ZFC的模型的上限序数的一个性质

S1 引言 Forcing方法假设存在ZFC的一个可数可传的模型M。记满足αM的最小序数α为,显然M中一切序数所成的集合即。由于M是ZFC的模型,故应具有某些性质。本文证明了它满足关系,故为ε数或1级关键数,进而证明了是H级关键数(H为任意自然数)。文中的记号等引用。     

关于球的表面积的教学的一些尝试

(一)导言球的表面积公式是旋转体一章的重点内容,从教材的科学性看是没有问题的——在给出预备定理的基础上,再建立球面积的计算公式。但跳出传授知识之外,在教学中我们总有点感到不满足。因为按照现行教材的体系。我们无法回答这样几个问题: 已经有一整套圆柱、圆锥、圆台的侧面积公式,为什么还需要这个统一公式? 这个预备定理起什么作用?人们又是怎样想到引入这个定理的? 讲授预备定理是不是仅仅为了学习球面积公式提供敲门砖,还是也要让学生获得别的什么? 针对这些问题,我们的试验小组对此作了初步的探讨。现将我们讨论的意见和处理方案扼要介绍如下。不当之处请批评指正。     

扰动的Couette－Poiseuille流的特征值的计算

本文考虑的问题是二维粘性渠流。对0到2000之间的雷诺数,计算了平稳扰动的Couette-Poiseuille流的下游特征值,其特征方程类似于Orr-Sommerfeld方程。所用的方法是谱方法和初值方法(复合矩阵方法).就几种有趣的流量,给出了相应的特征值的计算结果。这些特征值确定了扰动的衰减率。     

图的邻域复形的同调群的不变性

本文研究了图的邻域复形同调群的不变性质。设G是一个简单连通图,x是G的一个顶点,以G/x表示G中剔去点v及其关联边而得到的图,给出了G和G/x的邻域复形的同阶同调群同构的充要条件。     

图的树宽的分解定理

图的树宽问题是名的ＮＰ－困难问题。其分解原则在确定树宽的一般算法和特殊算法中有重要应用。本给出这方面的若干定理。     

中学函数的极限的教学

十年制中学教材中关于函数的极限这一单元的内容写得很简单,要求也不很高,对函数的极限这个概念,只作描述性的定义。函数的连续性也只简单地提一下。但是要使学生对这部分的内容有个比较明确的了解,却是教学上的一个难题。讲浅了,不明不白;讲深了,又超出教材要求。下面仅就函数的极限这个概念的教学,谈谈我的一点意见。     

模相等的复数的和的辐角及应用

课本中叙述了两个复数的积、商的辐角的性质。而对两个复数的和、差的辐角却未曾提及。 本文要说明的是两个模相等的复数的和的辐角与各复数辐角的关系。下面用定理的形式给出。     

具有数据丢失的网络化控制系统的基于观测器的镇定

研究具有数据丢失的网络化控制系统的基于观测器的镇定问题。受控对象是由T-S模糊模型描述的非线性时滞系统。把数据丢失过程建模成独立同分布过程。利用模糊Lyapunov函数方法得到了闭环系统随机稳定的充分条件,其基于观测器的反馈控制器可通过求解一组线性矩阵不等式来设计。一个仿真例子说明方法的有效性。     

计算Hamilton矩阵特征值的一个稳定的有效的保结构的算法

提出了一个稳定的有效的保结构的计算Hamilton矩阵特征值和特征不变子空间的算法,该算法是由SR算法改进变形而得到的。在该算法中,提出了两个策略,一个叫做消失稳策略,另一个称为预处理技术。在消失稳策略中,通过求解减比方程和回溯彻底克服了Bunser Gerstner和Mehrmann提出的SR算法的严重失稳和中断现象的发生,两种策略的实施的代价都非常低。数值算例展示了该算法比其它求解Hamilton矩阵特征问题的算法更有效和可靠。     

圆锥曲线的切线的几何作图

圆的切线的几何画法是大家熟悉的。我发现了另外三种圆锥曲线的切线的初等几何画法。一、作图 i)椭圆的切线的几何作图如图1,0为椭圆的中心,F_1、F_2为椭圆的焦点,P为椭圆外一点,过p作椭圆的切线。作法 1.以O为圆心,长半轴长a为半径作⊙O。 2.以PF_1(或PF_2)为直径作⊙O＇,交⊙O于Q、Q＇(若P在⊙O上,则Q、Q＇分别为以PF_1、PF_2为直径的圆与⊙O的另一交点)。 3.连PQ、PQ＇,则PQ、PQ＇就是所求作的切线。     

具时滞的捕食 食饵系统的一致持久性

研究周期环境下具时滞的Volterra Lotka捕食 食饵系统，利用持久性理论，积分均值和微分不等式的方法，建立了关于一致持久的 充分必要判别准则。得到新的结果。     

On Persistence and Stability of Some Spatially Inhomogeneous Systems

Local and global stability and persistence of some coupled map lattices (CMLs) and partial differential equations are studied. A logistic CML with noninteger time step and delay is introduced. The persistence results for reaction-diffusion equations are extendable to the telegraph reaction-diffusion equation for a sufficiently small delay parameter. The stability and persistence results are applied to ecology, physics, economics, and immunology.     

扫描统计量--检测基金业绩持续性的新方法

基金业绩持续性检测的一般方法是横截面回归与列联表分析，都是从基金行业层面整体检测持续性，不能有效的检测单只基金的业绩持续性。为此本文引入一种新的检测方法——扫描统计量，可以创新性地对单只基金进行有效分析。利用扫描统计量方法对我国基金业绩持续性进行了实证分析，发现部分基金存在持续性，给出了持续性强度的上限，为投资者买卖基金、基金业绩考核、风险监控提供了决策参考依据。     

THE SURVIVAL ANALYSIS FOR SINGLE-SPECIES SYSTEM IN A POLLUTED ENVIRONMENT

This article concentrates on the study of a mathematical model for the effect of toxicant levels on a single-species ecosystem in the case where there is a constant emission of a toxicant. Some sufficient conditions for weak persistence and extinction are found. The threshold between persistence and extinction can be established in some cases.     

Persistence,extinction and global asymptotical stability of a non-autonomous predator–prey model with random perturbation

A two-species stochastic non-autonomous predator–prey model is investigated. Sufficient criteria for extinction, non-persistence in the mean and weak persistence in the mean are established. The critical value between persistence and extinction is obtained for each species in many cases. It is also shown that the system is globally asymptotically stable under some simple conditions. Some numerical simulations are introduced to illustrate the main results.     

EFFECTS OF INDIVIDUAL HETEROGENEITY IN ESTIMATING THE PERSISTENCE OF SMALL POPULATIONS

ABSTRACT. Population viability models are commonly used to estimate the probability of persistence of small, threatened, or endangered populations. Demographic, temporal, spatial, and individual heterogeneity are important factors affecting the probability of persistence of small populations. Because stochastic process are intractable analytically (Lud-wig [1996]), computer simulation models are often used for estimating population viability via numerical techniques. Although demographic, spatial, and temporal stochasticity have been incorporated into some population viability models, individual heterogeneity has not been included. In this paper we include individual heterogeneity in a simulation model and examine probabilities of population persistence at different levels of heterogeneity and population size. Individual heterogeneity may increase the probability of persistence of small populations. The mechanism for the extension in persistence may be explained by natural selection. Genotypes persisting through a decline may be those that survive better under the conditions causing the decline. These individuals that survive and reproduce in the face of adverse conditions may extend the probability that a small population persists.     

污染环境中的Leslie系统

研究了环境污染对Leslie资源-消费者系统中消费者种群的长期影响．考虑到种群数量的变化对种群体内毒素浓度和环境毒素浓度的影响,建立了一个新的数学模型, 给出了消费者种群弱持续生存和绝灭的判据,并在一定条件下得到了弱持续生存与绝灭的阈值．     

Epidemics in two competing species

An SIS epidemic model in two competing species with the mass action incidence is formulated and analysed. Thresholds for the existence of boundary equilibria are identified and conditions for their local asymptotic stability or instability are found. By persistence theory, conditions for the persistence of either hosts or pathogens are proved. Using Hopf bifurcation theory and numerical simulations, some aspects of the complicated dynamic behaviours of the model are shown: the system may have zero up to three internal equilibria, may have a stable limit cycle, may have three stable attractors. Through the results on persistence and stability of the boundary equilibria, some important interactions between infection and competition are revealed: (1) a species that would become extinct without the infection, may persist in presence of the infection; (2) a species that would coexist with its competitor without the infection, is driven to extinction by the infection; (3) an infection that would die out in either species without the interinfection of disease, may persist in both species in presence of this factor.     

Some properties of solutions to the weakly dissipative Degasperis-Procesi equation

In this paper, we consider the weakly dissipative Degasperis-Procesi equation. The present paper is concerned with some aspects of existence of global solutions, persistence properties and propagation speed. First we try to discuss the local well-posedness and blow-up scenario, then establish the sufficient conditions on global existence of the solution. Finally, persistence properties on strong solutions and the propagation speed for the weakly dissipative Degasperis-Procesi equation are also investigated.     

具有连续时滞的非自治扩散Lotka-volterra模型的渐近性

持续生存概念是种群生态系统稳定性的一个重要描述,而研究竞争种群共存的问题是种群生态学的一个重要问题,考虑非自治的两种群L otka-vo lterra周期系数的时滞扩散摸型,通过构造李亚普诺夫泛函,微分不等式等获得了其一致持续生存及正周期解存在与全局渐近稳定的充分条件.