表大偶數為一個素數及一個不超過四個素數的乘積之和——廣義Riemann猜測下之結果

<正> 引言 本文之目的是在證明作者在[1]內所提及的若干結果,本文所有的結果,均在廣義的Riemann猜測之下,而獲得的. 現在,先將廣義的Riemann猜測述於下:     

亚纯函数的正规族

关于正规族的Hayman猜测目前已完全证实,本文考虑把Hayman猜测中的 f′换为一般的f∧（k）,得到一个更为一般的结果,由此改进和推广了陈怀惠,顾永兴、华歆厚,庞学诚与W.Schwick的相应结果。     

Finite Groups in Which Each Irreducible Character has at Most Two Zeros

Let G be a finite group, Irr(G) denotes the set of irreducible complex characters of G and gG the conjugacy class of G containing element g. A well-known theorem of Burnside([1,Theorem 3.15]) states that every nonlinear X ∈ Irr(G) has a zero on G, that is, an element x (or a conjugacy class xG) of G with X(x) = 0. So, if the number of zeros of character table is very small, we may expect, the structure of group is heavily restricted. For example, [2, Proposition 2.7] claimes that G is a Frobenius group with a complement of order 2 if each row in charcter table has at most one zero (its proof uses the classification of simple groups). In this note, we characterize the finite group G satisfying the following hypothesis:     

On an equality equivalent to the Riemann hypothesis

We prove that the Riemann hypothesis on zeros of the zeta function (s) is equivalent to the equality

Localization of small zeros of sine and cosine Fourier transforms of a finite positive nondecreasing function

Let a function f be integrable, positive, and nondecreasing in the interval (0, 1). Then by Polya’s theorem all zeros of the corresponding cosine and sine Fourier transforms are real and simple; in this case positive zeros lie in the intervals (π(n−1/2), π(n+1/2)), (πn, π(n+1)), n ∈ ℕ, respectively. In the case of sine transforms it is required that f cannot be a stepped function with rational discontinuity points. In this paper, zeros of the function with small numbers are included into intervals being proper subsets of the corresponding Polya intervals. A localization of small zeros of the Mittag-Leffler function E _1/2(−z ²; μ), μ ∈ (1, 2) ∪ (2, 3) is obtained as a corollary.     

The Jackson Inequality for the Best L~2-Approximation of Functions on [0,1] with the Weight x

Let L^2（[0, 1], x） be the space of the real valued, measurable, square summable functions on [0, 1] with weight x, and let n be the subspace of L2（[0, 1], x） defined by a linear combination of Jo（μkX）, where Jo is the Bessel function of order 0 and {μk} is the strictly increasing sequence of all positive zeros of Jo. For f ∈ L^2（[0, 1], x）, let E（f, n） be the error of the best L2（[0, 1], x）, i.e., approximation of f by elements of n. The shift operator off at point x ∈[0, 1] with step t ∈[0, 1] is defined by T（t）f（x）=1/π∫0^π f（√x^2 ＋t^2-2xtcosO）dθ The differences （I- T（t））^r/2f = ∑j=0^∞（-1）^j（j^r/2）T^j（t）f of order r ∈ （0, ∞） and the L^2（[0, 1],x）- modulus of continuity ωr（f,τ） = sup{｜｜（I- T（t））^r/2f｜｜：0≤ t ≤τ] of order r are defined in the standard way, where T^0（t） = I is the identity operator. In this paper, we establish the sharp Jackson inequality between E（f, n） and ωr（f, τ） for some cases of r and τ. More precisely, we will find the smallest constant n（τ, r） which depends only on n, r, and % such that the inequality E（f, n）≤ n（τ, r）ωr（f, τ） is valid.     

On a conjecture regarding the extrema of Bessel functions and its generalization

It was conjectured by Á. Elbert in J. Comput. Appl. Math. 133 (2001) 65-83 that, given two consecutive real zeros of a Bessel function of order ν, j_ν,κ and j_ν,κ+1, the zero of the derivative between such two zeros j_ν,κ′ satisfies . We prove that this inequality holds for any Bessel function of any real order. In addition to these lower bounds, upper bounds are obtained. In this way we bracket the zeros of the derivative. It is discussed how similar relations can be obtained for other special functions which are solutions of a second order ODE; in particular, the case of the zeros of is considered.     

Zeros of the Derivative of a Rational Function and Coinvariant Subspaces for the Shift Operator on the Bergman Space

If all n (n > 1) zeros of a rational function r with simple poles are in a half-plane, then the derivative of r has at least one zero in the same half-plane. This result is used to prove that the number of zeros of a linear combination of n Bergman kernels in the unit disk may range from 0 to 2n-3. Bibliography: 7 titles.     

A generalized eigenvalue problem for quasi-orthogonal rational functions

In general, the zeros of an orthogonal rational function (ORF) on a subset of the real line, with poles among ${\{\alpha_1,\ldots,\alpha_n\}\subset(\mathbb{C}_0\cup\{\infty\})}$ , are not all real (unless ${\alpha_n}$ is real), and hence, they are not suitable to construct a rational Gaussian quadrature rule (RGQ). For this reason, the zeros of a so-called quasi-ORF or a so-called para-ORF are used instead. These zeros depend on one single parameter ${\tau\in(\mathbb{C}\cup\{\infty\})}$ , which can always be chosen in such a way that the zeros are all real and simple. In this paper we provide a generalized eigenvalue problem to compute the zeros of a quasi-ORF and the corresponding weights in the RGQ. First, we study the connection between quasi-ORFs, para-ORFs and ORFs. Next, a condition is given for the parameter ?? so that the zeros are all real and simple. Finally, some illustrative and numerical examples are given.     

The correlations of finite Desarguesian planes, Part III: The classification (II)

This paper continues the classification of the correlations of planes of odd nonsquare order. Part I (Generalities) included introductory definitions and results (Section 1), algebraic preliminaries (Section 2), as well as a discussion of equivalent correlations (Section 3) and of their general properties (Section 4). The classification proper revolves around a special polynomial which can have one, two, or q + 1 zeros, or no zeros at all, and each of these four possibilities leads to different families of correlations. Part II contained Section 5, devoted to the cases in which the correlation is defined by a diagonal matrix (Subsection 5.1) or the polynomial in the preceding paragraph possesses q + 1 zeros (Subsection 5.2), one zero (Subsection 5.3) and two zeros (Subsection 5.4). Subsection 5.5 presented certain results to be used in the subsequent sections. The present article contains Section 6, devoted to the case in which the above-mentioned polynomial has no zeros.     

高阶复微分方程解的超级的角域分布

设f1,f2,…,fn是复方程f(n)+An-1f(n-1)+…+A0f=0的n个线性无关解,其中A0,A1,…,An-1是不全为多项式,且至少有一个为无限级整函数,σ2(Aj)=0(j=1,2,…,n-1).假设E=f1,f2,…,fn.研究了微分方f(n)+An-1f(n-1)+…+A0f=0的解在角域中的零点分布,获得E的超级为+∞的Borel方向与零点聚值线的关系.     

The correlations of finite Desarguesian planes, Part II: The classification (I)

This paper continues the classification of the correlations of planes of odd nonsquare order. Part I (Generalities) – see reference [1]-included introductory definitions and results (Section 1), algebraic preliminaries (Section 2), as well as a discussion of equivalent correlations (Section 3) and of their general properties (Section 4). The classification proper revolves around a special polynomial which can have one, two, or q + 1 zeros, or no zeros at all, and each of these four possibilities leads to different families of correlations. The present article contains Section 5, devoted to the cases in which the correlation is defined by a diagonal matrix (Subsection 5.1) or the polynomial in the preceding paragraph possesses q + 1 zeros (Subsection 5.2), one zero (Subsection 5.3) and two zeros (Subsection 5.4). Subsection 5.5 presents certain results to be used in the subsequent sections.     

Existence of exactlyn+1 simple 4-periodic solutions of the differential delay equation\dot x(t) = - f(x(t - 1))

By discussing the zeros of periodic solutions we give in this paper a criterion for the existence of exactlyn+1 simple 4-periodic solutions of the differential delay equation Supported by the Chinese National Foundation for Natural Sciences.     

Enclosing all zeros of an analytic function — A rigorous approach

We present a method to find all zeros of an analytic function in a rectangular domain. The approach is based on finding guaranteed enclosures rather than approximations of the zeros. Well-isolated simple zeros are determined fast and with high accuracy. Clusters of zeros can in many cases be distinguished from multiple zeros by applying the argument principle to sufficiently high-order derivatives of the function. We illustrate the proposed method through five examples of varying levels of complexity.     

Asymptotics of the zeros of degenerate hypergeometric functions

We find the asymptotics of the zeros of the degenerate hypergeometric function (the Kummer function) Φ(a, c; z) and indicate a method for numbering all of its zeros consistent with the asymptotics. This is done for the whole class of parameters a and c such that the set of zeros is infinite. As a corollary, we obtain the class of sine-type functions with unfamiliar asymptotics of their zeros. Also we prove a number of nonasymptotic properties of the zeros of the function Φ.     

Trajectories of the zeros of hypergeometric polynomials F(−n, b; 2b; z) for b < − 1/2

In a previous paper [2] we studied the zeros of hypergeometric polynomials F(−n, b; 2b; z), where b is a real parameter. Making connections with ultraspherical polynomials, we showed that for b > − 1/2 all zeros of F(−n, b; 2b; z) lie on the circle |z − 1| = 1, while for b < 1 − n all zeros are real and greater than 1. Our purpose now is to describe the trajectories of the zeros as b descends below the critical value − 1/2 to 1 − n. The results have counterparts for ultraspherical polynomials and may be said to “explain” the classical formulas of Hilbert and Klein for the number of zeros of Jacobi polynomials in various intervals of the real axis. These applications and others are discussed in a further paper [3].     

Le critère de Li et l'hypothèse de Riemann pour la classe de Selberg

We generalise Li's criterion, already known for the Riemann zeta function, to a large class of Dirichlet series. We give first an explicit formula for the coefficients , for all positive integers n and ρ runs over all the non-trivial zeros of a function F in this class. To do so, we use the Weil Explicit Formula.     

亚纯函数理论的一个基本不等式及其应用

本文首先证明了关于亚纯函数理论的一个基本不等式,进而用此不等式研究了与Hayman的一个结果密切相关的一类亚纯函数的值分布问题,得到如下结果:如果 f是一个超越亚纯函数,其所有零点的重数至少为k,则函数ff(k)取每一个有穷非零复数无穷多次,至多除去三个可能的例外正整数k=2,3,4．     

Differentiation evens out zero spacings

If is a polynomial with all of its roots on the real line, then the roots of the derivative are more evenly spaced than the roots of . The same holds for a real entire function of order 1 with all its zeros on a line. In particular, we show that if is entire of order 1 and has sufficient regularity in its zero spacing, then under repeated differentiation the function approaches, after normalization, the cosine function. We also study polynomials with all their zeros on a circle, and we find a close analogy between the two situations. This sheds light on the spacing between zeros of the Riemann zeta-function and its connection to random matrix polynomials.