热传导方程小波解的点态收敛

本文主要考虑热传导方程uxx=ut,0≤x<1,t≥0;u(1,t)=g(t),其中边界条件g(t)为已知函数．此定解问题为一不适定问题,也就是说当边界条件有微小扰动时,将会引起解大的扰动．本文将利用多分辨率分析构造一小波解,且证明此解是适定的,并给出所定义小波解与定解问题的真正解在点态意义下的误差估计．     

小波伽辽金方法应用于变系数波动方程

我们考虑问题K（x）uxx=ua.0＜X〈1，t≥0，其中K（x）≥a≥0，u（0，t）=g，ix（0，t）=0．这是一个不适当的方程，因为当解存在时在边界g上一个小的扰动将对它的解造成很大的改变．我们考虑存在解u（x，·）∈L^2（R）用小波伽辽金方法和Meyer多分辨分析去滤掉高频部分，从而在尺度空间Vj上得到适定的近似解．我们也可以得到问题的准确解与它在Vj上的正交投影之间的误差估计．     

REGULARIZATION OF AN ILL-POSED HYPERBOLIC PROBLEM AND THE UNIQUENESS OF THE SOLUTION BY A WAVELET GALERKIN METHOD

We consider the problem K(x)u xx = u tt , 0 < x < 1, t ≥ 0, with the boundary condition u(0,t) = g(t) ∈ L 2 (R) and u x (0, t ) = 0, where K(x) is continuous and 0 < α≤ K (x) < +∞. This is an ill-posed problem in the sense that, if the solution exists, it does not depend continuously on g. Considering the existence of a solution u(x, ) ∈ H 2 (R) and using a wavelet Galerkin method with Meyer multiresolution analysis, we regularize the ill-posedness of the problem. Furthermore we prove the uniqueness of the solution for this problem.     

On approximation of smooth functions from null spaces of optimal linear differential operators with constant coefficients

For a real valued function f defined on a finite interval I we consider the problem of approximating f from null spaces of differential operators of the form Ln(ψ) = n ∑ k=0 akψ(k), where the constant coefficients ak ∈ R may be adapted to f . We prove that for each f ∈ C(n)(I), there is a selection of coefficients {a1, ,an} and a corresponding linear combination Sn( f ,t) = n ∑ k=1 bkeλkt of functions ψk(t) = eλkt in the nullity of L which satisfies the following Jackson’s type inequality: f (m) Sn(m )( f ,t) ∞≤ |an|2n|Im|1/1q/ep|λ|λn|n|I||nm1 Ln( f ) p, where |λn| = mka x|λk|, 0 ≤ m ≤ n 1, p,q ≥ 1, and 1p + q1 = 1. For the particular operator Mn(f) = f + 1/(2n) f(2n) the rate of approximation by the eigenvalues of Mn for non-periodic analytic functions on intervals of restricted length is established to be exponential. Applications in algorithms and numerical examples are discussed.     

The Jump Conditions for Second Order Quasilinear Degenerate Parabolic Equations

ln this paper we consider the model problem for a second order quasilinear degenerate parabolic equation {D_xG(u) = t^{2N-1}D²_xK(u) + t^{N-1}D_x,F(u) \quad for \quad x ∈ R,t > 0 u(x,0) = A \quad for \quad x < 0, u(x,0) = B \quad for \quad x > 0 where A < B, and N > O are given constants; K(u) =^{def} ∫^u_Ak(s)ds, G(u)=^{def} ∫^u_Ag(s)ds, and F(u) =^{def} ∫^u_Af(s)ds are real-valued absolutely continuous functions defined on [A, B] such that K(u) is increasing, G(u) strictly increasing, and \frac{F(B)}{G(B)}G(u) - F(u) nonnegative on [A, B]. We show that the model problem has a unique discontinuous solution u_0 (x, t) when k(s) possesses at least one interval of degeneracy in [A, B] and that on each curve of discontinuity, x = z_j(t) =^{def} s_jt^N, where s_j= const., j=l,2, …, u_0(x, t) must satisfy the following jump conditions, 1°. u_0(z_j(t) - 0, t) = a_j, u_0 (z_j(t) + 0, t) = b_j, and u_0(z_j(t) - 0, t) = [a_j, b_j] where {[a_j, b_j]; j = 1, 2, …} is the collection of all intervals of degeneracy possessed by k (s) in [A, B], that is, k(s) = 0 a. e. on [a_j, b_j], j = 1, 2, …, and k(s) > 0 a. e. in [A, B] \U_j[a_j, b_j], and 2°. (z_j(t)G(u_0(x, t)) + t^{2N-1}D_xK(u_0(x, t)) + t^{N-1}F(u_0(x, t)))|\frac{s=s_j+0}{s=s_j-0} = 0     

Global Existence and Blow-up for a Parabolic System with Nonlinear Boundary Conditions

This paper deals with the global existence and blow-up of positive solutions to the systems: u_t = ∇(u^∇u) + u¹ + v^a v_t = ∇(v^n∇v) + u^b + v^k in B_R × (0, T) \frac{∂u}{∂η} = u^αv^p, \frac{∂v}{∂η} = u^qv^β on S_R × (0, T) u(x, 0) = u_0(x), v(x, 0} = v_0(x) in B_R We prove that there exists a global classical positive solution if and only if l ≤ l, k ≤ 1, m + α ≤ 1, n + β ≤ 1, pq ≤ (1 - m - α)(1 - n - β),ab ≤ 1, qa ≤ (1 - n - β) and pb ≤ (1 - m - α).     

查甫雷金方程的唯一性定理(Ⅰ)

<正>考虑下列混合型议程的唯一性问题 K(y)u_(xx)+u_(yy)=0 (K(0)=0;当y≠0时,■(1) 所考慮的區域D由三條曲綾圍成.其一是雙曲區域(y<0)中由原點引出的特徵线Γ_1,它滿足下面條件     

半群OI_n(k)的秩

设OI_n是[n]上的保序严格部分一一变换半群.对任意1≤k≤n-1,研究半群OI_n(k)={α∈OI_n:(■x∈dom(α))x≤k■xα≤k}的秩,证明了半群OI_n(k)的秩为n+1.     

变系数Euler-Bernoulli梁振动发展系统的存在性

讨论变系数Euler-Bernoulli梁振动系统{uu(x,t) η(t)uxxxx(x,t)=0,0＜x＜1,0≤t≤T u(0,t)=ux(0,t)=0,0≤t≤t -uxxx(1,t) muu(1,t)=-αu1(1,t) βuxxx(1,t),0≤t≤T uxt(1,t) =-γuxx(1,t),0≤t≤t u(x,0)=u1(x),u1(x,0),0≤x≤1证明了该系统产生一个发展系统．     

非自治时滞微分方程的扰动全局吸引性*

考虑具有扰动项的非自治时滞微分方程x>(t)=-a(t)x(t-τ)+F(t,x_t),t≥0(*)其中F:[0,∞)×C[-δ,0]→R且连续,C[-δ,0]表示将[-δ,0]映射到R的所有连续函数集合.F(t,0)≡0,a(t)∈C((0,∞),(0,∞)),τ≥0.通常文献对a(t)不依赖于t即a(t)为自治情形,研究了方程(*)零解的局部或全局渐近性质[1～5,7].本文对a(t)为非自治即依赖于t之情形,获得了方程(*)零解全局吸引的充分条件,所得结论在某种意义上说是不可改进的.本文改进和推广了已有文献的相应结果,同时本文采用的方法可应用到非自治非线性扰动方程.     

Lp-Lq Estimates for a Linear Perturbed Klein-Gordon Equation

We consider L^p-L^q estimates for the solution u(t,x) to tbe following perturbed Klein-Gordon equation ∂_{tt}u - Δu + u + V(x)u = 0 \qquad x∈ R^n, n ≥ 3 u(x,0) = 0, ∂_tu(x,0) = f(x) We assume that the potential V(x) and the initial data f(x) are compact, and V(x) is sufficiently small, then the solution u(t,x) of the above problem satisfies ||u(t)||_q ≤ Ct^{-a}||f||_p for t > 1 where a is the piecewise-linear function of 1/p and 1/q.     

Nonexistence Results for the Korteweg–de Vries and Kadomtsev–Petviashvili Equations

We study characteristic Cauchy problems for the Korteweg–de Vries (KdV) equation u_t = uu_x + u_xxx , and the Kadomtsev–Petviashvili (KP) equation u_yy =( u_xxx + uu_x + u_t ) _x with holomorphic initial data possessing non-negative Taylor coefficients around the origin. For the KdV equation with initial value u (0,  x )= u ₀( x ), we show that there is no solution holomorphic in any neighborhood of ( t ,  x )=(0, 0) in C² unless u ₀( x )= a ₀+ a ₁ x . This also furnishes a nonexistence result for a class of y -independent solutions of the KP equation. We extend this to y -dependent cases by considering initial values given at y =0, u ( t ,  x , 0)= u ₀( x ,  t ), u_y ( t ,  x , 0)= u ₁( x ,  t ), where the Taylor coefficients of u ₀ and u ₁ around t =0, x =0 are assumed non-negative. We prove that there is no holomorphic solution around the origin in C³, unless u ₀ and u ₁ are polynomials of degree 2 or lower. MSC 2000: 35Q53, 35B30, 35C10.     

A Fourth-Order Modified Method for the Cauchy Problem of the Modified Helmholtz Equation

This paper is concerned with the Cauchy problem for the modified Helmholtz equation in an infinite strip domain 0 < x≤ 1, y ∈ R. The Cauchy data at x = 0 is given and the solution is then sought for the interval 0 < x ≤1. This problem is highly ill-posed and the solution (if it exists) does not depend continuously on the given data. In this paper, we propose a fourth-order modified method to solve the Cauchy problem. Convergence estimates are presented under the suitable choices of regularization parameters and the a priori assumption on the bounds of the exact solution. Numerical implementation is considered and the numerical examples show that our proposed method is effective and stable.     

Convergence of Iterative Difference Method with Nonuniform Meshes for Quasilinear Parabolic Systems

In this paper, we study the general difference schemes with nonuniform meshes for the following problem: u_t = A(x,t,u,u_x)u_{xx}, + f(x,t,u,u_x), 0 < x < l, 0 < t ≤ T \qquad (1) u(0,t) = u(l ,t) = 0, 0 < t ≤ T \qquad\qquad (2) u(x,0) = φ(x), 0 ≤ x ≤ l \qquad\qquad (3) where u, φ, and f are m-dimensional vector valued functions, u_t = \frac{∂u}{∂t}, u_x = \frac{∂u}{∂x}, u_{xx} = \frac{∂²u}{∂_x²}. In the practical computation, we usually use the method of iteration to calculate the approximate solutions for the nonlinear difference schemes. Here the estimates of the iterative sequence constructed from the iterative difference schemes for the problem (1)-(3) is proved. Moreover, when the coefficient matrix A = A(x, t, u) is independent of u_x, t he convergence of the approximate difference solution for the iterative difference schemes to the unique solution of the problem (1)-(3) is proved without imposing the assumption of heuristic character concerning the existence of the unique smooth solution for the original problem (1)-(3).     

Convergence Rates of Wavelet Estimators in Semiparametric Regression Models Under NA Samples

Consider the following heteroscedastic semiparametric regression model:yi =XTiβ + g(ti) + σiei, 1 ＜ i ≤ n,where {Xi,1 ＜ i ＜ n} are random design points,errors {ei,1 ＜ i ＜ n} are negatively associated (...     

一类带约束的二维弱奇异积分方程的解*

本文找出二维弱奇异第一类积分方程作用着约束方程的解p.p=p(r,θ)={2/[π2k(φ₀]}√F(r,θ)-c_*(0≤r≤r_*)其中是(s,φ)原点在M(r,θ)的局部极坐标,(r,θ)是原点在O(0,0)的总体极坐标:k和F是给出的连续函数;φ₀是一常数;F(_*,θ)=c_*(常数)是研究域Q的边界围线。所用方法可推广到三维情形。     

一道Lebesgue积分题目的注记

设E为n维欧氏空间Rn的可测子集,m E+∞,f(x)为E上的非负可测函数,并记Ek=E{x|k≤f(x)k+1}(k=0,1,2,…),利用Lebesgue积分的性质,通过构造反例,指出"级数∑k km Ek收敛"并不是f(x)在E上Lebesgue可积的充分条件.进一步,通过增加条件"f在E上a.e.有限",得到相应的充分必要条件.     

含有奇异位势和临界指数的拟线性椭圆方程的G-对称解

本文讨论一类奇异拟线性椭圆型方程
-div(|x|^-ap|▽u|^p-2▽u)=μ+h(x)/|x|^(a+1)p|u|^p-2u+k(x)|u|^p-2u/|x|^bq,x∈R^N,
其中1 < p < N, 0 ≤ a < N-p/p, a ≤ b < a + 1, 0 ≤ μ < μ = (N-p/p-a)^p, q=p^*(a, b) = Np/N-(1+a-b)p,h 和k 是R^N上的连续有界函数, 且关于O(N) 的闭子群G满足某些对称性条件. 应用变分方法和Caffarelli-Kohn-Nirenberg 不等式, 在h与k满足适当条件下, 证得了一些G-对称解的存在性和多重性结果.     

A WAVELET METHOD FOR THE FREDHOLM INTEGRO-DIFFERENTIAL EQUATIONS WITH CONVOLUTION KERNEL

1.IntroductionInthispaper,westudytheFredholmintegro-differentialequationbythewaveletmethod.Theapplicationsoftheequationinimagerestorationcouldbefoundin[101.ForthehistoryofnumericalmethodsfortheFredholmintegro-differentialequations,wereferto[4].FOllow...     

Rate Optimality of Wavelet Series Approximations of Fractional Brownian Motion

Consider the fractional Brownian motion process $B_H(t), t\in [0,T]$, with parameter $H\in (0,1)$. Meyer, Sellan and Taqqu have developed several random wavelet representations for $B_H(t)$, of the form $\sum_{k=0}^\infty U_k(t)\epsilon_k$ where $\epsilon_k$ are Gaussian random variables and where the functions $U_k$ are not random. Based on the results of Kühn and Linde, we say that the approximation $\sum_{k=0}^n U_k(t)\epsilon_k$ of $B_H(t)$ is optimal if $$ \displaystyle \left( E \sup_{t\in [0,T]} \left| \sum_{k=n}^\infty U_k(t) \epsilon_k\right|^2 \right)^{1/2} =O \left( n^{-H} (1+\log n)^{1/2} \right), $$ as $n\rightarrow\infty$. We show that the random wavelet representations given in Meyer, Sellan and Taqqu are optimal.