On first-order discrete boundary value problems

This article analyzes a nonlinear system of first-order difference equations with periodic and non-periodic boundary conditions. Some sufficient conditions are presented under which: potential solutions to the equations will satisfy certain a priori bounds; and the equations will admit at least one solution. The methods involve new dynamic inequalities and use of Brouwer degree theory. The new results are compared with those featuring in the theory of solutions to boundary value problems for differential equations.     

一类二阶常微分方程边值问题的多重解

本文利用变分原理和Z2不变群指标研究了一类二阶常微分方程奇异边值问题的多重解,得出了这类解个数的下界估计.     

Variational Properties of the Solutions for Second-Order Differential Equations and Systems on Semi-Line

In this article, an abstract theory regarding variational properties of the fixed points of contractions and Perov contractions is applied to boundary value problems on semi-line for second-order differential equations and systems. The main result states that under suitable conditions the unique solution of such a system is a Nash-type equilibrium of the corresponding energy functionals.     

Regular Sturm - Liouville Problems Whose Coefficients Depend Rationally on the Eigenvalue Parameter

In this note we consider regular Sturm-Liouville equations with a floating singularity of a special type: the coefficient of the second order derivative contains the eigenvalue parameter. We determine the form of the boundary conditions which make the problem selfadjoint after linearizing. In general the boundary conditions for the linearized system give rise to boundary conditions which involve the eigenvalue parameter in the original, non-linearized, problem. The boundary conditions give rise to a 2 × 2 matrix function, the so-called Titchmarsh-Weyl coefficient. The characteristic properties of this function are studied. The formal aspects of the theory of this class of equations turn out to be quite parallel to those for the usual situation when there is no floating singularity.     

On the solution of elliptic partial differential equations on regions with corners II: Detailed analysis

In this paper we investigate the solution of boundary value problems on polygonal domains for elliptic partial differential equations. Previously, we observed that when the boundary value problems are formulated as boundary integral equations of classical potential theory, the solutions are representable by series of elementary functions, to arbitrary order, for all but finitely many values of the angles. Here, we extend this observation to all values of the angles. We show that the solutions near corners are representable, to arbitrary order, by linear combinations of certain non-integer powers and non-integer powers multiplied by logarithms.     

Existence of solutions to first-order periodic boundary value problems

This article investigates the existence of solutions to boundary value problems (BVPs) involving systems of first-order ordinary differential equations and two-point, periodic boundary conditions. The methods involve novel differential inequalities and fixed-point theory to yield new theorems guaranteeing the existence of at least one solution.     

Large time behavior of solutions to parabolic equations with Neumann boundary conditions

In this paper we are interested in the large time behavior as t→+∞ of the viscosity solutions of parabolic equations with nonlinear Neumann type boundary conditions in connection with ergodic boundary problems which have been recently studied by Barles and the author in [G. Barles, F. Da Lio, On the boundary ergodic problem for fully nonlinear equations in bounded domains with general nonlinear Neumann boundary conditions, Ann. Inst. H. Poincaré Anal. Non Linèaire 22 (5) (2005) 521-541].     

Moving boundary value problems for the wave equation

We study certain boundary value problems for the one-dimensional wave equation posed in a time-dependent domain. The approach we propose is based on a general transform method for solving boundary value problems for integrable nonlinear PDE in two variables, that has been applied extensively to the study of linear parabolic and elliptic equations. Here we analyse the wave equation as a simple illustrative example to discuss the particular features of this method in the context of linear hyperbolic PDEs, which have not been studied before in this framework.     

Elliptic operators, conormal derivatives and positive parts of functions (with an appendix by Haïm Brezis)

Haïm Brezis and Augusto Ponce introduced and studied several extensions of Kato's inequality, in particular Kato's inequalities up to the boundary involving the Laplacian and the normal derivative of the positive part of a W1,1 function in a smooth domain [H. Brezis, A.C. Ponce, Kato's inequality when Δu is a measure, C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris Sér. I 338 (2004) 599-604; H. Brezis, A.C. Ponce, Kato's inequality up to the boundary, Commun. Contemp. Math. 10 (2008) 1217-1241]. Using potential theoretic methods we answer here some questions raised in [H. Brezis, A.C. Ponce, Kato's inequality up to the boundary, Commun. Contemp. Math. 10 (2008) 1217-1241] about the relations between the normal derivative of a function u and the normal derivative of its positive part u₊. The results apply to a large class of domains and elliptic operators in divergence form and finally an expression of the normal derivative of a function of u is given. In the final appendix, H. Brezis solves an old question of J. Serrin about pathological solutions of certain elliptic equations [J. Serrin, Pathological solutions of elliptic differential equations, Ann. Sc. Norm. Super. Pisa (3) 18 (1964) 385-387]. This is used in the paper to extend the first version of our main result.     

Boundary regularity for Maxwell's equations with applications to shape optimization

The dynamic Maxwell equations with a strictly dissipative boundary condition is considered. Sharp trace regularity for the electric and the magnetic field are established for both: weak and differentiable solutions. As an application a shape optimization problem for Maxwell's equations is considered. In order to characterize the shape derivative as a solution to a boundary value problem, the aforementioned sharp regularity of the boundary traces is critical.     

Resolvent growth and Birkhoff-regularity

We prove a long standing conjecture in the theory of two-point boundary value problems that unconditional basisness implies Birkhoff-regularity. It is a corollary of our two main results: minimal resolvent growth along a sequence of points implies nonvanishing of a regularity determinant, and sparseness of nth-order roots of eigenvalues in small sectors provided that eigen and associated functions of the boundary value problem form an unconditional basis.Considerations are based on a new direct method, exploiting almost orthogonality of Birkhoff's solutions of the equation l(y)=λy. This property was discovered earlier by the author.     

Banach空间中高阶常微分方程初边值问题的可解性

利用基于度理论的不动点定理,该文给出了Ｂａｎａｃｈ空间中ｎ阶常微分方程的初、边值问题有解的某些充分条件,同时证明了一类最大最小解的存在性．推广了现有文献中的某些结果．     

Existence of solutions to boundary value problems for dynamic systems on time scales

Here, we investigate systems of boundary value problems for dynamic equations on time scales. Using a generalized relationship between the boundary conditions and a certain subset of the solution space, the existence of solutions is established through topological arguments. The main tools used are Leray-Schauder and Brouwer degree theory.     

A reliable treatment of singular Emden-Fowler initial value problems and boundary value problems

In this paper, the variational iteration method (VIM) is used to study the singular Emden-Fowler initial value problems and boundary value problems arising in physics and astrophysics. The VIM overcomes the singularity at the origin. The Lagrange multipliers for all cases of the equations are determined. The work is supported by analyzing few initial value problems and boundary value problems where the convergence of the results is emphasized.     

On the convergence of the collocation method for nonlinear boundary integral equations

Recently, Galerkin and collocation methods have been analysed for some nonlinear boundary integral equations. For the collocation method it has been assumed that the nonlinearity is asymptotically linear. In this paper we remove this restriction. We shall prove the convergence of the collocation method for nonlinear boundary integral equations, when the nonlinearity has a polynomial growth condition. In addition to this the optimal order error estimates follow in L^q(Γ)-norm.     

Multiplicity of solutions for nonlinear second order impulsive differential equations with linear derivative dependence via variational methods

This paper uses critical point theory and variational methods to investigate the multiple solutions of boundary value problems for second order impulsive differential equations. The conditions for the existence of multiple solutions are established. An example is constructed to illustrate the proposed result.     

ON THE COUPLING OF BOUNDARY INTEGRAL AND FINITE ELEMENT METHODS FOR SIGNORINI PROBLEMS

1.IntroductionPartialdifferentialequationssubjecttounilateralboundaryconditionsareusuallycalledSignoriniproblemsintheliterature.TheseproblemshavebeenstudiedbymanyauthodssincetheappearenceofthehistoricalpaperbyA.Signoriniin1933[25].Signoriniproblemsaroseinmanyareasofapplicationse.g.,theelasticitywithunilateralconditions[lo],thefluidmechnicsproblemsinmediawithsemipermeableboundaries[8,12],theelectropaintprocess[1]etc.Fortheexistence,uniquenessandregularityresultsforSignorinitypeproblemswerefer…     

Perturbation of semi-linear evolution equations under weak assumptions at initial time

We prove perturbation results for abstract semi-linear evolution equations in a Banach space. The main feature is that only very weak assumptions are needed at initial time. This allows to prove weak continuity properties and to deal with rather general domain perturbation problems for semi-linear parabolic and hyperbolic boundary value problems with various boundary conditions. The theory also implies the well known theory on parameter dependent equations.     

算子方程Lx=Nx的正解

该文把迭合度的概念推广到算子L-N在锥上的零点指数.利用锥理论给出了零点指数的一些计算方法和算子方程解的存在性定理,并应用到m点边值非局部共振问题非负解的存在性.     

Mathematical problems of the theory of elasticity of chiral materials for Lipschitz domains

By the potential method, we investigate the Dirichlet and Neumann boundary value problems of the elasticity theory of hemitropic (chiral) materials in the case of Lipschitz domains. We study properties of the single‐ and double‐layer potentials and of certain, generated by them, boundary integral operators. These results are applied to reduce the boundary value problems to the equivalent first and the second kind integral equations and the uniqueness and existence theorems are proved in various function spaces. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.