The sum of unitary similarity orbits containing only special operators

Let B(H) be the algebra of bounded linear operator acting on a Hilbert space H (over the complex or real field). Characterization is given to A₁,…,A_k∈B(H) such that for any unitary operators is always in a special class S of operators such as normal operators, self-adjoint operators, unitary operators. As corollaries, characterizations are given to A∈B(H) such that complex, real or nonnegative linear combinations of operators in its unitary orbit U(A)={U^∗AU:Uunitary} always lie in S.     

The intersection of left (right) spectra of 2 × 2 upper triangular operator matrices

When A∈B(H) and B∈B(K) are given, we denote by M_C the operator matrix acting on the infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space H⊕K of the form In this paper, for given A and B, the sets and ?_C∈Inv(K,H)σ_l(M_C) are determined, where σ_l(T),B_l(K,H) and Inv(K,H) denote, respectively, the left spectrum of an operator T, the set of all the left invertible operators and the set of all the invertible operators from K into H.     

Spectral conditions for admissibility of evolution equations in Hilbert space

We study properties of solutions of the evolution equation , where B is a closable operator on the space AP(R,H) of almost periodic functions with values in a Hilbert space H such that B commutes with translations. The operator B generates a family of closed operators on H such that (whenever eiλtx∈D(B)). For a closed subset Λ⊂R, we prove that the following properties (i) and (ii) are equivalent: (i) for every function f∈AP(R,H) such that σ(f)⊆Λ, there exists a unique mild solution u∈AP(R,H) of Eq. (∗) such that σ(u)⊆Λ; (ii) is invertible for all λ∈Λ and .     

Elementary operators on self-adjoint operators

Let H be a Hilbert space and let A and B be standard ∗-operator algebras on H. Denote by As and Bs the set of all self-adjoint operators in A and B, respectively. Assume that and are surjective maps such that M(AM^∗(B)A)=M(A)BM(A) and M^∗(BM(A)B)=M^∗(B)AM^∗(B) for every pair A∈As, B∈Bs. Then there exist an invertible bounded linear or conjugate-linear operator and a constant c∈{−1,1} such that M(A)=cTAT^∗, A∈As, and M^∗(B)=cT^∗BT, B∈Bs.     

The crossed product by a partial endomorphism and the covariance algebra

Given a local homeomorphism where U⊆X is clopen and X is a compact and Hausdorff topological space, we obtain the possible transfer operators Lρ which may occur for given by α(f)=f○σ. We obtain examples of partial dynamical systems (XA,σA) such that the construction of the covariance algebra C^∗(XA,σA), proposed by B.K. Kwasniewski, and the crossed product by a partial endomorphism O(XA,α,L), recently introduced by the author and R. Exel, associated to this system are not equivalent, in the sense that there does not exist an invertible function ρ∈C(U) such that O(XA,α,Lρ)≅C^∗(XA,σA).     

Essential approximate point spectra and Weyl's theorem for operator matrices

When A∈B(H) and B∈B(K) are given, we denote by MC the operator acting on the infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space H⊕K of the form . In this paper, it is shown that a 2×2 operator matrix MC is upper semi-Fredholm and ind(MC)?0 for some C∈B(K,H) if and only if A is upper semi-Fredholm and

     

Totally hereditarily normaloid operators and Weyl's theorem for an elementary operator

A Hilbert space operator T∈B(H) is hereditarily normaloid (notation: T∈HN) if every part of T is normaloid. An operator T∈HN is totally hereditarily normaloid (notation: T∈THN) if every invertible part of T is normaloid. We prove that THN-operators with Bishop's property (β), also THN-contractions with a compact defect operator such that and non-zero isolated eigenvalues of T are normal, are not supercyclic. Take A and B in THN and let dAB denote either of the elementary operators in B(B(H)): ΔAB and δAB, where ΔAB(X)=AXB−X and δAB(X)=AX−XB. We prove that if non-zero isolated eigenvalues of A and B are normal and , then dAB is an isoloid operator such that the quasi-nilpotent part H₀(dAB−λ) of dAB−λ equals ⁻¹(dAB−λ)(0) for every complex number λ which is isolated in σ(dAB). If, additionally, dAB has the single-valued extension property at all points not in the Weyl spectrum of dAB, then dAB, and the conjugate operator , satisfy Weyl's theorem.     

Schur-class multipliers on the Arveson space: De Branges-Rovnyak reproducing kernel spaces and commutative transfer-function realizations

An interesting and recently much studied generalization of the classical Schur class is the class of contractive operator-valued multipliers S(λ) for the reproducing kernel Hilbert space H(kd) on the unit ball Bd⊂Cd, where kd is the positive kernel kd(λ,ζ)=1/(1−〈λ,ζ〉) on Bd. The reproducing kernel space H(KS) associated with the positive kernel KS(λ,ζ)=(I−S(λ)S^∗(ζ))⋅kd(λ,ζ) is a natural multivariable generalization of the classical de Branges-Rovnyak canonical model space. A special feature appearing in the multivariable case is that the space H(KS) in general may not be invariant under the adjoints of the multiplication operators on H(kd). We show that invariance of H(KS) under for each j=1,…,d is equivalent to the existence of a realization for S(λ) of the form S(λ)=D+C⁻¹(I−λ₁A₁−?−λdAd)(λ₁B₁+?+λdBd) such that connecting operator has adjoint U^∗ which is isometric on a certain natural subspace (U is “weakly coisometric”) and has the additional property that the state operators A₁,…,Ad pairwise commute; in this case one can take the state space to be the functional-model space H(KS) and the state operators A₁,…,Ad to be given by (a de Branges-Rovnyak functional-model realization). We show that this special situation always occurs for the case of inner functions S (where the associated multiplication operator MS is a partial isometry), and that inner multipliers are characterized by the existence of such a realization such that the state operators A₁,…,Ad satisfy an additional stability property.     

The intersection of essential approximate point spectra of operator matrices

When A∈B(H) and B∈B(K) are given, we denote by MC the operator acting on the infinite-dimensional separable Hilbert space H⊕K of the form . In this paper, it is shown that there exists some operator C∈B(K,H) such that MC is upper semi-Fredholm and ind(MC)?0 if and only if there exists some left invertible operator C∈B(K,H) such that MC is upper semi-Fredholm and ind(MC)?0. A necessary and sufficient condition for MC to be upper semi-Fredholm and ind(MC)?0 for some C∈Inv(K,H) is given, where Inv(K,H) denotes the set of all the invertible operators of B(K,H). In addition, we give a necessary and sufficient condition for MC to be upper semi-Fredholm and ind(MC)?0 for all C∈Inv(K,H).     

An elementary operator with log-hyponormal, p-hyponormal entries

A Hilbert space operator A∈B(H) is p-hyponormal, A∈(p-H), if |A^∗|^2p?|A|^2p; an invertible operator A∈B(H) is log-hyponormal, A∈(?-H), if log(TT^∗)?log(T^∗T). Let d_AB=δ_AB or ?_AB, where δ_AB∈B(B(H)) is the generalised derivation δ_AB(X)=AX-XB and ?_AB∈B(B(H)) is the elementary operator ?_AB(X)=AXB-X. It is proved that if A,B^∗∈(?-H)∪(p-H), then, for all complex λ, , the ascent of (d_AB-λ)?1, and d_AB satisfies the range-kernel orthogonality inequality ‖X‖?‖X-(d_AB-λ)Y‖ for all X∈(d_AB-λ)^-1(0) and Y∈B(H). Furthermore, isolated points of σ(d_AB) are simple poles of the resolvent of d_AB. A version of the elementary operator E(X)=A₁XA₂-B₁XB₂ and perturbations of d_AB by quasi-nilpotent operators are considered, and Weyl’s theorem is proved for d_AB.     

On the perturbation of the group generalized inverse for a class of bounded operators in Banach spaces

Given a bounded operator A on a Banach space X with Drazin inverse AD and index r, we study the class of group invertible bounded operators B such that I+AD(B−A) is invertible and R(B)∩N(Ar)={0}. We show that they can be written with respect to the decomposition X=R(Ar)⊕N(Ar) as a matrix operator, , where B₁ and are invertible. Several characterizations of the perturbed operators are established, extending matrix results. We analyze the perturbation of the Drazin inverse and we provide explicit upper bounds of ‖B^?−AD‖ and ‖BB^?−ADA‖. We obtain a result on the continuity of the group inverse for operators on Banach spaces.     

Maps preserving peripheral spectrum of Jordan semi-triple products of operators

Let A and B be (not necessarily unital or closed) standard operator algebras on complex Banach spaces X and Y, respectively. For a bounded linear operator A on X, the peripheral spectrum σ_π(A) of A is the set σ_π(A)={z∈σ(A):|z|=max_ω∈σ(A)|ω|}, where σ(A) denotes the spectrum of A. Assume that Φ:A→B is a map the range of which contains all operators of rank at most two. It is shown that the map Φ satisfies the condition that σ_π(BAB)=σ_π(Φ(B)Φ(A)Φ(B)) for all A,B∈A if and only if there exists a scalar λ∈C with λ³=1 and either there exists an invertible operator T∈B(X,Y) such that Φ(A)=λTAT^-1 for every A∈A; or there exists an invertible operator T∈B(X^∗,Y) such that Φ(A)=λTA^∗T^-1 for every A∈A. If X=H and Y=K are complex Hilbert spaces, the maps preserving the peripheral spectrum of the Jordan skew semi-triple product BA^∗B are also characterized. Such maps are of the form A?UAU^∗ or A?UA^tU^∗, where U∈B(H,K) is a unitary operator, A^t denotes the transpose of A in an arbitrary but fixed orthonormal basis of H.     

Browder spectra for upper triangular operator matrices

When A∈B(H) and B∈B(K) are given, we denote by MC the operator acting on the infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space H⊕K of the form . In this paper, we prove that

     

Essential point spectra of operator matrices trough local spectral theory

For A∈B(X), B∈B(Y) and C∈B(Y,X), let MC be the operator defined on X⊕Y by . In this paper, we study defect set (Σ(A)∪Σ(B))?Σ(MC), where Σ is the Browder spectrum, the essential approximate point spectrum and Browder essential approximate point spectrum. We then give application for Weyl's and Browder's theorems.     

A note on Browder spectrum of operator matrices

When A∈B(H) and B∈B(K) are given, we denote by MC the operator acting on the Hilbert space H⊕K of the form . In this note, it is shown that the following results in [Hai-Yan Zhang, Hong-Ke Du, Browder spectra of upper-triangular operator matrices, J. Math. Anal. Appl. 323 (2006) 700-707]

     

Isomorphisms between unital C-algebras

It is shown that every almost linear bijection of a unital C^∗-algebra A onto a unital C^∗-algebra B is a C^∗-algebra isomorphism when h(n²uy)=h(n²u)h(y) for all unitaries u∈A, all y∈A, and n=0,1,2,…, and that almost linear continuous bijection of a unital C^∗-algebra A of real rank zero onto a unital C^∗-algebra B is a C^∗-algebra isomorphism when h(n²uy)=h(n²u)h(y) for all , all y∈A, and n=0,1,2,…. Assume that X and Y are left normed modules over a unital C^∗-algebra A. It is shown that every surjective isometry , satisfying T(0)=0 and T(ux)=uT(x) for all x∈X and all unitaries u∈A, is an A-linear isomorphism. This is applied to investigate C^∗-algebra isomorphisms between unital C^∗-algebras.     

Perturbation of spectra of operator matrices and local spectral theory

For A∈L(X), B∈L(Y) and C∈L(Y,X) we denote by MC the operator defined on X⊕Y by . In this article, we study defect set DΣ=(Σ(A)∪Σ(B))?Σ(MC) for different spectra including the spectrum, the essential spectrum, Weyl spectrum and the approximate point spectrum. We then apply the obtained results to the stability of such spectra (DΣ=∅) and the classes of operators C for which stability holds of MC using local spectral theory.     

Immersions of non-orientable surfaces

Let F be a closed non-orientable surface. We classify all finite order invariants of immersions of F into R³, with values in any Abelian group. We show they are all functions of a universal order 1 invariant which we construct as T⊕P⊕Q, where T is a Z valued invariant reflecting the number of triple points of the immersion, and P,Q are Z/2 valued invariants characterized by the property that for any regularly homotopic immersions , P(i)−P(j)∈Z/2 (respectively, Q(i)−Q(j)∈Z/2) is the number mod 2 of tangency points (respectively, quadruple points) occurring in any generic regular homotopy between i and j.For immersion and diffeomorphism such that i and i○h are regularly homotopic we show:

P(i○h)−P(i)=Q(i○h)−Q(i)=(rank(h_∗−Id)+ε(deth∗∗))mod2     

On an integral-type operator from logarithmic Bloch-type spaces to mixed-norm spaces on the unit ball

Let H(B) denote the space of all holomorphic functions on the open unit ball B of Cⁿ and g∈H(B). We characterize the boundedness and compactness of the following integral-type operator

     

Operators on the space of vector-valued totally measurable functions

Let L(X,Y) stand for the space of all bounded linear operators between real Banach spaces X and Y, and let Σ be a σ-algebra of sets. A bounded linear operator T from the Banach space B(Σ,X) of X-valued Σ-totally measurable functions to Y is said to be σ-smooth if ‖T(fn)Y_‖→0 whenever a sequence of scalar functions (‖fn(⋅)X_‖) is order convergent to 0 in B(Σ). It is shown that a bounded linear operator is σ-smooth if and only if its representing measure is variationally semi-regular, i.e., as An↓∅ (here stands for the semivariation of m on A∈Σ). As an application, we show that the space Lσs(B(Σ,X),Y) of all σ-smooth operators from B(Σ,X) to Y provided with the strong operator topology is sequentially complete. We derive a Banach-Steinhaus type theorem for σ-smooth operators from B(Σ,X) to Y. Moreover, we characterize countable additivity of measures in terms of continuity of the corresponding operators .