推广的半绝对离差和动态投资组合选择

在标准的Black－Scholes型金融市场下，建立了以推广的半绝对离差（Extended Semi－Absolute Deviation；ESAD）度量风险的动态均值-ESAD投资组合选择模型，研究了模型的求解方法，得到了最优投资组合策略和均值-ESAD有效前沿的解析表达式．同时，与动态均值-方差模型作了比较分析．最后，结合实例说明了模型的求解方法．     

不同风险度量方法的投资组合比较研究

为了验证投资组合理论在中国证券市场的有效性,在不允许卖空情况,针对不同风险度量方法,文章运用旋转算法或结合序列二次规划法分别求解均值-方差、均值-下半方差投资组合模型、均值-半绝对偏差、均值-平均绝对偏差和均值-VaR.文章选取三年沪市六只业绩比较好的股票,依据前两年的数据作为样本数据,分别求出五个模型在不同期望收益率下的最优投资策略,将得出的最优投资策略应用到最后一年,进行模拟投资,从而计算出各模型的总收益率.以等比例投资为标准,比较五个模型的绩效.最后,证明了两个模型对于中国证券市场是适用.     

具有交易成本的多阶段M-AAD模糊投资组合优化

考虑交易成本、交易量的阀值约束和熵约束,提出均值-平均绝对偏差(M-AAD)多阶段的模糊投资组合模型。模型中的收益水平由模糊收益的均值确定,其风险水平由模糊收益的绝对偏差确定,熵度量投资组合的多样化程度。由于存在交易成本,该模型是一个具有路径依赖性的动态优化问题。提出离散近似迭代法求解。最后,以具体的算例比较不同熵约束下最优投资组合策略,并验证模型的算法和有效性。     

均值-半绝对偏差区间投资组合绩效评价

本文构建了考虑现实约束的均值-半绝对偏差区间投资组合优化模型。由于存在实际投资约束,如交易成本、交易量限制和借款限制,投资组合优化模型相对复杂,不易获得真实前沿面的解析解,使得投资组合理论的应用难度加大。为了求解模型,引入DEA方法,构建均值-半绝对偏差区间投资组合DEA评价模型,通过构造前沿面来逼近真实前沿面。最后,使用上海证券市场的实际数据验证了本文方法的合理性与可行性。     

限制卖空的不确定多阶段均值-绝对偏差投资组合决策

为了处理主观不确定性,本文运用模糊不确定性来衡量投资组合收益率的均值和绝对偏差。考虑一系现实约束条件,构建了限制卖空的不确定多阶段均值-绝对偏差的投资组合模型,并运用离散近似迭代法求解。通过实证研究分别对风险资产卖空比例、风险值和熵值进行灵敏性分析,验证模型和算法的有效性。     

证券组合投资的动态模型研究

本文利用方差和绝对离差这两个风险度量指标 ,分别建立了证券组合投资的动态模型 ,并给出其解法 .从而使模型更符合实际 ,有利于实施最佳的组合投资的策略 .     

离散线性投资组合模型的分枝定界算法

本文提出了一类新的带整数交易手数和凹型交易费用的均值绝对偏差模型(MAD)和极大极小投资组合模型(Minmax),并给出了离散模型的分枝定界算法.我们分别用随机产生的数据和Nasdaq股票市场的真实数据进行了数值实验,数值分析表明在一定的收益水平下均值绝对偏差离散模型风险控制上优于极大极小投资组合离散模型,而计算效率上极大极小投资组合离散模型优于期望绝对偏差离散模型.     

组合证券投资优化模型的比较研究

本文给出基于历史收益率数据的均值一极差和均值一离差型组合证券投资优化模型,并用实例对两模型的结果进行比较。     

可信性均值-绝对偏差投资组合优化

为了度量金融市场的不确定性,本文引入了模糊变量。假设资产收益率为模糊数,分别运用可信性均值和可信性绝对偏差度量投资组合的收益与风险。考虑到投资者偏好,分别提出了以收益最大化的均值-绝对偏差优化模型和以风险最小化的优化模型。基于可信性理论,将上述模型转化为线性规划问题,并运用旋转算法求解。通过实证研究,证明了该算法的有效性,并比较了两个模型在实际投资决策过程中的效率。结果表明,以收益最大化的均值-绝对偏差优化模型效率优于风险最小的优化模型。     

均值-方差-近似偏度投资组合模型和实证分析

均值-方差投资组合模型作为现代投资组合理论的基础, 采用方差作为风险度量,但忽略了投资组合收益的非对称性. 而考虑收益非对称性的基于偏度的投资组合模型由于非凸和非二次性 使模型难以求解. 本文提出用上下半方差的比值近似刻画偏度, 建立了均值-方差-近似偏度(MVAS）模型,并利用该模型对中国证券市场主要股票指数进行实证分析. 实证分析结果表明, 在收益率非正态分布的市场中,考虑了收益率非对称性的投资组合模型较传统的MV和MAD模型具有更优的表现.     

Dynamic portfolio optimization with risk control for absolute deviation model

In this paper, we present a new multiperiod portfolio selection with maximum absolute deviation model. The investor is assumed to seek an investment strategy to maximize his/her terminal wealth and minimize the risk. One typical feature is that the absolute deviation is employed as risk measure instead of classical mean variance method. Furthermore, risk control is considered in every period for the new model. An analytical optimal strategy is obtained in a closed form via dynamic programming method. Algorithm with some examples is also presented to illustrate the application of this model.     

A new risk criterion in fuzzy environment and its application

Since the observed values of security returns in real-world problems are sometimes imprecise or vague, an increasing effort in research is devoted to study the properties of risk measures in fuzzy portfolio optimization problems. In this paper, a new risk measure is suggested to gauge the risk resulted from fuzzy uncertainty. For this purpose, the absolute deviation and absolute semi-deviation are first defined for fuzzy variable by nonlinear fuzzy integrals. To compute effectively the absolute semi-deviations of single fuzzy variable as well as its functions, this paper discusses the methods of computing the absolute semi-deviation by classical Lebesgue–Stieltjes (L–S) integral. After that, several useful absolute deviation and absolute semi-deviation formulas are established for common triangular, trapezoidal and normal fuzzy variables. Applying the absolute semi-deviation as a new risk measure in portfolio optimization, three classes of fuzzy portfolio optimization models are developed by combining the absolute semi-deviation with expected value operator and credibility measure. Based on the analytical representation of absolute semi-deviations, the established fuzzy portfolio selection models can be turned into their equivalent piecewise linear or fractional programming problems. Since the absolute semi-deviation is a piecewise fractional function and pseudo-convex on the feasible subregions of deterministic programming models, we take advantage of the structural characteristics to design a domain decomposition method to separate a deterministic programming problem into three convex subproblems, which can be solved by conventional solution methods or general-purpose software. Finally, some numerical experiments are performed to demonstrate the new modeling idea and the effectiveness of the solution method.     

Optimal portfolios using linear programming models

The classical quadratic programming (QP) formulation of the well-known portfolio selection problem has traditionally been regarded as cumbersome and time consuming. This paper formulates two additional models: (i) maximin, and (ii) minimization of mean absolute deviation. Data from 67 securities over 48 months are used to examine to what extent all three formulations provide similar portfolios. As expected, the maximin formulation yields the highest return and risk, while the QP formulation provides the lowest risk and return, which also creates the efficient frontier. The minimization of mean absolute deviation is close to the QP formulation. When the expected returns are confronted with the true ones at the end of a 6-month period, the maximin portfolios seem to be the most robust of all.     

On Extending the LP Computable Risk Measures to Account Downside Risk

A mathematical model of portfolio optimization is usually quantified with mean-risk models offering a lucid form of two criteria with possible trade-off analysis. In the classical Markowitz model the risk is measured by a variance, thus resulting in a quadratic programming model. Following Sharpe’s work on linear approximation to the mean-variance model, many attempts have been made to linearize the portfolio optimization problem. There were introduced several alternative risk measures which are computationally attractive as (for discrete random variables) they result in solving linear programming (LP) problems. Typical LP computable risk measures, like the mean absolute deviation (MAD) or the Gini’s mean absolute difference (GMD) are symmetric with respect to the below-mean and over-mean performances. The paper shows how the measures can be further combined to extend their modeling capabilities with respect to enhancement of the below-mean downside risk aversion. The relations of the below-mean downside stochastic dominance are formally introduced and the corresponding techniques to enhance risk measures are derived.The resulting mean-risk models generate efficient solutions with respect to second degree stochastic dominance, while at the same time preserving simplicity and LP computability of the original models. The models are tested on real-life historical data.The research was supported by the grant PBZ-KBN-016/P03/99 from The State Committee for Scientific Research.     

破产控制约束下组合投资:两阶段MiniMax模型

以绝对偏差函数作为风险测度,考虑不允许卖空约束条件下基于MiniMax的多期证券组合选择问题。为了避免在投资周期内破产事件的发生,增加了风险控制约束。利用动态规划和拉格朗日乘子法,给出了两阶段MiniMax投资组合模型最优解析策略。本文所提出策略可以为需要同时资产管理和破产控制的投资者提供决策依据。     

具有熵约束的多阶段均值—绝对偏差模糊投资组合决策

文章运用可能性绝对偏差和比例熵分别度量风险和分散化程度,提出了具有风险控制和线性交易成本的终期财富最大化的多阶段模糊投资组合模型。运用可能理论,将该模型转化为显示的非线性动态优化问题。由于投资过程存在交易成本,上述模型为具有路径依赖性的动态优化问题。文章提出了前向动态规划方法求解。最后, 通过实证研究比较了不同熵的取值投资组合最优投资比例和最终财富的变化。     

Choosing the best set of variables in regression analysis using integer programming

This paper is concerned with an algorithm for selecting the best set of s variables out of k(> s) candidate variables in a multiple linear regression model. We employ absolute deviation as the measure of deviation and solve the resulting optimization problem by using 0-1 integer programming methodologies. In addition, we will propose a heuristic algorithm to obtain a close to optimal set of variables in terms of squared deviation. Computational results show that this method is practical and reliable for determining the best set of variables.     

基于多目标规划法的模糊线性回归分析

讨论输入、输出均为模糊数,回归系数为实数时的模糊线性回归分析。由于模糊最小二乘线性回归容易受异常值的影响,而最小一乘法能有效地降低回归模型的误差。为此,基于最小一乘法,建立多目标规划模型并将其转化为非线性规划问题进行求解,从而实现模糊线性回归模型的参数估计。最后,结合一个数值实例,验证和比较该方法的合理性和优越性。     

Twenty years of linear programming based portfolio optimization

Markowitz formulated the portfolio optimization problem through two criteria: the expected return and the risk, as a measure of the variability of the return. The classical Markowitz model uses the variance as the risk measure and is a quadratic programming problem. Many attempts have been made to linearize the portfolio optimization problem. Several different risk measures have been proposed which are computationally attractive as (for discrete random variables) they give rise to linear programming (LP) problems. About twenty years ago, the mean absolute deviation (MAD) model drew a lot of attention resulting in much research and speeding up development of other LP models. Further, the LP models based on the conditional value at risk (CVaR) have a great impact on new developments in portfolio optimization during the first decade of the 21st century. The LP solvability may become relevant for real-life decisions when portfolios have to meet side constraints and take into account transaction costs or when large size instances have to be solved. In this paper we review the variety of LP solvable portfolio optimization models presented in the literature, the real features that have been modeled and the solution approaches to the resulting models, in most of the cases mixed integer linear programming (MILP) models. We also discuss the impact of the inclusion of the real features.     

Bounds on mean absolute deviation portfolios under interval-valued expected future asset returns

Computational Management Science - This work concerns a suitable range of optimal portfolio compositions as well as their optimal returns in the mean absolute deviation portfolio selection model...