移动热源作用下基于分数阶应变的三维弹性体热-机响应

基于分数阶应变理论,研究了移动热源作用下三维弹性体的热 机动态响应.将分数阶应变理论下的控制方程应用于三维半空间模型,通过Laplace积分变换、双重Fourier变换及其数值反变换对控制方程进行求解,得到了不同热源速度和不同分数阶参数下,无量纲温度、应力、应变和位移的分布规律.结果表明,分数阶应变参数对机械波影响显著而对热波影响有限,热源速度对热 机械波影响显著.     

水合物沉积物的力学本构模型及参数离散元计算

为有效描述水合物沉积物在不同水合物饱和度与围压情况下的力学行为,该文基于广义Hooke(胡克)定律建立了水合物沉积物的应力 应变关系方程和弹性模量弱化方程;基于三轴压缩试验确定了水合物沉积物的软化系数和软化指数,基于颗粒流程序（PFC3D）开发了水合物沉积物初始弹性模量的离散元算法（DEM）.利用建立的应力 应变关系方程、弹性模量弱化方程和初始弹性模量DEM,数值模拟了水合物沉积物在6种不同水合物饱和度与围压情况下的力学行为.数值模拟结果与三轴压缩试验结果的对比表明,建立的应力 应变关系方程、弹性模量弱化方程和初始弹性模量DEM,能有效预测水合物沉积物的力学行为,可为水合物井筒设计与安全开采提供理论基础和计算方法.     

理想塑性材料扩展裂纹的平面应变问题

本文从三维塑性流动理论出发,导出了理想塑性材料平面应变问题的基本方程.进而对扩展裂纹问题建立了完整的定解方程和速度场求解公式.已有的渐近方程只是预解方程和零级定解方程的组合.本文证实了已有的中心扇形区,虽然满足了渐近方程,但不能适应高阶渐近方程.     

幂硬化不可压缩材料平面应变问题的解法

根据Илюшин微小弹塑性变形理论,本文导出了幂硬化不可压缩材料平面应变问题的基本方程. 另外,本文提出了这些基本方程的两种解法,即位移函数-应力法和应力函数-应变法.举了两个实例来说明这两个方法的应用.     

饱和多孔介质中骨架的应变局部化萌生条件

应用饱和多孔介质控制方程和Liapunov稳定理论,导出了固相应力和有效应力描述的多孔介质骨架应变局部化的萌生条件．不同应力形式表达的多孔介质基体的控制方程,相应的应变局部化萌生条件的表达形式也不尽相同,其原因源于骨架本构中固液两相之间相互作用的不同描述．应用得出的Terzaghi有效应力描述的应变局部化萌生条件,可以理论解释多孔介质中固、液两相不同相对运动出现的破坏方式,如管涌、滑坡和泥石流．应用简单算例说明了应变局部化条件的具体实施方法．     

平面应变和反平面应变复合型裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场

在裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力分量都只是θ的函数的条件下.利用平衡方程.应力应变率关系、相容方程和屈服条件,本文导出了平面应变和反平面应变复合型裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场的一般解析表达式.将这些一般解析表达式用于复合型裂纹.我们就可以得到Ⅰ-Ⅲ、Ⅱ-Ⅲ及Ⅰ-Ⅱ-Ⅲ复合型裂纹尖端的理想塑性应力场的解析表达式.     

弹性应力波的双脉冲结构与平板冲击试验验证

对传统弹性应力波理论以及平板冲击下的应力波传播提出了重要修正.现有的弹性应力波理论在旋转运动以及与内力的对应关系、波动方程等方面存在理论缺失和不完备性.提出弹性体存在体积波和偏斜波,体积波可独立传播但偏斜波受体积波的影响,两种波构成一个弱耦合波系.平板冲击应为三维应变状态,体应变和偏应变两个波动变量依然保持二阶张量状态,但独立的波动变量可简化为一个体应变和一个偏斜主应变,波动方程简化为关于两个波动变量的弱耦合波动方程组.应力波的界面效应涉及了冲击加载面上应力波的激发和应力波在自由面上的反射,建立了加载面和自由面上边界条件与波动变量的依赖关系.冲击加载面上同时激发出体积波和偏斜波,但体积波与部分偏斜波组成一个以较快速度传播的复合脉冲,剩余偏斜波形成另一个以较慢速度传播的偏斜脉冲.两个入射脉冲在自由面上分别反射回来结构相同的复合脉冲和偏斜脉冲,即形成4个反射脉冲的传播.应力波的双脉冲结构与平板撞击下试件自由面速度的二次压缩现象是一致的,10发不同厚度的氧化铝平板冲击试验测得的二次压缩信号验证了偏斜脉冲的理论预测.     

塑性本构关系的应变路径理论

基于伊留申的两个假定,提出一个新的积分形式的塑性本构方程.由应变路径确定的应力偏量由二部分组成,它们各自按不同的规律变化.理论计算与近代实验的比较,得到令人满意的结果.本文提出的不是内时理论.     

考虑损伤的修正梯度弹性理论

梯度弹性理论在描述材料微结构起主导作用的力学行为时具有显著优势,将其与损伤理论相结合,可在材料破坏研究中考虑微结构的影响.基于修正梯度弹性理论,将应变张量、应变梯度张量和损伤变量作为Helmholtz自由能函数的状态变量,并在自然状态附近对自由能函数作Taylor展开,进而由热力学基本定律,推导出修正梯度弹性损伤理论本构方程的一般形式.编制有限元程序,模拟土样损伤局部化带的发展演化过程.结果表明,修正梯度弹性损伤理论消除了网格依赖性;损伤局部化带不是与损伤同时发生,而是在损伤发展到一定程度后再逐渐显现出来.     

一类指定应力问题的变分原理与应用

针对有限元分析中对应力或内力有指定条件的问题,引入非弹性应变作为实现指定应力条件的附加未知量,在小变形条件下描述了指定应力条件应当满足的弹性力学控制方程;以位移和未知非弹性应变作为独立变量建立了具有指定应力条件问题的势能变分原理和虚功方程;以位移、弹性应变、未知非弹性应变和应力为独立变量,建立了一个含四类变量的广义变分原理.在基于变分原理得到的桁架单元和梁单元平衡方程中,指定轴力和需要的调整量以对偶形式出现,可实现调整量已知情况下的常规受力分析,又可在轴力指定条件下获得需要的调整量;同时考虑了材料刚度和内力对结构的影响,改进了目前预应力筋模拟的等效荷载法和实体力筋法,还可用于拉索结构的索力优化和调整算法.通过拉索结构位移优化和索力调整的数值算例,验证了该文理论与算法的可行性及精度.     

轴向冲击下理想塑性直杆动态屈曲的过应力简化分析模型*

本文在理想塑性直杆的动态屈曲分析中引入应变率效应,得到相应的动力学微分方程,求出了屈曲半波长,临界载荷和屈曲时间的表达式.讨论了应变率效应对杆的塑性动态屈曲的影响.并与文[4]的理论和试验结果作了比较.     

Micromechanically based stress and strain-rate flow potentials for anisotropic polycrystals

The dissipation of rigid-viscoplastic material behaviour is related to the stress flow potential and its Legendre-Fenchel conjugated strain-rate flow potential. In this paper micromechanically based approximation of these flow potentials, expressed in terms of the deviatoric stresses and strain-rates, is derived from texture measurements. The dual potentials for single face-centered cubic crystals are approximated in terms of Fourier expansion with tensorial texture coefficients. The macroscopic flow stress and strain-rate potentials for an aggregate of polycrystals can be deduced from those of single crystal under the assumption of either homogeneous strain-rate, or homogeneous stress field from the codf measurements. (© 2010 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Non-local modeling of thermomechanical localization in metals

The purpose of this work is to compare and contrast two different modeling approaches for high-speed, dynamic loading of metals. A so-called “local” model including hardening, strain-rate hardening as well as temperature and ductile damage softening behaviour is extended by gradient plasticity. In particular, both models are compared in the context of their application to the modeling and simulation of dynamic shear-banding in the alloy Inconel 718. (© 2006 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Local and extended models for high-speed,dynamic loading of metals

The purpose of this work is to compare and contrast two different modeling approaches for high-speed, dynamic loading of metals. A so-called “local” model including hardening, strain-rate hardening as well as temperature and ductile damage softening behaviour is extended by gradient plasticity. In particular, both models are compared in the context of their application to the modeling and simulation of dynamic shear-banding in the alloy Inconel 718. (© 2005 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Attractor for a conserved phase‐field system with hyperbolic heat conduction

We consider a conserved phase‐field system of Caginalp type, characterized by the assumption that both the internal energy and the heat flux depend on the past history of the temperature and its gradient, respectively. The latter dependence is a law of Gurtin–Pipkin type, so that the equation ruling the temperature evolution is hyperbolic. Thus, the system consists of a hyperbolic integrodifferential equation coupled with a fourth‐order evolution equation for the phase‐field. This model, endowed with suitable boundary conditions, has already been analysed within the theory of dissipative dynamical systems, and the existence of an absorbing set has been obtained. Here we prove the existence of the universal attractor. Copyright © 2004 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

非保守力作用下杆的塑性动态稳定性

本文用Liapunov第二方法分析非保守力作用下直杆的塑性动态稳定性.杆处于粘性阻尼介质中,并受到切向均布的随动载荷作用.分析中在应力-应变关系中引入了应变率效应.导出了一个稳定性条件,并求出了临界失稳载荷,讨论了应变率效应对杆的稳定性的影响.     

A new regularization method for solving a time-fractional inverse diffusion problem

In this paper, we consider an inverse problem for a time-fractional diffusion equation in a one-dimensional semi-infinite domain. The temperature and heat flux are sought from a measured temperature history at a fixed location inside the body. We show that such problem is severely ill-posed and further apply a new regularization method to solve it based on the solution given by the Fourier method. Convergence estimates are presented under the a priori bound assumptions for the exact solution. Finally, numerical examples are given to show that the proposed numerical method is effective.     

Spectral regularization method for solving a time-fractional inverse diffusion problem

In this paper, we consider an inverse problem for a time-fractional diffusion equation with one-dimensional semi-infinite domain. The temperature and heat flux are sought from a measured temperature history at a fixed location inside the body. We show that such problem is severely ill-posed and further apply a spectral regularization method to solve it based on the solution given by the Fourier method. Convergence estimates are presented under a priori bound assumptions for the exact solution. Finally, numerical examples are given to show that the proposed numerical method is effective.     

Influence of the nonlinear matrix material behaviour on the effective properties of textile-reinforced thermoplastics

For a consistent lightweight design the consideration of the nonlinear macroscopic material behaviour of composites, which is amongst others driven by damage and strain-rate effects on the mesoscale, is required. Therefore, a modelling approach using numerical homogenization techniques is applied to predict the effective nonlinear material behaviour of the composite based on the finite element simulation of a representative volume element (RVE). In this RVE suitable constitutive relations account for the material behaviour of each constituents. While the reinforcing glass fibres are assumed to remain linear elastic, a viscoplastic constitutive law is applied to represent the strain-rate dependent, inelastic deformation of the matrix material. In order to analyse the influence of the nonlinear matrix material behaviour on the global mechanical response of the composite, effective stress-strain-curves are computed for different load cases and compared to experimental observations. (© 2009 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Lyapunov functionals for reaction–diffusion equations with memory

We consider a reaction‐diffusion equation in which the usual diffusion term also depends on the past history of the diffusion itself. This equation has been analysed by several authors, with an emphasis on the longtime behaviour of the solutions. In this respect, the first results have been obtained by using the past history approach. They show that the equation, subject to a suitable boundary condition, defines a dissipative dynamical system which possesses a global attractor. A similar theorem has been recently proved by Chepyzhov and Miranville, using a different method based on the notion of trajectory attractors. In addition, those authors provide sufficient conditions that ensure the existence of a Lyapunov functional. Here we show that a similar result can be demonstrated within the past history approach, with less restrictive conditions. Copyright © 2005 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.