关于本原商高数的新猜想

设a,b,c是满足a=m²-n2-n²,b=2mn,c=m2,b=2mn,c=m²+n2+n²的正整数,其中m,n是适合m>n,gcd(m,n)=1,2|mn的正整数.运用初等数论方法讨论了方程c2的正整数,其中m,n是适合m>n,gcd(m,n)=1,2|mn的正整数.运用初等数论方法讨论了方程c^x+bx+b^y=ay=a^z的正整数解(x,y,z).证明(m,n)≡(0,1),(0,5),(1,2),(2,3),(3,4),(4,1),(4,5),(5,6),(6,7)或(7,0)(mod8)时,方程无解.上述结果部分地解决了有关本原商高数的一个新猜想.     

关于奇完全数和孤立数的几个命题

设E(a,b,m)=1/m(a~(2~n)+b~(2n)),这里a,b,m,,n是正整数适合gcd(a,b)=1,ab,m是a~(2~n)+b~(2n)的因数,且当2+ab时,m≡2(mod 4),当2|ab时,m≡1(mod2).运用初等方法证明了:i)当nlog_2log_2log_2a时,E(a,b,m)都不是奇完全数;ii)当nmax{7,logloga}或nmax{5,3 logloga}时,E(a,1,m)都是孤立数.从而改进了相关文献中的结果.     

P 3-factorization of complete multipartite graphs

In this note it is shown that a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a P3-factorizatlon of complete multipartite graph λK, is (1) m≥3, (2) mn≡0(mod 3) and (3)λ(m-1)n≡0(mod 4).     

The spectrum of path factorization of bipartite multigraphs

LetλK_(m,n)be a bipartite multigraph with two partite sets having m and n vertices, respectively.A P_v-factorization ofλK_(m,n)is a set of edge-disjoint P_v-factors ofλK_(m,n)which partition the set of edges ofλK_(m,n).When v is an even number,Ushio,Wang and the second author of the paper gave a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a P_v-factorization ofλK_(m,n).When v is an odd number,we have proposed a conjecture.Very recently,we have proved that the conjecture is true when v=4k-1.In this paper we shall show that the conjecture is true when v = 4k 1,and then the conjecture is true.That is,we will prove that the necessary and sufficient conditions for the existence of a P_(4k 1)-factorization ofλK_(m,n)are(1)2km≤(2k 1)n,(2)2kn≤(2k 1)m,(3)m n≡0(mod 4k 1),(4)λ(4k 1)mn/[4k(m n)]is an integer.     

On K_(1,k)-factorization of bipartite multigraphs

A K1,k-factorization of λKm,n is a set of edge-disjoint K1,k-factors of λKm,n,which partition the set of edges of λKm,n.In this paper,it is proved that a sufficient condition for the existence of K1,k-factorization of λKm,n,whenever k is any positive integer,is that(1) m ≤ kn,(2) n ≤ km,(3) km-n ≡ kn-m ≡ 0(mod(k2-1)) and(4) λ(km-n)(kn-m) ≡ 0(mod k(k -1)(k2 -1)(m n)).     

两类广义Euler函数的计算公式（英文）

本文研究了广义Euler函数的计算公式.利用初等的方法和技巧,给出了两类特殊广义Euler函数的准确计算公式,即φ_(pq)(n)以及φ_e(n)(e=p, p~2),其中n的任意素因数m≡1或者-1(mod e)且gcd(m, e)=1, p, q是不同的素数.这些结果是文献[5]相应结果的直接推广.     

Congruences involving generalized central trinomial coefficients

For integers b and c the generalized central trinomial coefficient Tn(b,c)denotes the coefficient of xnin the expansion of(x2+bx+c)n.Those Tn=Tn(1,1)(n=0,1,2,...)are the usual central trinomial coefficients,and Tn(3,2)coincides with the Delannoy number Dn=n k=0n k n+k k in combinatorics.We investigate congruences involving generalized central trinomial coefficients systematically.Here are some typical results:For each n=1,2,3,...,we have n-1k=0(2k+1)Tk(b,c)2(b2-4c)n-1-k≡0(mod n2)and in particular n2|n-1k=0(2k+1)D2k;if p is an odd prime then p-1k=0T2k≡-1p(mod p)and p-1k=0D2k≡2p(mod p),where(-)denotes the Legendre symbol.We also raise several conjectures some of which involve parameters in the representations of primes by certain binary quadratic forms.     

与Euler函数φ(n)有关的非线性方程的正整数解

在Euler函数φ(n)的性质的基础上,利用整数分解的方法证明了对任意的正整数m,n,非线性方程φ(mn)=aφ(m)+bφ(n)+c~2(a,b,c为勾股数且gcd(a,b,c)=1)当(a,b,c)=(3,4,5),(5,12,13),(7,24,25)时无正整数解,并证明了当a,b为任意的一奇一偶,c为任意的奇数,且满足a~2+b~2=c~2,gcd(a,b)=1,2|b时,方程无正整数解.     

关于矩阵方程A~m=λJ的一些结果(英文)

本文利用四个等阶的同余式得到命题2,从而概括了别人的一结果。 命题2 设Q(x)是g 循环阵A的Hall多项式 (1)假设g~m=0 (mod n),则A满足A~m=λJ当且仅当T_c(x)|Q(x),c=(g,n); (2)假设Q(x)=T_r(x) (mod x~n-1),则A满足A~m=λJ当且仅当rg~(m-1)=0 (mod n)和r≡0 (mod c)。它们的Hall-多项式如下: 在此基础上得到二组新解     

高维空间的一个Heilbronn型问题

本文研究了以下Heilbronn型问题:设S是欧氏空间按R~k 中由有限个点A_1,A_2,…,A_n组成的集合,令d(S)=min{A_iA_j|1≤i相似文献   

奇完全数的两个猜想

运用初等方法讨论有关奇完全数的两个猜想.证明了:(i)如果n=p~αq_1~(2β_1)q_2~(2β_2)…q_s~(2β_s)是奇完全数,其中P,q_1,q_2,…,q_s是不同的奇素数,α,β_1,β_2,…,β_s是正整数,p≡α≡1(mood4),而且q_i≡-1(mod m)(i=1,2,…,s),m是大于2的正整数,则.1/2σ(p~α)必为合数;(ii)如果n=a~2~x+b~2~x,其中a,b,x是适合ab,gcd(a,6)=1,2|ab的正整数,则当x≥log_2log_2log_2 a时,n不是奇完全数.     

THE MAXIMUM NUMBER OF INTERSECTIONS BETWEEN TWO PLANE RECTANGULAR PATHS

We show that the maximum number of intersections between two plane rectangular paths with lengths m and n: 2 ≤ m ≤ n, is 4n 2, if m=4 and n≡1(mod 3); and it is mn 1 otherwise.     

K_m∨的最小直径定向(英文)

For a graph G,let D denote an orientation of G having minimum diameter. Define f(G)=diamD.In this paper,we concentrate on exploring the minimum diameter of K_m∨(m≥1,n≥1).Some special cases are known:f(K_m∨)=∞,2,3, where m=1 and n≥1,m=2 or m≥4 and n=1,m=3 and n=1,respectively. So we only consider the case when m≥2 and n≥2.The following results are obtained. (1) f(K_m∨)=3,where m=2,3,n≥2 and m=n=4.(2) f(K_m∨)=2, where m≥5 and m is odd,2≤n≤■-m.(3) f(K_m∨)=2,where m≥4 and m≡0(mod4),2≤n≤■-(m/2 1).(4) f(K_m∨)=2,where m≥6 and m≡2(mod4),2≤n≤■-m/2.(5) f(K_m∨)=3,where m≥4,n>■.     

On approximation of smooth functions from null spaces of optimal linear differential operators with constant coefficients

For a real valued function f defined on a finite interval I we consider the problem of approximating f from null spaces of differential operators of the form Ln(ψ) = n ∑ k=0 akψ(k), where the constant coefficients ak ∈ R may be adapted to f . We prove that for each f ∈ C(n)(I), there is a selection of coefficients {a1, ,an} and a corresponding linear combination Sn( f ,t) = n ∑ k=1 bkeλkt of functions ψk(t) = eλkt in the nullity of L which satisfies the following Jackson’s type inequality: f (m) Sn(m )( f ,t) ∞≤ |an|2n|Im|1/1q/ep|λ|λn|n|I||nm1 Ln( f ) p, where |λn| = mka x|λk|, 0 ≤ m ≤ n 1, p,q ≥ 1, and 1p + q1 = 1. For the particular operator Mn(f) = f + 1/(2n) f(2n) the rate of approximation by the eigenvalues of Mn for non-periodic analytic functions on intervals of restricted length is established to be exponential. Applications in algorithms and numerical examples are discussed.     

三项式xn+x-a的二次不可约因式

设n是大于5的正整数,a是非零整数,f(x)=xn x-a.本文证明了:如果f(x)有首项系数等于1的二次整系数不可约因式g(x),则必有n≡2(mod3),a=-1,g(x)=x2 x 1或者n≡5(mod6),a=1,g(x)=x2-x 1.     

Smarandache函数的几类相关方程的解

设φ(n),S(n)分别表示正整数n的Euler函数和Smarandache函数,利用初等的方法和技巧,依据Smarandache函数计算公式,给出k的方程φ(p~αm)=S(p~(ακ))的所有解,其中p为素数,α,m为正整数且gcd(m,p)=1,由此得到方程φ(n)=S(n~k)的所有解(n,k)进而确定了满足条件S(n)|σ(n)的全部正整数n.最后,根据莫比乌斯变换反演定理证明了方程φ(n)=∑_(d|n)S(d)仅有两个解,分别为n=2~5和n=3×2~5.     

一个包含Smarandache函数的复合函数

对任意正整数n,著名的Smarandache函数S(n)定义为最小的正整数m使得n|m!,或者S(n)=min{m∶n|m!,m∈N}.而函数Z(n)定义为最小的正整数k使得n≤k(k 1)/2,即就是Z(n)=min{k:n≤k(k 1)/2}.本文的主要目的是利用初等及解析方法研究复合函数S(Z(n))的均值,并给出一个较强的渐近公式.     

数学问题解答

20 0 0年 6月号问题解答(解答由问题提供人给出 )1 2 56　求 77 7　 (n个 7,n≥ 3)的末四位数 .解　∵ 74≡ 1 (mod1 0 0 )∴　 74 x ≡ 1 ((mod1 0 0 ) ,x∈ N又　 7≡ - 1 (mod4) ,故 77≡ (- 1 ) 7≡- 1 (mod4) .因而 77 7　 (n - 1个 7,n - 1≥ 2 )≡- 1 (mod4) .所以可设77 7　 (n - 1个 7,n - 1≥ 2 ) =4x 3,x∈N∴　 77 7≡ 74 x 3≡ 73≡ 43(mod1 0 0 )于是可设 77 7　 (n个 7,n≥ 3) =710 0 m 4 3,m∈ N (1 )而　 74 ≡ 2 4 0 1 (mod1 0 0 0 0 )∴　 78≡ 480 1 (mod1 0 0 0 0 )716≡ 960 1 (mod1 0 0 0 0 )732 ≡ 92 0 1 (mod1…     

三角代数上的零点(m,n)-弱可导映射

设m和n是任意固定的非零整数且m+n≠0,u是一个|mn(m+n)|-无挠的三角代数,δ是u上的一个线性映射.本文证明了:如果对任意的x,y∈u且xy=yx=0有mδ(xy)+nδ(yx)=mδ(x)y+mxδ(y)+nδ(y)x+nyδ(x),则在u上存在一个导子Φ和一个中心元λ使得对任意的x∈u,有δ(x)=Φ(x)+λx.     

P_(4k-1)-factorization of complete bipartite graphs

Let Km,n be a complete bipartite graph with two partite sets having m and n vertices, respectively. A Pv-factorization of Km,n is a set of edge-disjoint pv-factors of Km,n which partition the set of edges of Km,n. When v is an even number, Wang and Ushio gave a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of Pv-factorization of Km,n.When v is an odd number, Ushio in 1993 proposed a conjecture. However, up to now we only know that Ushio Conjecture is true for v = 3. In this paper we will show that Ushio Conjecture is true when v = 4k - 1. That is, we shall prove that a necessary and sufficient condition for the existence of a P4k-1-factorization of Km,n is (1) (2k - 1)m ≤ 2kn, (2) (2k -1)n≤2km, (3) m n ≡ 0 (mod 4k - 1), (4) (4k -1)mn/[2(2k -1)(m n)] is an integer.