基于生物进化机理的模式评价决策原理及模型

本文借鉴自然界生物进化原理,提出系统结构模式和系统环境模式的概念,根据系统结构模式与系统环境模式矩阵的适应程度,建立了基于生物进化机理的模式评价原理及模型,并制定了评价系统的评价分类准则,为评价理论和模型提出了一种新思路。     

基于遗传算法的项目经理评价

本文根据自然进化规则，把项目经理视为评价系统，项目经理所要满足的要求视为系统环境，用遗传算法的方法评价项目经理，力求提出一种比较客观科学的、且可以定量分析的项目经理的评价方法。     

基于熵权的模糊物元模型在城市生态安全评价中的应用

在模糊物元分析的基础上,结合熵值法和欧氏贴近度概念,构建用于城市生态安全评价的模糊物元模型,详细介绍了该模型的计算步骤,应用该模型对郑州市的生态安全进行了综合评价,并将评价结果与灰色关联法的评价结果进行了比较.结果表明,建立的模型评价方法简单.评价结果可靠,具有一定的实用性.     

长株潭城市生态竞争力研究

基于所构建的城市生态竞争力的评价指标体系,运用直觉模糊综合评价模型,从状态、压力、响应三个准则层面,对长株潭城市群城市生态竞争力进行综合评价,以此为基础分析长株潭各城市现状及潜力以及长株潭三市各自具有的竞争优势和劣势.为提升长株潭城市生态竞争力,要从加快产业升级和转换经济发展模式、转变政府考核方式、加大政府财政补贴、落实政府监管职能四个方面着手.     

区域生态环境的投影评价方法及应用

本运用矢量投影原理，建立了区域生态环境的投影评价方法。该方法将评价样本及各级质量标准视为矢量，分别向同一矢量（理想样本）进行投影。根据投影值的大小，确定样本所属的环境质量级别以及样本间的优劣排序。以巢湖流域为例，运用投影方法对其生态环境质量现状进行了评价。     

基于集对分析的土地生态安全诊断研究

基于EES模型,从经济、环境、社会三个方面构建了土地生态安全评价体系,以连云港为例运用集对分析法对研究期内的土地生态安全进行诊断研究,结果显示,连云港在研究期内的土地生态安全等级由"不安全"升至"较安全",整体安全水平趋势变好,但"较安全"的联系度趋于区间下限,土地生态安全状况形势依然严峻.     

基于最优组合赋权的城市生态评价模型及应用

以联合国可持续发展委员会、世界银行等权威机构的典型、高频率的指标为基础,并根据中国统计数据不全的现状,根据可观测性原则,根据"坚持以人为本,全面、协调、可持续的发展观"的科学发展观的内涵构建了适用于地级市行政区的生态评价指标体系。基于最优组合赋权建立了生态评价模型,并对辽宁省14个城市的生态进行实证分析。本文的创新与特色一是通过把人均绿色GDP、单位水资源工业废水负荷等指标纳入"驱动力-压力-状态-影响-响应"框架来构建适用于地级市行政区的生态评价指标体系。二是通过最优组合赋权,实现了各评价对象加权得分与理想点广义距离最小,体现了距理想点越近、得分越高的原理。三是引入Jaynes最大熵原理,基于各评价结果一致性最大的思路确定最优组合权系数,避免了不合理的个别单一赋权方法对组合赋权结果贡献太小的问题。四是实证研究表明,影响辽宁省生态发展最主要的指标是人口增长率、单位水资源工业废水负荷、人均水资源量和人均绿色GDP。     

煤炭城市人口——资源——经济——环境系统协调发展测度与评价

煤炭城市是由人口、资源、经济与环境四个子系统构成的复杂系统。其可持续发展依赖于各子系统的合理结构和发展模式以及子系统之间的协调程度。将协调发展思想与综合评价方法相结合，构建了煤炭城市可持续发展测度的指标体系，提出了投影寻踪与协调函数相结合的复杂系统协调发展测度方法，以典型煤炭城市某市为例，进行了子系统间协调发展的测度与评价。     

基于AHP的峰子涧矿区岩土地质综合评价研究

峰子涧地区煤炭资源丰富,地质环境的好坏决定着采煤的安全,在系统研究峰子涧地区影响岩土环境质量因素的基础上,利用层次分析法的分析原理建立了峰子涧岩土环境质量综合评价系统.系统包含地质灾害和现象及地质环境背景两大二级因素,继而这两个二级因素又可分为15个具体评价指标.最后通过权重分析和一致性验证,把峰子涧地区岩土地质环境质量分为四级:极差区、较差区、一般区和较好区,为峰子涧地区采煤业提供了科学的地质资料,保障了煤矿的安全生产.对其他矿区的综合评价研究有一定的借鉴意义.     

基于集对分析的“安全-质量-GDP”系统模型

鉴于安全对国家和民众的极端重要性和安全的不确定性,应用系统科学原理和集对分析,把安全、质量、GDP、作为社会经济系统的一个不确定性子系统加以研究,提出基于集对分析的安全-质量-GDP系统(SQGS)模型(SQGM)及其综合评价框架,给出了用集对分析中的联系数表征SQGS特征函数的计算示例,讨论了推广到一般情况的思路,有重要的理论意义和实际应用价值.     

煤炭资源型城市生态环境状况评价与调控

目前,煤炭在我国的能源生产与消费结构中占有相当大的比重,将来一段时间也将占据主导地位.然而,在煤炭的生产、运输与消费过程中对环境造成了很大影响与破坏,首先就煤炭开发利用对所在区域生态环境的影响进行了系统分析,提出了煤炭资源型城市生态环境评价的概念、评价原则,建立了评价指标体系,应用模糊综合评价的方法建立了煤炭资源型城市生态环境评价模型,提出了煤炭资源型城市生态环境调控的具体措施.     

Ecological accounting and evaluation of urban economy: Taking Beijing city as the case

Urban economy is confronted with increasing biophysical limitations derived from the exhaustion of natural resources and the depletion of environmental capacity, and human cultural diversity has been declining during the fast urbanization. The conventional anthropocentric economics, regarding the natural environment as the ‘exterior’ of human economy, is invalid in the scientific evaluation on the contribution of natural resources and environment as well as human culture when facing the current urban crises. The theory of embodied cosmic exergy, as the latest development of ecological economics and ecological thermodynamics, is introduced in this study to construct an ecological evaluation framework of urban economy. The advantage of embodied cosmic exergy dedicated to ecological economics has been discussed in comparison with other ecological evaluation alternatives. Transformities describing hierarchies and manifesting quality are systematically calculated and tabulated. A new framework of embodied cosmic exergy based on network accounting (EmexNA) is sketched out in this study, taking not only diversity flows but also ecological stocks into consideration. The stock based concept of ‘ecological wealth’ and the flow based concept of ‘ecological cost’ as well as related evaluation indicators are developed based on EmexNA. Taking Beijing city as the case, the network accounting and related ecological evaluation of a practical urban economy are carried out in this study in the light of the basic social, economic and environmental data available from 1990 to 2005 of Beijing. The system construction and the ecological mechanism of the development of Beijing economy are correspondingly illuminated and discussed.     

The research of ecological security evaluation for mineral-resource enterprises-a case of China

As the rapid development of economy and society in the world, the situation of ecological security has become more and more severe. The problem on ecological security is concerned with whether the continuous development of economy and society can realize or not, as well as the regional stability and international safety, so ecological security has become the primary measurement of the continuous development. Meanwhile there are a lot of research on ecological security of hometown and abroad, and the research range is becoming wider and in depth. With this background, this paper analyses the meaning of mineral-resource ecological security, sets up ecological security index system of mineral-resource enterprises based on the pressure-state-response (P-S-R) model, then determined the weights of the indices by analytical hierarchy process (AHP), and presents a method to evaluating it. After empirical analysis, the paper pointed out that evaluating the ecological environment security of mineral- resource enterprise is not only necessary but also the base of building ecological security alarming mechanism.     

陕西省经济发展、科技创新与生态环境的耦合协调发展研究

研究经济发展、科技创新与生态环境系统之间的耦合协调关系,对推进陕西省经济高质量发展具有重要的现实意义。在阐述“三元系统”耦合协调机制基础上,构建了评价指标体系。综合运用灰色关联理论和熵权法建立了综合评价模型,基于耦合协调度模型研究了“三元系统”之间的耦合协调关系。研究发现:创新驱动成为引领陕西省经济高质量发展的第一动力,各系统综合发展水平和耦合协调度稳步上升,但系统之间依然存在发展不同步、不协调问题,生态环境系统成为制约高质量发展的短板。     

城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价指标与评价方法

定量的评判城市老旧居住小区整体交通环境质量并进而科学有效的提出老旧小区交通环境更新与改善措施,对城市老旧居住小区交通环境进行了调查,明确了老旧居住小区存在的突出交通问题,并提出了城市老旧居住小区交通环境评价的指标体系,包括行人跨路出行指数、无人行道路段长度占比、停车泊位供需比、路内非法停车占比、平均停车步行距离、泊位数量户数比、人均步行空间、无障碍通道、盲道设置比例、非机动车泊位供需比、地面停放车辆数小区面积比、外部穿行交通周转量小区面积比等。并给出了具体指标的计算方法与获得办法。以长沙市四个典型老旧居住小区为例,对评价方法进行了论证,并得到城市老旧居住小区存在的一般问题,包括人车混杂、人车交织现象严重,停车泊位短缺、车辆乱停乱放,交通设施、特别是弱势群体交通设施缺乏。给出的评价指标、评价方法与结论可为城市老旧小区改造更新,特别是其中很重要的交通环境更新提供决策依据。     

Exploring simple structural configurations for optimal network mutualism

There is a great interest in understanding how ecosystems organize into structural patterns they exhibit. The acquisition and utilization of energy has long been identified as one of the key issues of life; as the famous physicist Ludwig von Boltzmann once stated “life is the struggle for free energy”. Adopting the premise that energy flow is a primary organizing principle in ecological systems, here we explore an ecological goal function based on the net energy flow between system compartments. This approach, called network utility analysis, proposes that the integral utility (direct plus indirect) in well-developed systems tends to contain more positive relations than negative ones. In this research we use utility analysis to determine specific relationship types between compartments for several basic network structures. Simple networks exhibit relations that are fixed for that particular structure, whereas for more complex cases the system may be classified into utility regimes depending on the energy flow values in the system. Lastly, we present candidate structural configurations having the least and greatest utility values. This research contributes to the overall discipline of ecological network analysis.     

Dynamical model of a single-species system in a polluted environment

The effect of toxicants on ecological systems is an important issue from mathematical and experimental points of view. Here we have studied dynamical model of a single-species population-toxicant system. Two cases are studied: constant exogeneous input of toxicant and rapidly fluctuating random exogeneous input of toxicant into the environment. The dynamical behaviour of the system is analyzed by using deterministic linearized technique, Lyapunov method and stochastic linearization on the assumption that exogeneous input of toxicant into the environment behaves like ‘Coloured noise’.     

基于三维评价的区域不平衡发展研究——以福建省外商投资环境为例

从一定时空粒度三维评价切入,决策矩阵预处理后,利用频率法变换为概率,再根据玻尔兹曼熵函数与对立概念变换为有序度,使不同时间截面、不同对象时间序列间均可比较.经时空权变灵敏分析,利用公因子方差赋权法确定权矩阵,建立三维评价模型,提出基于三维评价的诊断和表达区域不平衡发展的方法、定量指标.根据2000～2007年福建统计年鉴,从1999～2006年福建省地级市外商投资环境三维评价切入,分析福建省外商投资环境不平衡发展特征.