can be attributed to their inherited flexibility characteristics, allowing for heteroscedasticity, asymmetry and excess kurtosis. The distributions of the process described by the basic MSN model and the model of the corresponding temporal aggregate data are derived. They belong to a general class of mixture normal distributions. The limiting behaviour of the aggregated MSN model, as the order of aggregation tends to infinity, is studied. We provide explicit formulae for the volatility, autocovariance, skewness and kurtosis of the aggregated processes. An application of measuring solvency risk with MSN models for horizons larger than 1 year and up to 10 years from the baseline U.S. S&P 500 stock market total return time series spanning about 50 years is given. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.