基于文本信息的上市中小企业财务困境预测研究

本文通过网络爬虫获取上市中小企业相关的文本信息,包括以年报为代表的信息披露报告和互联网新闻媒体报道的文本内容,采用词袋方法基于不同特征词词表对这些文本内容进行了量化分析,并以财务变量模型为基础对文本信息量化指标在财务困境预测中的作用进行了实证检验,结果表明由信息披露报告构建的管理层语调变量以及由新闻媒体报道构建的报道倾向变量、负面报道比例变量确实可以提高财务困境模型的拟合度和预测能力,而且在对不同类型文本信息的分析应有不同的侧重点。尽管本文针对的是上市中小企业,但并未考虑市场交易信息,因而可以推广到未上市交易的中小企业。     

基于比例优势模型的上市公司财务困境预测研究

在激烈的市场竞争中,现代企业非常关注风险管理,注重防范与控制风险,而风险管理的关键是预测与控制财务风险。生存分析模型能动态地预测风险事件发生的概率,本文精比例优势模型应用干我国上市公司财务困境预测,根据边际似然与ALASSO变量选择程序,确定了影响财务风险的主要因素,获得模型参数估计,考察了比例优势模型财务困境预测判断能力,比较了Cox模型和比例优势模型这两种生存模型的财务风险预测效果。结果表明,比例优势模型能展现企业财务困境的发展过程,具有较好的财务困境预测能力。     

建立我国中小企业技术创新管理服务体系的设想

中小型企业是推动我国经济快速发展的重要力量，与大型企业相比，他们有着更为强烈的技术创新意识，同时也面临着更大的技术创新风险和困难。文章在阐述现阶段中小企业技术创新面临问题的基础上，提出了建立中小企业技术创新管理服务体系的设想，旨在能为改革中小企业技术创新宏观环境提供参考     

基于组合赋权VIKOR法的制造型中小企业综合质量评估

为了准确评估制造型中小企业的综合质量水平并解决其生产经营管理中存在的问题,文章提出基于组合赋权VIKOR法的中小企业综合质量评估方法.参照质量管理体系要求,结合制造型中小企业的特点,设计了包含质量认证、质量监管、创新及发展能力、财务质量、社会声誉五个维度的综合质量评估指标体系,并使用改进后的信息重叠指标筛选方法优化指标;结合AHP和CRITIC法进行指标权重赋值,并应用VIKOR法计算中小企业利益比率值,实现中小企业综合质量评估.选取电子行业119家中小企业为例,采用文章提出的综合质量评估方法进行实证研究,研究结果表明基于文章提出的综合质量评估方法的结果与样本企业质量发展的客观现状具有良好的一致性,验证了文章方法的有效性.     

中小企业融资克难--担保助阵——访北京首创投资担保有限责任公司

对于中小企业的生存危机，最感同深受的应该是担保公司。那么中小企业究竟该如何走出阴霾，担保公司又有何作为呢？     

中小企业信用担保机构系统动态仿真模型研究

建立中小企业信用担保机构可以有效缓解中小企业贷款难、担保难的问题，推动中小企业发展、产业结构升级和经济腾飞。本采用系统动力学方法，结合遗传算法，建立了中小企业信用担保机构系统动态仿真模型，对中小企业信用担保机构运行情况进行了定量研究和仿真。实证研究的结果表明：该方法科学、合理，可以为决策提供政策支持。     

银行看供应链

通常我们的产业链上有许多中小企业围绕核心大企业生存,其业务围绕大企业发生,因此,固有的大企业客户资源就为银行提供了新的客户平台。     

中小企业掌控资金血脉

资金是企业的血脉,中小企业尤甚。 资金管理效率直接决定着中小企业的发展潜力、经营效率与风险．运用信息化软件产品进行科学、规范的资金管理的案例,给广大中小企业提供了可供借鉴的实践范本。     

“寒冬”下的中小企业突围之路

即使没有这次美国金融风暴，今后若干年内，我国一大批中小企业也将面临“生存还是死亡”的考验。     

“无缝链接”的EPM杠杆

如果说,ERP曾带来了一场企业管理方式的革命。那么,建立在财务预算管理之上的企业发展战略、运行状况、动态监控和分析追踪为一体的全面预算管理体系．集先进的信息技术与管理思想於一身,已然成了现代企业在市场经济时代,生存、发展的成熟标志。     

Stress test for a technology credit guarantee fund based on survival analysis

A technology credit guarantee policy has been established to provide financial support to technology-based SMEs with a limited asset base. For an effective technology credit guarantee policy, risk management is essential. In this paper, we investigate a survival model that predicts start-up SMEs’ loan default probability at a given time based on technology attributes along with the economic environment and the firm’s characteristics at the time of the technology credit guarantee fund application. This, in turn, is used for the estimation of the technology fund risk along with a stress test. Our work is expected to contribute to reducing the risks associated with technology financing.     

Lean principles,practices, and impacts: a study on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs)

Lean as a business strategy is used to improve quality and service, eliminate waste, reduce time and costs, and enhance overall organizational effectiveness. Heightening challenges in competition in recent years have prompted many small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) to adopt lean to enhance firms’ competitiveness. This paper attempts to present an all-inclusive study and it examines various factors associated with the implementation of lean in SMEs in the U.S. The findings suggest that most of SMEs have a relatively accurate understanding of lean concept and philosophy. The primary reasons to implement lean are mainly internal, including reduce cost, improve profit margin, improve utilization of plant/facility, and maintain competitive position. A hierarchical cluster analysis was conducted to investigate lean status. It was discovered that both advanced adopters and beginners of lean are discovered. ANOVA test results show that there exist quite significant differences in terms of the degrees of lean implementation in SMEs. Varied lean tools and programs have been applied and they are positively related with firms’ performance. Lastly, the paper provides evidences that major lean barriers are encountered by SMEs regarding management or people related factors as well as key knowledge and know-how.     

The effects of top management team composition on SME export performance: an upper echelons perspective

Survival of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) increasingly depends on their ability to exploit opportunities in foreign markets. Given their limited resources, exporting is one of the most viable modes of entry into foreign markets for SMEs. The present study is an attempt to contribute to the research that identifies the factors associated with SME export performance. Specifically, the association between top management team demographic composition and SME export performance was examined in an emerging market context and drawing from upper echelons perspective. Focusing on such commonly examined upper echelons attributes as age, education level, and tenure, the present research assessed whether top management team composition distinguished between SMEs in terms of their export levels. Data were collected from 128 SMEs operating in Ankara and Bursa regions of Turkey. Results obtained by a hierarchical regression analysis indicated that SMEs with lower mean industry tenure and higher age separation diversity had higher levels of export performance.     

基于模糊ANP和TOPSIS法的科技型中小企业成长性评价体系构建

当今独角兽企业的发展已成为衡量区域创新能力的重要考察因素,为建立从种子企业的选择、孵化、加速发展、最终成功落地的完备的独角兽培育机制,亟待构建全面、客观、科学的中小企业成长性评价模型。基于此,研究主要分三个步骤进行,首先确定45个相关影响因素,将其归类划分为10个主要因素;其次,采用模糊网络分析法(FANP)对这些因素的整体优先级进行排序,确定影响成长性的关键因素;最后提出基于加权因素的模糊TOPSIS法对科技型中小企业进行评价。研究表明,外部因素对被研究企业的发展与成长更为重要。“政策条例”、“技术因素”和“企业家的特点”被确定为关键影响因素。本文的研究不仅可为企业管理者制定恰当的发展战略,为提高企业绩效提供有效指导,同时也为科技型中小企业的遴选与培育提供有价值的参考。     

Support vector machines for default prediction of SMEs based on technology credit

In Korea, many forms of credit guarantees have been issued to fund small and medium enterprises (SMEs) with a high degree of growth potential in technology. However, a high default rate among funded SMEs has been reported. In order to effectively manage such governmental funds, it is important to develop an accurate scoring model for selecting promising SMEs. This paper provides a support vector machines (SVM) model to predict the default of funded SMEs, considering various input variables such as financial ratios, economic indicators, and technology evaluation factors. The results show that the accuracy performance of the SVM model is better than that of back-propagation neural networks (BPNs) and logistic regression. It is expected that the proposed model can be applied to a wide range of technology evaluation and loan or investment decisions for technology-based SMEs.     

中小制造企业物流配送模式选择的研究

本文从供应链的角度研究了中小制造企业物流配送模式及其选择的问题。利用合作博弈理论建立配送博弈费用模型,通过对中小制造企业可能采取的四种配送模式的费用模型求解,提出了适用于中小制造企业的物流配送模式,即第三方配送和共同配送相结合的配送模式,为中小制造企业物流配送模式的选择提供可行的决策参考。本文的研究结果突破了现有研究在单一配送模式下企业物流配送问题的局限,通过比较几种配送模式的费用,提出适合中小制造企业的复合式的物流配送模式。     

Random effects logistic regression model for default prediction of technology credit guarantee fund

Korean government has been funding the small and medium enterprises (SME) with superior technology based on scorecard. However high default rate of funded SMEs has been reported. In order to effectively manage such governmental fund, it is important to develop accurate scoring model for SMEs. In this paper, we provide a random effects logistic regression model to predict the default of funded SMEs based on both financial and non-financial factors. Advantage of such a random effects model lies in the ability of accommodating not only the individual characteristics of each SME but also the uncertainty that cannot be explained by such individual factors. It is expected that our study can contribute to effective management of government funds by proposing the prediction models for defaults of funded SMEs.     

Implementation of Lean Six Sigma in small- and medium-sized manufacturing enterprises in the Netherlands

In this paper we provide an exploration and analysis of Lean Six Sigma (LSS) implementation in Dutch manufacturing/engineering small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Critical success factors (CSFs) and impeding factors are identified and analysed. Exploratory empirical evidence about LSS implementation in Dutch SMEs was collected from a survey study on Dutch SMEs. Statistical testing was applied to validate the ranking of the CSFs. To deepen insight in how organizations translate CSFs into practice and cope with impeding factors, additional in-depth qualitative information was gathered from six case studies. Linking to customer, vision and plan statement, communication and management involvement and participation are the highest ranked CSFs. Internal resistance, the availability of resources, changing business focus and lack of leadership are the strongest impeding factors. The case studies confirmed the importance of the CSFs and revealed three new CSFs: personal LSS-experience of Top management, development of the project leader's soft skills and supply chain focus. SMEs in the Netherlands make no distinct separation between lean manufacturing and Six Sigma, but rather apply both approaches intertwined.     

中小企业股份制改革的得与失——基于深交所中小上市企业的实证分析

以在深圳证券交易所2005年前上市的50家中小企业为研究对象,探讨股份制改革对中小企业绩效的影响.结果表明,中小企业利用上市所募集的资金,在短期内能有效地扩大生产规模、增强生产能力.在上市后的三年中,其平均净利润、息税前利润和销售收入都较上市前有显著的提高;但其销售收益率、息税前利润率在上市后却有明显的下降;而企业的偿债能力、人均产出率在上市前后没有显著的变化.同时,企业上市时已运营时间的长短,对其绩效的改变有显著的影响.