分数布朗运动环境下上证50ETF期权定价的实证研究

合理的期权价格是期权交易的前提.基于上证50ETF期权的最新数据,运用经典的BlackScholes定价模型、蒙特卡洛模拟期权定价方法和分数布朗运动定价模型对上证50ETF期权价格进行实证研究.结果表明:分数布朗运动定价模型相比较经典的Black-Scholes定价模型和蒙特卡洛方法在接近期权的实际成交价格时均方误差和均方比例误差更小,能够较为准确地、有效地模拟出上证50ETF期权的价格,从而对投资者的期权交易行为具有一定的指导作用,也为国内其他品种的期权定价研究提供参考.     

GARCH模型下基于偏最小二乘的欧式股指期权定价——来自香港恒生指数期权市场的证据

目前,股指期权呼之欲出,在这种形势下,本文对股指期权定价问题进行了研究。本文首先在GARCH模型的基础上导出期权定价估值公式,其次,在GARCH欧式股指期权定价模型的基础上,融入偏最小二乘技术,给出最终的欧式股指期权的偏最小二乘定价方法。最后,对香港恒指期权进行参数估计和GARCH建模,运用新的定价方法进行期权定价。研究发现,对最终期权价格影响最大的是GARCH模型的估计值;另外整个大盘的活跃程度、投资者情绪也有不可忽视的影响。这个结论为中国顺利发展指数期权市场提供了坚实有力的定价依据。     

技术创新与增长期权定价

本采用了净现值(NPV)和实物期权定价方法对一个实际的MMDS的发射放大器项目进行了定价，并对两种方法定价的结果进行了分析和对比。由于实物期权方法定价的结果包含项目中的增长期权和放弃期权的价值，因而实物期权方法定价的结果比NPV方法定价的结果更合理和更高。     

基于贝叶斯MCMC算法的美式期权定价

鉴于美式期权的定价具有后向迭代搜索特征,本文结合Longstaff和Schwartz提出的美式期权定价的最小二乘模拟方法,研究基于马尔科夫链蒙特卡洛算法对回归方程系数的估计,实现对美式期权的双重模拟定价.通过对无红利美式看跌股票期权定价进行大量实证模拟,从期权价值定价误差等方面同著名的最小二乘蒙特卡洛模拟方法进行对比分析,结果表明基于MCMC回归算法给出的美式期权定价具有更高的精确度.模拟实证结果表明本文提出的对美式期权定价方法具有较好的可行性、有效性与广泛的适用性.该方法的不足之处就是类似于一般的蒙特卡洛方法,会使得求解的计算量有所加大.     

含信用风险的上限型权证期权定价

本文通过公司价值模型研究一类含信用风险的上限型权证期权的定价.一方面利用鞅的方法推导出公司负债和无风险利率为常数情况下上限型权证期权的定价;另一方面通过概率的方法推导出含信用风险的上限型权证期权定价公式,该公式推广了Black-Scholes的欧式期权定价.     

随机利率Vasicek模型下的欧式缺口期权的定价研究

研究随机利率Vasicek模型下欧式缺口期权的定价问题,利用偏微分方程方法给出了欧式缺口看涨期权和看跌期权的定价公式,并且是Vasicek利率模型下标准欧式期权定价公式的一种推广.     

基于模糊集合论的实物期权定价方法

实物期权的定价在风险投资决策过程中具有重要意义.传统的实物期权定价方法忽略标的资产价值和投资成本的模糊性,从而可能导致错误的投资决策.本文主要研究了具有模糊标的的资产价值和投资成本情形时的实物期权定价模型.文中将这些模糊因素分别视为模糊数和模糊变量,然后运用模糊集合论,结合B-S期权定价理论,对实物期权进行定价,得到了基于模糊集合论的实物期权定价模型.     

一种新型单点水平期权的定价

本文给出了一种新型单点水平期权,通过鞅定价方法并借助极值的概率分布研究其定价问题,得到了该新型单点水平看涨期权与看跌期权的定价公式.     

一类专利权价值的动态实物期权定价方法

本文在同时考虑投资成本,投资时间以及现金流的不确定性的情况下,构建一类专利权价值的动态实物期权定价模型。考虑到投资中途可能失败的情况,在专利期权中特别加入放弃期权,并运用Monte Carlo模拟方法建立含放弃期权的专利期权的数值定价模型,然后将该模型用于一类IT企业的专利权投资案例的实证分析中。实证结果表明:基于不考虑投资成功与否的传统的实物期权定价模型的专利权定价评估比起含放弃期权的专利期权定价有存在低估专利期权价值的风险。     

一种无风险利率时变条件下的Black-Scholes期权定价模型

本文研究了无风险利率改进的Black-Scholes期权定价模型问题.利用指数函数和Ito公式的方法,获得了一种改进的Black-Scholes期权定价模型,推广了现有Black-Scholes期权定价模型的结果.     

分数跳-扩散运动下欧式复杂任选期权定价

本文假定股票价格过程服从分数跳一扩散运动,且期望收益率和波动率均为常数,在市场无套利的情形下,利用拟鞅定价的方法,得到了欧式复杂任选期权的解析定价公式．     

灰色关联分析在最佳承包商选择中的应用

承包商选择方法是否科学合理直接关系到工程项目的成败.由于承包商选择方的主观性和承包商信息获取的不完备性,若采用传统选择方法,难以取得良好的效果,并最终影响到业主的利益.针对承包商信息的灰色特征,建立了承包商选择的灰色关联度决策模型,选用投标报价、施工方案、施工工期、质量水平和企业信誉作为5个主要评价指标,运用该模型并结合工程实例进行了灰色关联分析,获得了较为可靠的承包商排序,选出了最佳承包商,证明了该方法在最佳承包商选择中的可行性和有效性.旨在为承包商选择方提供一种简单、快捷而有效的评价方法,帮助承包商选择方做出综合和相对客观的评价.     

Matching relations and the dimensional structure of social choices

The concept of a matching relation M generalizes that of an equivalence, in a case in which the domain and range of M are not necessarily identical and may be disjoint. This paper analyzes the representation of any relation R by a union of matching relations. The interpretation of such representation is that a R d — the choice of some individual or object d by some individual a requires the coincidence of at least one value of the chosen and the chooser on some relevant factor. A general discussion of matching relations is given, and various results concerning the representation are presented.     

Pricing Bounds for Volatility Derivatives via Duality and Least Squares Monte Carlo

Derivatives on the Chicago Board Options Exchange volatility index have gained significant popularity over the last decade. The pricing of volatility derivatives involves evaluating the square root of a conditional expectation which cannot be computed by direct Monte Carlo methods. Least squares Monte Carlo methods can be used, but the sign of the error is difficult to determine. In this paper, we propose a new model-independent technique for computing upper and lower pricing bounds for volatility derivatives. In particular, we first present a general stochastic duality result on payoffs involving convex (or concave) functions. This result also allows us to interpret these contingent claims as a type of chooser options. It is then applied to volatility derivatives along with minor adjustments to handle issues caused by the square root function. The upper bound involves the evaluation of a variance swap, while the lower bound involves estimating a martingale increment corresponding to its hedging portfolio. Both can be achieved simultaneously using a single linear least square regression. Numerical results show that the method works very well for futures, calls and puts under a wide range of parameter choices.     

Opening Two Envelopes

In the two-envelope problem, one is offered a choice between two envelopes, one containing twice as much money as the other. After seeing the contents of the chosen envelope, the chooser is offered the opportunity to make an exchange for the other envelope. However, it appears to be advantageous to switch, regardless of what is observed in the chosen envelope. This problem has an extensive literature with connections to probability and decision theory. The literature is roughly divided between those that attempt to explain what is flawed in arguments for the advantage of switching and those that attempt to explain when such arguments can be correct if counterintuitive. We observe that arguments in the literature of the two-envelope problem that the problem is paradoxical are not supported by the probability distributions meant to illustrate the paradoxical nature. To correct this, we present a distribution that does support the usual arguments. Aside from questions about the interpretation of variables, algebraic ambiguity, modal confusions and the like, most of the interesting aspects of the two-envelope problem are assumed to require probability distributions on an infinite space. Our next main contribution is to show that the same counterintuitive arguments can be reflected in finite versions of the problem; thus they do not inherently require reasoning about infinite values. A topological representation of the problem is presented that captures both finite and infinite cases, explicating intuitions underlying the arguments both that there is an advantage to switching and that there is not.     

稠定闭线性算子的剩余谱刻画及其应用

得到Hilbert空间中的稠定闭线性算子的剩余谱由其点谱及其共轭算子点谱完全刻画,由此给出了其剩余谱为空集的充要条件;从而得到两类稠定闭线性算子的谱结构.     

On the maximal multiplicative complexity of a family of bilinear forms

The number of nonscalar multiplications required to evaluate a general family of bilinear forms is investigated. An upper bound is obtained which is about half that obtained from naive arguments. In certain cases the best possible upper bound is obtained.     

CONVERGENCE RATES TO NONLINEAR DIFFUSIVE WAVES FOR SOLUTIONS TO NONLINEAR HYPERBOLIC SYSTEM

This article is involved with the asymptotic behavior of solutions for nonlinear hyperbolic system with external friction. The global existence of classical solutions is proven,and L~p convergence rates are obtained. Compared with the results obtained by Hsiao and Liu, better convergence rates are obtained in this article.     

Optical solitons with time-dependent dispersion,nonlinearity and attenuation in a power-law media

This paper studies optical solitons in a power-law media with time-dependent coefficients of dispersion, nonlinearity and attenuation. The 1-soliton solution is obtained for the nonlinear Schrödinger’s equation with power-law nonlinearity. In addition, a relation between these coefficients is obtained for the solitons to exist. Finally, the velocity of the soliton is also obtained in terms of these coefficients.     

Generalized Ito's formula and additive functionals of Brownian motion

Summary An extension of Ito's formula to convex functions is obtained, and a version of its converse is investigated. By using the generalized Ito's formula obtained here and that obtained by G. Brosamler for higher dimensional Brownian motion, a transparent proof of the correspondence between measures and nonnegative continuous (homogeneous) additive functionals is given.